Lithium, cobalt, nickel da manganese na daga cikin manyan kayan da suka hada da batura na motocin lantarki. Koyaya, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saboda matsanancin matsin lamba don haɓakawa da kuma kawowa kasuwa da ƙarin motocin lantarki da yawa. akwai haɗarin gaske cewa babu albarkatun ƙasa don yin batura masu yawa.
Batu ɗaya da muka tattauna a baya - kawai ba mu da ƙarfin da aka girka a duniyarmu don fitar da adadin albarkatun da ake buƙata don adadin motocin lantarki, kuma yana iya ɗaukar shekaru masu yawa kafin mu samu.
A cewar Bankin Duniya, bukatar wasu kayan da muke amfani da su wajen kera batura na iya girma kamar ninki 11 nan da shekarar 2050, tare da rushewar samar da nickel, cobalt da tagulla a farkon shekarar 2025.
Don ragewa ko murkushe buƙatar albarkatun ƙasa, akwai madadin. DeepGreen Metals, wani kamfanin hakar ma'adinai na karkashin ruwa na Kanada, yana ba da shawara a matsayin madadin hakar ma'adinai don binciken tekun, mafi daidai, Tekun Pacific. Me yasa Tekun Pacific? Domin yana can, aƙalla a cikin yankin da aka riga aka ƙaddara, cewa babban taro na Polymetallic nodules.
Nodules… menene?
Hakanan ana kiransa nodules na manganese, nodules na polymetallic su ne adibas na ferromanganese oxides da sauran karafa, kamar waɗanda ake buƙata don samar da batura. Girman su ya bambanta tsakanin 1 cm zuwa 10 cm - ba su wuce ƙananan duwatsu ba - kuma an kiyasta cewa za a iya samun ajiyar tan biliyan 500 a kan tekun.
Yana yiwuwa a same su a cikin dukkan tekuna - an riga an san adadin ajiya da yawa a duk duniya - kuma an same su a cikin tafkuna. Sabanin hakar ma'adinin ƙasa, nodules na polymetallic suna kan benen teku, don haka baya buƙatar kowane nau'in aikin hakowa. A bayyane yake, duk abin da ake buƙata shine kawai… don tattara su.
Menene fa'idar?
Ba kamar hakar ƙasa ba, tarin polymetallic nodules yana da babban fa'idarsa mafi ƙarancin tasirin muhalli. A cewar wani bincike mai zaman kansa da DeepGreen Metals ya bayar, wanda ya kwatanta tasirin muhalli tsakanin hakar ma'adinai da tarin nodules na polymetallic don yin biliyoyin batura na motocin lantarki.
Biyan kuɗi zuwa wasiƙarmu
Sakamakon yana da alƙawarin. Binciken ya ƙididdige cewa an rage fitar da iskar CO2 da kashi 70% (0.4 Gt gaba ɗaya maimakon 1.5 Gt ta amfani da hanyoyin da ake amfani da su a halin yanzu), 94% ƙasa da ƙasa da 92% ƙasa da gandun daji ana buƙata, bi da bi; kuma a ƙarshe, babu ƙaƙƙarfan sharar gida a cikin wannan nau'in aiki.
Binciken ya kuma bayyana cewa tasirin namun daji ya ragu da kashi 93% idan aka kwatanta da hakar ma'adinai. Duk da haka, DeepGreen Metals da kansa ya bayyana cewa duk da yawan nau'in dabbobin da aka fi iyakancewa a fannin tattarawa a cikin teku, gaskiyar ita ce ba a san da yawa game da nau'in nau'in nau'in da za su iya zama a can ba, don haka ba haka ba ne. sani. ya san ainihin tasirin wannan yanayin. Yana da niyyar DeepGreen Metals don gudanar da bincike mai zurfi, tsawon shekaru da yawa, akan tasirin dogon lokaci akan bene na teku.
Gerard Barron, Shugaba da Shugaban Kamfanin DeepGreen Metals"Hankar da karafa na budurwowi daga kowane tushe shine, ta ma'anarsa, rashin dorewa kuma yana haifar da lalacewar muhalli. Mun yi imanin cewa nodules polymetallic wani muhimmin bangare ne na maganin. Ya ƙunshi babban adadin nickel, cobalt da manganese; yana da kyau baturi ga abin hawa lantarki akan dutse."
A cewar binciken, nodules na polymetallic sun ƙunshi kusan 100% na kayan da ake amfani da su kuma ba su da guba, yayin da ma'adinan da aka cire daga ƙasa suna da ƙarancin farfadowa kuma suna ɗauke da abubuwa masu guba.
Shin mafita na iya kasancewa a nan don samun albarkatun ƙasa don yin batura masu yawa kamar yadda muke buƙata? DeepGreen Metals yana tunanin haka.
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