Mu koma ga watan Yuni 1924. Wurin shine Stockholm kuma lokacin shekara ne lokacin da babban birnin Sweden ya kasance mafi daɗi. Matsakaicin yanayin zafi ya wuce 21 ° C kuma kwanaki suna wucewa sama da sa'o'i 12 - bambanci da lokacin hunturu ba zai iya girma ba.
A kan wannan yanayin ne wasu abokai biyu da suka daɗe, Assar Gabrielsson da Gustav Larson, suka yi magana a karon farko game da yiwuwar kafa alamar mota. Wataƙila kalmar “magana” ba ta da wani laifi idan aka fuskanci irin wannan babban manufa… amma muna kan.
Watanni biyu bayan wannan tattaunawar ta farko, a ranar 24 ga Agusta, Assar da Larson suka sake haduwa. Wurin haduwa? Gidan cin abinci na teku a Stockholm.
A daya daga cikin teburi a cikin wannan gidan cin abinci, wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da lobster, an sanya hannu kan ɗaya daga cikin muhimman alƙawura na masana'antar kera motoci - kamar yadda za mu sami damar gani a cikin shekaru 90 na musamman na Volvo.
farkon abota
Kafin mu ci gaba, bari mu tuna yadda labarin waɗannan mutane biyu ya haɗu. Assar Gabrielsson da Gustav Larson sun hadu a wani kamfani mai suna Svenska Kullagerfabriken (SKF).
Gabrielsson, wanda ya kammala karatunsa a Makarantar Harkokin Tattalin Arziki ta Stockholm, ya daɗe yana aiki a SKF, inda ya riƙe babban darakta na tallace-tallace.
Larson kuma ya yi aiki a SKF amma a matsayin injiniyanci, daga nan ya bar 1919 ya tafi aiki da AB GALCO – wanda kuma yake a Stockholm.
Gabrielsson da Larson ba sani ba ne kawai, akwai tausayawa na gaske a tsakanin su. Bugu da ƙari, suna da ƙwarewar ƙwarewa. Gabrielsson yana da ilimin tattalin arziki da gwaninta don samun kuɗi don gano Volvo, yayin da Larson ya san yadda ake ƙira da gina mota.
Nufin Assar Gabrielsson (mai kyau).
Sanin wannan complementarity a cikin masu sana'a sharuddan da kuma tausayi a cikin sirri sharuddan, kamar yadda za ka iya riga gane, ba kwatsam Assar Gabrielsson ya zaɓi Gustav Larson ya ci don haka sanannen "lobster".
Bayan wannan hanya ta farko, Assar yana so ya san ko Gustav zai yarda (ko a'a) ya rungumi aikin da ke da sha'awar kamar yadda yake da haɗari: sami alamar motar Sweden ta farko (SAAB kawai ta bayyana a cikin 1949).
An ce mutuwar matar sa a wani hatsarin mota da ta yi shi ne bacewar Assar Gabrielsson don ci gaba da aikin. Gustav Larson ya amince da ƙalubalen.
LABARI: Ledger na Musamman na Mota. Shekaru 90 na Volvo.
A wannan ganawar tsakanin waɗannan abokai biyu ne aka kafa ka'idodin makomar alamar (wanda har yanzu ba shi da suna). A yau, fiye da shekaru 90 bayan haka, Volvo har yanzu yana bin ka'idodin guda ɗaya.
"Karfe na Sweden yana da kyau, amma hanyoyin Sweden ba su da kyau." | Assar Gabrielsson a cikin littafin shekaru talatin na Volvo
Dole ne motocinku su zama abin dogaro . Samfuran da samfuran Jamus, Ingilishi da Amurka ke samarwa ba a tsara su ba ko kuma an shirya su don yanayin yanayin yanayi na Scandinavia da mugayen hanyoyin Sweden.
Baya ga kasancewa abin dogaro, dole ne motocinsu su kasance lafiya. . Yawan haɗarin haɗari a kan hanyoyin Sweden a cikin 1920s na ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke damun Gabrielsson da Larson - kamar yadda muke iya gani, matsalolin tsaro sun kasance tun farkon Volvo.
Ga waɗannan abokai guda biyu, motoci, a matsayin alamar ci gaba da 'yanci, suna da wajibci su kasance cikin aminci.
Daga kalmomi zuwa aiki
Dangane da manufofin aikin, a wannan rana sun ci shahararren lobster, Gabrielsson da Larson sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar magana. Fiye da shekara guda bayan haka, an sanya hannu kan kwangilar yadda ya kamata, ranar 16 ga Disamba, 1925. Dokar ta farko.
Wannan kwangilar ta nuna, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, rawar da kowane ɗayan zai taka a cikin wannan aikin.
Gustav ne ke da alhakin sashin injiniya. Shi ne ke da alhakin zayyana samfurin farko, da kuma tsara tsarin saka hannun jari na sabuwar masana'anta. Tare da faɗakarwa ɗaya: za a mayar da shi ne kawai idan shirin ya yi nasara. Kuma ta hanyar nasara ana nufin kera motoci akalla 100 a ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1928. Hadarin da ya yarda ya dauka saboda ya ci gaba da rike aikinsa a AB Galco a layi daya.
Bi da bi, Assar Gabrielsson ya yi la'akari da hadarin kudi na aikin, inda ya sanya duk abin da ya tanadi ba tare da wani tabbacin nasara ba.
Fuskantar waɗannan haɗarin (mai girma), Assar kuma ya ci gaba da aiki a SKF. Björn Prytz, darektan gudanarwa na SKF, bai yi adawa da wannan aikin ba idan dai bai hana shi aiki a kamfanin ba.
Ba abin burgewa ba ne. An yi tunanin komai
Abokai da abincin abincin teku a kan kyakkyawan yammacin rani. Wannan ya ce, kaɗan ko babu abin da ke nuna aikin ƙwararru. Rashin fahimta gaba ɗaya.
Kamar yadda muka riga muka gani, dangane da samfurin Volvo an yi la'akari da kyau (dogara da aminci fiye da kowa), haka gaskiya ne game da shirin kasuwanci (hangen nesa da dabarun).
A lokacin zamansa a birnin Paris a shekara ta 1921, Gabrielsson, yana aiki da SKF a matsayin darektan kasuwanci, ya gane cewa akwai kamfanoni da ke zuba jari kai tsaye a masana'antar kera motoci ta hanyar siyan samfuran motoci. Ta wannan hanyar, sun sami damar yin tasiri ga zaɓin masu ba da kaya da kuma tabbatar da ƙarar oda.
Wani lokaci tsakanin 1922 zuwa 1923, Gabrielsson ya ba da shawarar tsarin kasuwanci mai kama da SKF amma kwamitin gudanarwa na kamfanin Sweden ya ƙi.
Komai ko ba komai
'Na gode amma a'a' na SKF bai hana Gabrielsson ruhinsa ko burinsa ba. Don haka Gabrielsson, a shekara ta 1924, ya ba da shawara cewa yanzu muna magana da Gustav Larson - taron a gidan cin abinci na cin abincin teku.
A cikin littafinsa "The Thirty Years of Volvo History", Gabrielsson ya nuna da kyau wahalhalu wajen tsara kudade don aikin nasa.
'Yan wasan masana'antar kera motoci suna da sha'awar aikinmu, amma abin farin ciki ne kawai. Babu wanda ya jajirce wajen saka hannun jari a alamar motar Sweden.
Duk da haka, aikin ya ci gaba. Gabrielsson tare da Larson sun yanke shawarar ci gaba da samar da samfura guda 10, don sake gabatar da su ga SKF. Ya kasance ko ba komai.
An ce yanke shawarar samar da samfura guda 10 maimakon guda ɗaya wani nau'i ne na "shirin B". Idan aikin bai yi kuskure ba, Gabrielsson na iya ƙoƙarin siyar da samfuran samfuri - kamfanoni suna siya da yawa. Siyar da akwatunan gear, inji, biyun dakatarwa ba su yi aiki ba.
Abin da ya fi haka, wannan ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun za ta tabbatar da cewa SKF za ta sa aikin ya kasance mai tasiri lokacin da suka ga samfurin farko na ÖV 4 (hoton).
Imani ya kasance cewa duk takaddun, tsare-tsare da sauran takaddun ciki sun bi hanyoyin cikin gida na SKF, don haka, idan yarjejeniyar ta kasance, haɗin gwiwar aikin zai yi sauri.
Je zuwa aiki!
Samfuran 10 na farko na ÖV 4 an gina su a ƙarƙashin kulawar Gustav Larson, a harabar AB Galco - kamfanin da injiniyan ya yi aiki kuma wanda ya ba shi damar samun damar ci gaba da aikin.
Gidan studio na cigaba yana daya daga cikin sassan gidansa. A can ne Larson, bayan kwana daya a AB Galco, ya shiga cikin wasu injiniyoyi marasa tsoro don haɓaka samfurori na farko.
“Kujerar kasafin kuɗi” wani gida ne mai zaman kansa, a wannan yanayin gidan Gabrielsson. Wata hanya ce ta isar da tsaro ga masu kaya. Gabrielsson ya kasance mutum mai daraja a masana'antar. Kamar yadda muke iya gani, akwai ainihin yanayin farawa.
An Cimma Ofishin Jakadancin
An shirya samfurin farko a watan Yuni 1926. Kuma da wuri-wuri Larson da Gabrielsson suka hau ÖV 4 kuma suka tafi Gothenburg akan shi don gabatar da shirin saka hannun jari ga SKF. Shigar nasara, zuwa cikin motar ku. Madalla, ba ku tunani?
Ranar 10 ga Agusta, 1926, kwamitin gudanarwa na SKF ya yanke shawarar ba da haske ga aikin Gabrielsson da Larson. "Kiga mana!"
Kwanaki biyu kacal bayan haka, an rattaba hannu kan kwangilar tsakanin SKF da Assaf Gabrielsson, wanda ya tanadi canja wurin samfura guda 10 da duk takaddun tallafi na aikin. Za a yi wannan aikin ga kamfani mai suna Volvo AB.
Kun san haka? Kalmar Volvo ta samo asali ne daga Latin kuma tana nufin "I Roll" (I roll), mai nuni ga jujjuyawar motsi na bearings. An yi rajista a cikin 1915, alamar Volvo na asali na kamfanin SKF ne kuma an ƙirƙira shi don suna suna kewayon bearings na musamman don Amurka.
Wannan kwangilar kuma ta tanadi biyan duk jarin Assar a cikin aikin. Gustav Larson kuma an biya shi duk aikin da ya yi. Sun yi shi.
Ranar 1 ga Janairu, 1927, kuma bayan shekaru uku na aiki mai tsanani, an nada Assar Gabrielsson shugaban Volvo. Bi da bi, Gustav Larson aka nada mataimakin shugaban kamfanin kuma ya yi bankwana da AB Galco.
Labarin ya fara a nan
Bayan watanni biyar, a karfe 10 na safe, Hilmer Johansson, darektan tallace-tallace na alamar Sweden, ya ɗauki hanya ta farko da aka samar da Volvo ÖV4.
Samfurin da za a fi sani da "Jakob", wani shudi mai duhu mai canzawa tare da baƙar fata masu tsaro, sanye da injin silinda 4 - gani nan.
Labarin Volvo ya fara da gaske a nan kuma har yanzu akwai abubuwa da yawa da za a faɗa. Muna da sauran shekaru 90 na kasadar Volvo da rashin nasara, wahalhalu da nasarorin da zamu raba wannan watan a Razão Automóvel.
Ku biyo mu don kada ku rasa babi na gaba na wannan Musamman na Shekaru 90 na Volvo.
