Injin dizal ba a taɓa yin maganar haka ba. Ko dai saboda Dieselgate, ko kuma saboda wasu masana'antun sun zartar da ƙarshen injunan diesel, ko kuma saboda a lokaci guda samfuran irin su Mercedes-Benz suna ƙaddamar da samfuran dizal ɗin toshe, lokacin da komai ya sabawa hatsi - ban da Mazda , kamar kullum.
Gaskiyar ita ce, tsauraran dokokin hana gurɓacewar muhalli sun ɗaure injinan dizal, inda masana'antun suka haɗa ƙarfi don cimma nasara, da ƙara rage gurɓataccen hayaƙi.
Tsarin hana gurbatar yanayi - Bawul ɗin EGR, masu tacewa da kuma zaɓin rage yawan kuzari - sun kasance manyan abokan don cika burin da ake bukata. Fasahar da ke da illa, musamman idan ba mu san yadda za mu yi da su ba...
Matsaloli masu rikitarwa da tsada a cikin tsarin hana gurɓacewar ruwa, musamman a cikin tacewa, sune babban abin tsoro lokacin siyan motar Diesel, amma ana iya guje wa waɗannan.
Labarin yana da yawa, amma zai dace don tsawaita rayuwar abubuwan da aka gyara da kuma na motar diesel ɗin ku, da adana wasu canje-canje a cikin walat ɗin ku, ban da sanin kowane tsarin.
EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) bawul
Kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, bawul ɗin EGR (bawul ɗin recirculation gas) - fasahar da ta samo asali tun shekarun 1970 - yana haifar da wani yanki na iskar gas ɗin da ake samarwa yayin konewa don komawa ɗakin konewa don ƙone abubuwan gurɓatawa.
Yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da ke ba da damar sarrafa hayakin NOx (nitrogen oxides), waɗanda aka haifar a cikin ƙarancin yanayin zafi da matsa lamba a cikin silinda.
A'A x yana daya daga cikin gurbacewar da ke cutar da lafiyar dan Adam.
Ana mayar da iskar gas zuwa mashigai, inda aka sake kona su a cikin ɗakin konewa, wanda ke ba da damar rage yawan zafin jiki a cikin ɗakin yayin da ake konewa, ta haka ne ya rage samar da NOx kuma, a lokaci guda, ƙone NOx da aka rigaya ya haifar kuma a cikin waɗancan iskar gas iri ɗaya.
Dalilai da sakamako
An sanya bawul ɗin EGR tsakanin tarkacen shaye-shaye da yawan abin sha , sannan kuma yana da nasa illa. Babban shine ainihin "dawo" na iskar gas, yana haifar da mai tarawa da kuma dukkanin da'irar da ake amfani da ita don tara datti, wanda zai iya ƙuntata ƙarfin injin da ingancinsa. Yawancin lokaci kuna samun gargaɗi lokacin da hasken injin ya kunna.
Wannan na iya nufin cewa bawul ɗin EGR baya aiki a 100%.
Idan ka lura cewa zafin injin ya ɗan fi na al'ada, hakan na iya nufin wuce gona da iri a cikin bawul ɗin EGR. Haka abin yake faruwa da cin abinci. Ana iya tabbatar da mafi girman ƙima ba tare da wani dalili ba tare da wasu toshewar EGR.
Rashin kwanciyar hankali yana aiki a zaman banza, kuma rashin ba da amsa a ƙananan hukumomi da matsakaita na iya zama wani gazawa a cikin EGR.
Idan akwai rashin ƙarfi, kafin maye gurbin bawul ɗin EGR, dole ne ku tsaftace bawul ɗin. Abu ne mai sauqi kuma yawanci yana da sakamako mai kyau, duka a cikin mota da kan walat ɗin ku.
A matsayin rigakafin, kuma koda ba ku da manyan matsaloli, tsaftace EGR a cikin bita. Guji ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce lokacin da injin ke da sanyi kuma a guji tuƙi koyaushe a ƙaramin rpm.
Tace Barbashi (FAP)
Diesel Particulate Filter an ƙera shi ne don kawar da ɓangarorin soot daga iskar gas, kuma yana cikin tsarin shaye-shaye. Sabuwar fasaha ce fiye da fasahar EGR, kuma ta zama tilas daga 2010 zuwa gaba don bin ka'idodin hana gurɓacewar Euro 5.
Ba kamar mai kara kuzari wanda iskar gas ke ratsawa ta tashoshi masu budewa a cikin yumbu ko karfe monoliths, wannan baya faruwa a cikin tacewa particulate. Manufar wadannan tacewa shine a kama zomo sannan a kawar da ita ta hanyar kona shi a yanayin zafi mai zafi.
Kamar kowane tacewa, waɗannan tsarin kuma suna buƙatar tsaftace su akai-akai don ci gaba da aikin su. Tsarin sabuntawa na lokaci-lokaci, yana haifar da shi bayan tarawar soot ya kai wani matsayi. Yana yiwuwa a kawar da, yayin wannan tsari, har zuwa 85% na soot kuma a wasu yanayi kusan 100%.
Dalilai da sakamako
Hanyar da za a aiwatar da wannan farfadowar tacewa ta bambanta dangane da fasahar da masu kera motoci ke amfani da su, duk da haka, a koyaushe suna ɗaukar wani yanayin zafin injin da iskar gas (tsakanin 650 zuwa 1000 ° C) da wani ɗan lokaci. Don haka yadda muke amfani da mota yana ƙayyade da yawa lafiya da tsawon rayuwar wannan bangaren.Hanyoyin birane akai-akai (yawanci gajere) ko rashin amfani da mota ba da daɗewa ba yana nufin cewa masu tacewa ba su kai ga yanayin zafi mai kyau don cimma sabuntawa da ƙona barbashi ba.
Wadannan suna tarawa a cikin tacewa, suna ƙara matsa lamba na baya a cikin shaye-shaye, yana sa motar ta rasa aikin da kuma ƙara yawan man fetur. Idan sabuntawa bai faru ba, hasken panel na kayan aiki na iya kunnawa, yana sanar da ku cewa wani abu ba daidai ba ne tare da tacewa.
Yana yiwuwa a fara tsarin sabuntawa idan muka yi tafiya na kimanin minti 10, a cikin gudu sama da 70 km / h, yana tilasta injin ya yi gudu da sauri fiye da na al'ada.
Yin watsi da gargaɗin, wasu nau'ikan rashin aiki na iya tasowa. Motar na iya shiga cikin yanayin aminci. Idan wannan ya faru, ƙudurin na iya buƙatar tafiya zuwa taron bita don aiwatar da sabuntawa.
Idan sake farfadowa ba zai yiwu ba, kamar yadda matakin ƙwayoyin da ke cikin tace yana da girma sosai, maye gurbinsa zai zama dole, wanda ya haifar da farashi mai yawa.
Rayuwa mai amfani na abubuwan tacewa ya dogara da yawa, duka akan motar da kuma hanyar da ake tuƙi, kuma yana iya zuwa daga. kilomita dubu 80, zuwa kilomita dubu 200 (har ma da ƙari) . Hakanan ana iya yin maye gurbin idan an gano cewa ba zai iya sake haɓakawa ba, ko kuma saboda wasu yanayi a cikin injin ko na'urori masu auna firikwensin da suka lalata matattar da ba za a iya gyarawa ba.
Rigakafin lalacewa
Guji gajerun tafiye-tafiye da ƙananan amfani da motar ku, da kuma tuƙi akai-akai a ƙananan revs. Canje-canje ga ECU da reprogramming na iya samun wani tasiri mai fa'ida akan tacewar barbashi.
SCR da AdBlue
Wannan ƙari - ba ƙari ba ne na man fetur, kamar yadda wasu ke cewa - ya zo mana kwanan nan, a cikin 2015, kuma an sake haifar da shi don cimma matakan da ake bukata, musamman nitrogen oxides (NOx) a cikin yanayin Diesel , riga a ƙarƙashin Yuro. 6. Har zuwa lokacin ana amfani da shi ne kawai a cikin manyan motoci.
Maganin yana tafiya ta hanyar Tsarin SCR - Zaɓin Rage Catalytic - wanda aikinsa ke faruwa ta hanyar amfani da ruwa na AdBlue. Tsarin SCR shine ainihin nau'in haɓakawa, wanda aka sanya a cikin tsarin shaye-shaye, wanda ke rushe iskar gas ɗin da ke fitowa daga konewa, yana raba nitrogen oxides (NOx) da sauran.
AdBlue shine maganin urea mai ruwa (32.5% tsarkin urea, 67.5% demineralized ruwa) wanda aka allura a cikin tsarin shaye-shaye, yana haifar da halayen sinadarai lokacin saduwa da iskar gas. , Rabe NOx daga sauran iskar gas da kuma neutralizing su, mayar da su cikin m iskar gas - ruwa tururi da nitrogen.
Maganin ba shi da guba, amma yana da lahani sosai, shi ya sa ake yawan yin man fetur a wurin bitar, kuma masana'antun ke samar da tsarin ta yadda ikon mallakar tankin ya isa ya kai kilomita tsakanin gyaran.
Tsarin yana da cikakken zaman kanta kuma baya tsoma baki tare da konewa a cikin injin, yana sarrafa kawar da har zuwa 80% na iskar nitrogen oxide, ba tare da tasirin aiki da amfani ba.
Dalilai da sakamako
Kuskuren da aka sani a cikin wannan tsarin ba su da yawa, duk da haka, kamar yadda a cikin abubuwan tacewa, irin waɗannan matsalolin na iya faruwa, kamar iyakancewar wutar lantarki har ma da rashin yiwuwar fara motar. Wannan na iya faruwa saboda rashin AdBlue "ƙara", wanda har ma ya sa abin hawa ya yi motsi, ko kuma wani nau'in anomaly a cikin tsarin, wanda ke sa tsarin tsarin SCR ba zai yiwu ba.
Duba shawarwarin don ingantaccen aiki na tsarin AdBlue a cikin wannan hoton:
A wannan yanayin, hanyoyin birane da ƙananan amfani da mota za su haifar da ƙarin amfani da AdBlue kawai, saboda yanayi mara kyau. Ba duk motocin da ke amfani da wannan tsarin ba suna da alamar matakin AdBlue, amma duk sun shirya don faɗakar da direba lokacin da matakin AdBlue ya yi ƙasa, wanda har yanzu yana yiwuwa a yi tafiya na ƴan kilomita dubu don cikawa.
Tankunan AdBlue ƙanana ne, saboda yawan amfani da shi ya kai kusan lita biyu na kowane kilomita dubu, kuma farashin kowace lita kusan Euro ɗaya ne.
Anan, ana yin rigakafin kawai a kula da kar a bar ruwan AdBlue ya ƙare. Kyakkyawan kilomita!