Ana ɗaukar ESP a matsayin ɗayan manyan ci gaba a cikin amincin mota tun lokacin ƙaddamar da bel ɗin kujera. An yi kiyasin cewa tun lokacin da aka gabatar da shi a shekarar 1995. ESP ta riga ta hana asarar rayuka sama da miliyan ɗaya a duniya.
Amma menene ESP? Boye a bayan waɗannan haruffa guda uku shine ma'anar Tsarin Tsayawar Lantarki - kuma ana kiranta da ESC (Electronic Stability Control) ko DSC (Dynamic Stability Control). Fassara zuwa Fotigal mai kyau muna samun Kula da Tsawon Lantarki.
Menene aikinku?
Manufar wannan tsarin shine don rage yuwuwar motar ta rasa iko a cikin sasanninta ko a saman ƙasa mara ƙarfi.
Wannan ingantaccen tsarin tsawaita tsarin hana kulle-kulle (ABS) ne, kamar yadda lokacin da ya gano asarar sarrafa jagora - kamar yadda yake cikin yanayin ƙasa ko oversteer - yana iya yin aiki daban-daban akan birki, don kiyaye yanayin da aka yi niyya da farko. ta direban.
Wasu na'urori, baya ga yin birki, suna kuma rage ƙarfin injin har sai an dawo da sarrafa motar.
Kuma tun farko an samu rashin fahimta
Kuma kamar yadda yake tare da labarin ƙirƙira da yawa, wannan kuma ya zo ne ta hanyar haɗari… a zahiri a matsayin haɗari. Frank Werner-Mohn, wani matashi injiniya Mercedes-Benz, yana gudanar da gwaje-gwajen hunturu a Sweden a bayan motar W124 (Class E) a cikin Fabrairu 1989. Kuma kamar yadda muke iya gani a cikin hoton da aka nuna na wannan labarin. gwajin ya kare ne a cikin rami, inda aka binne motar a wani bangare cikin dusar ƙanƙara.
Shi kaɗai, mai nisa daga Stromsund, birni mafi kusa, har yanzu ya jira dogon lokaci don ja - a lokacin babu wayoyin hannu don saurin sadarwa.
Lokacin da ya ba ta damar tunanin abin da ya faru da ita, wanda ya haifar da wani tunanin da zai iya guje wa bata. Mene ne idan tsarin ABS - wanda ke aiki akan matsa lamba na tsarin birki, yana hana ƙafafun daga kulle - zai iya sadarwa tare da ECU wanda ya auna motsi na mota, yana auna kusurwar zamewa, shugabanci da bambancin sauri tsakanin ƙafafun?
Daga helikwafta abin wasan yara zuwa makami mai linzami na Scud
Tunanin shine a daidaita wutar lantarki da/ko kunna birki daban-daban domin hana tsallake-tsallake. A lokacin, Bosch yana aiki akan irin wannan tsarin, amma tare da bambancin cewa tsarin yana aiki ne kawai lokacin da aka yi amfani da birki a cikin gaggawa. An bambanta ra'ayin Werner-Mohn ta hanyar cewa tsarin koyaushe yana kan aiki, yana lura da kullun ba kawai halin motar ba har ma da yanayin hanya.
Komawa a Mercedes-Benz a Stuttgart, Frank Werner-Mohn da tawagarsa sun sami izini don gina samfuri don aiwatar da ka'idar. Matsala ta farko ita ce gano gyroscope don auna motsin gefen motar. Maganin har da saye da sadaukar da jirgin helikwafta! To, ba jirgi mai saukar ungulu na gaske ba, amma abin wasa ne mai sarrafa nesa.
Ya yi aiki. Gyroscope na abin wasan yara ya nuna cewa za a iya aiwatar da ka'idar a aikace. Amma an buƙaci ƙarin. Gyroscope na helikwafta bai isa ba kuma za a buƙaci wani mai ƙarfin sarrafawa. Kuma ba su kasance rabin ma'auni ba - ya sami gyroscope tare da kyawawan halaye a cikin… Scud makami mai linzami!
Gwajin
Suna dauke da “kayan aikin” daidai sun sami damar kera motar gwaji. Ci gaban da zai ci gaba har tsawon shekaru biyu.
Shawarar don ci gaba tare da tsarin haɗin kai a cikin motocin samarwa zai zo da sauri bayan gwajin gwaji ta hanyar sarrafa Mercedes-Benz. A cikin wannan gwajin, sun sanya ɗaya daga cikin manyan jami'an alamar - wanda aka sani da "jin kunya" tuki - a motar samfurin a kan direbobin gwaji na hukuma a kan hanya a kan wani tafkin daskararre.
Abin ya ba kowa mamaki, a zahiri ma’aikatar zartaswa ta yi saurin gudu kamar yadda ma’aikatan jirgin ke aiki. Wani yunƙuri tare da tsarin ya kashe kuma memba na gudanarwa bai wuce na farko ba, ya rasa kansa. An tabbatar da ingancin abin da zai zama sanannun ESP ba tare da wata shakka ba. Amma… shin kun san cewa wasu abokan aikinku sun yi wa ra'ayin Frank Werner-Mohn ba'a?
Frank Werner-MohnDa zarar sun ga cewa wannan fasaha za ta iya hana ƙetare ƙwanƙwasa, nan da nan gwamnatin ta amince da ita. A lokacin, wahayi ne.
A cikin Maris 1991 an ba da hasken kore don ESP don haɗawa cikin motocin samarwa. Amma a cikin 1995 ne kawai wannan ya faru a karon farko, tare da Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W140) yana da farkon sabon tsarin tsaro.
Moose Wanda Ya Dakatar da ESP
Cewa fasahar ta yi aiki ba ta da shakka. Amma don tasirinsa da gaske, yana ba da gudummawa ga raguwar ɓarna, ya zama dole don daidaitawa da haɗa tsarin a yawancin motoci.
Wannan zai faru da ban mamaki kuma "ƙaddara ta so" cewa Mercedes-Benz ya shiga. A cikin 1997, wani littafin Sweden, Teknikens Värld, yana gwada sabuwar Mercedes-Benz A-Class, mafi ƙarancin Mercedes. Ɗaya daga cikin gwaje-gwajen da aka yi ya haɗa da motsin gaggawa na gujewa, kawar da shingen hasashe da kuma komawa kan hanyarta.
A-Class ya fadi gwajin da kyar kuma ya kife.
Labarin sakamakon gwajin ya yi ta kama kamar wutar daji. Dan jaridar da ya jarraba shi, lokacin da yake bayyana abin da jarrabawar ta kunsa. ana amfani da shi azaman misali motsa jiki don gujewa karo da mose akan hanya - halin da ake ciki tare da babban yuwuwar faruwa akan hanyoyin Sweden - kuma sunan ya makale. Jarabawar moose don haka ya zama sanannen wanda aka azabtar.
Alamar Jamus za ta magance matsalar ta hanyar sanya ESP a cikin mafi arha samfurinsa. Don haka haɗa ESP a duk faɗin sa bai ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo ba. Kamar yadda Werner-Mohn ya ce: "Mun gode wa dan jaridar da ya yi gwajin saboda ya hanzarta aiwatar da fasahar mu".
Ba da dadewa ba, Mercedes-Benz za ta mika haƙƙin mallaka ga masu samar da fasaha ba tare da cajin komai ba.
Shawarar Daimler wanda ya haifar da raɗaɗi ga Werner-Mohn. A gefe guda, ya yi nadama cewa an ba da abin da ya kirkiro ba tare da biyan kuɗi ba, amma a gefe guda, ya fahimci cewa an yanke shawara mafi kyau, ta hanyar yin amfani da shi ga kowa da kowa. Sakamakon ya yi magana da kansu: a cikin shekaru 10 hukumomin Jamus sun fara ganin raguwar hatsarori ba tare da shiga cikin wasu motoci na ESP ba.
A yau ESP shine daidaitaccen kayan aiki a yawancin motoci , daga mazauna birni zuwa super sports. Gudunmawarsa ga amincin mota ba abin musantawa. Kuma duk ya fara da karkatacciyar hanya…
Frank Werner-Mohn zai yi ritaya a bana bayan ya shafe shekaru 35 tare da Mercedes-Benz. A halin yanzu, yana aiki akan fasahar tuƙi masu cin gashin kansu waɗanda har yanzu za su ɗauki ƴan shekaru kafin isa ga motocin "mu".