Tesla na iya zama kusa sosai don cimma daidaiton farashin da ake so tsakanin wutar lantarki da motar konewa. Wannan shi ne idan ya tabbatar da ƙaddamar da sababbin batura masu tsada a cikin Tesla Model 3 da aka samar a kasar Sin a karshen shekara (ko farkon na gaba), kamar yadda Reuters ya ci gaba.
Ba wai kawai waɗannan sabbin batir ɗin sun yi alƙawarin yin arha fiye da waɗanda suke a halin yanzu ba, sun yi alƙawarin samun ma'aunin tsayin daka, kusan mil miliyan ɗaya, ko kuma kwatankwacin kilomita miliyan 1.6.
Tare da alƙawarin irin wannan tsawon rai, ana tsammanin waɗannan batura za su iya samun na biyu… da kuma rayuwa ta uku yayin da su ma suka zama wani ɓangare na babban hanyar wutar lantarki.
Batura masu tsada? Kamar?
Ba asiri ba ne. Batura sune ke da alhakin tsadar samar da motocin lantarki idan aka kwatanta da motocin konewa. Babban farashi yana haifar da abubuwa biyu: kayan da aka yi su daga (cobalt, nickel, lithium, manganese) da kuma yadda ake samar da su.
Biyan kuɗi zuwa wasiƙarmu
Manazarta, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, suna da kyakkyawan fata game da rage farashin batura tare da alkawuran cewa a farkon wannan sabuwar shekaru goma za a cimma daidaito da ake so tare da motoci na al'ada. To, gaskiya tana ba da wani labari: a matsakaita farashin samarwa shine 9000 zuwa 11 000 Yuro mafi girma kowace naúrar , ba tare da wani gagarumin raguwa da aka yi hasashen nan da shekaru masu zuwa ba.
Tesla, duk da haka, da alama ya "fashe lambar". A cewar kamfanin dillancin labarai na Reuters, Tesla, tare da hadin gwiwar kamfanin Amperex Technology Ltd na kasar Sin (CATL) da alama suna da mafita a gani kuma a shirye suke su fara samar da kayayyaki a karshen shekara ko farkon shekara mai zuwa. Ci gaban da aka ruwaito ya samo asali ne a dakin gwaje-gwaje na bincike a Jami'ar Dalhousie a Nova Scotia (Kanada), wanda Jeff Dahn ya jagoranta tun 1996, daya daga cikin majagaba wajen haɓaka batir lithium-ion, duka na motoci da kuma ajiyar kan-grid.
Batir mai ƙarancin farashi na Tesla yana yiwuwa ta sabbin abubuwa a cikin “girke-girke” sinadarai, ba da damar rage adadin cobalt da ake amfani da shi sosai - kayan danye mafi tsada a cikin baturi - ko ma kawar da cobalt gaba ɗaya. Har ila yau, akwai magana game da abubuwan da suka hada da sinadarai, kayan aiki da sutura waɗanda ke rage damuwa na ciki a kan baturi, yana ba shi damar adana ƙarin makamashi na tsawon lokaci.
CATL ta saka hannun jari a cikin haɓaka batir LiFePO4 (LiFePO4) mai rarraba Cobalt, kuma yana da ingantaccen batirin nickel-manganese-cobalt (NMC) “tsawon rai” a shirye, inda cathode ke 50% nickel kuma kawai 20% cobalt - yawanci wannan adadi shine 33%.
A cewar majiyoyin Reuters, batir Lithium Iron Phosphate na CATL sun riga sun kasance ƙasa da $80/kWh (daloli a kowace sa'a kilowatt), yayin da ingantaccen NMC ke kusanci $ 100 / kWh - a cikin 2019 matsakaicin farashin kowace kWh ya tsaya a $156 , don haka tasirin waɗannan ci gaba na iya haifar da jimillar kuɗin motar lantarki yana da fahimta.
Ingantattun batura masu “harba” shima yana rage farashi
Menene ƙari, CATL ta haɓaka hanya mafi sauƙi kuma mai rahusa ta “gyara” ƙwayoyin baturi waɗanda Tesla ke so kuma yakamata suyi amfani da su. Wanda ake kira "cell-to-pack", wannan yana kawar da matsakaicin mataki na tsara ƙwayoyin baturi da farko a cikin kayayyaki sannan kawai sanya su a cikin "akwatin" wanda zai zama baturi na ƙarshe.
Wannan bayani yayi alƙawarin ƙara yawan ƙarfin baturi da 10-15%, ɗaukar sama da 15-20% ƙasa da sarari, da rage adadin sassan da ake buƙata ta 40% (tushen: Gizmodo) - don haka rage farashin.
Bugu da ƙari, Tesla kuma yana neman aiwatar da matakai a cikin samar da baturi tare da manyan matakan sarrafa kansa, ba kawai hanzarta samar da kayayyaki ba, amma har ma da rage farashin. Har ila yau akwai magana game da sababbin Terafactories, sau 30 mafi girma fiye da Gigafactory na yanzu a jihar Nevada.
Sashe na ƙarshe na wannan ma'auni yana cikin sake yin amfani da shi da dawo da lithium, cobalt da nickel waɗanda ke haɗa batura, wani abu da Tesla ke bi ta hanyar haɗin gwiwar Redwood Materials. Ba tare da manta da rayuwa ta biyu da batirin mota zai iya samu ba, zama wani ɓangare na tsarin ajiya na grid, kamar yadda muka gani a Ostiraliya a cikin 2017.
Ranar baturi zai kawo ƙarin amsoshi
A cikin 'yan watannin da suka gabata Elon Musk, Babban Jami'in Tesla, yana "zagi" masu zuba jari da abokan hamayya tare da alkawarin ci gaba mai mahimmanci a fasahar baturi. Wadannan ƙananan farashi da batir na "tsawon rai" na iya zama babban wahayi na Ranar Batirin Tesla, wani taron da ke mayar da hankali kan labaran da suka danganci "na'urar lantarki" wanda ke ba da iko ga samfurin Tesla. A cewar Musk:
"Muna so mu bar labarai masu ban sha'awa don wannan ranar, amma za a sami labarai masu ban sha'awa da yawa. Kuma ina tsammanin zai zama ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun kwanaki a tarihin Tesla (...) "
An shirya ranar batir zai zo nan ba da jimawa ba - kuma an dage shi saboda cutar ta Covid-19 - amma da alama za ta kasance a cikin mako na uku na wannan watan, tsakanin 17 ga Mayu zuwa 23 ga Mayu. A nan ne za mu san batura masu arha mai fa'ida mai tsawon kilomita miliyan 1.6?
Source: Reuters.
Tawagar Razão Automóvel za ta ci gaba ta kan layi, sa'o'i 24 a rana, yayin barkewar COVID-19. Bi shawarwarin Babban Daraktan Lafiya, guje wa balaguron da ba dole ba. Tare za mu iya shawo kan wannan mawuyacin lokaci.