"Sarkin Spin": Tarihin Injin Wankel a Mazda

Tare da sanarwar kwanan nan na sake haifuwar injunan Wankel a hannun Mazda, mun waiwayi tarihin wannan fasaha a cikin alamar Hiroshima.

Sunan gine-ginen "Wankel" ya samo asali ne daga sunan injiniyan Jamus wanda ya kirkiro shi, Felix Wankel.

Wankel ya fara tunanin injin rotary tare da manufa ɗaya a zuciyarsa: don kawo sauyi a masana'antar da ƙirƙirar injin da zai wuce injunan al'ada. Idan aka kwatanta da injunan al'ada, aikin injin Wankel ya ƙunshi yin amfani da "rotors" maimakon pistons na gargajiya, yana ba da izinin motsi mai laushi, ƙarin konewa na layi da kuma amfani da ƙananan sassa masu motsi.

LABARI: Don samun cikakken bayani kan yadda injin Wankel ke aiki danna nan

Samfurin farko na wannan injin an yi shi ne a karshen shekarun 1950, a daidai lokacin da masana'antar kera motoci ke kara habaka kuma gasar ke kara ta'azzara. A dabi'a, ga kamfani mai tasowa wanda ke da burin isa wani wuri a kasuwa, ya zama dole a yi sabbin abubuwa, kuma a nan ne babbar tambaya ita ce: ta yaya?

Tsuneji Matsuda, wanda shi ne shugaban Mazda a lokacin, ya samu amsar. Da yake sha'awar fasahar da Felix Wankel ya ɓullo da shi, ya kafa yarjejeniya da kamfanin kera na Jamus NSU - alama ta farko da ta ba da lasisi ga wannan gine-ginen injiniya - don tallata injin jujjuya mai ban sha'awa. Ta haka ne aka ɗauki matakin farko na labarin da zai kai mu yau.

Mataki na gaba shine don matsawa daga ka'idar zuwa aiki: tsawon shekaru shida, jimlar injiniyoyi 47 daga alamar Jafananci sun yi aiki akan haɓakawa da tunanin injin. Duk da sha'awar, aikin ya kasance mai wahala fiye da yadda ake tsammani da farko, saboda sashen bincike ya fuskanci matsaloli masu yawa wajen samar da injin rotary.

DUBI KUMA: Taron bita shine saitin sake yin zanen Renaissance

Duk da haka, aikin da Mazda ya ɓullo da shi ya ƙare har ya haifar da 'ya'ya kuma a cikin 1967 injin ya fito a cikin Mazda Cosmo Sport, samfurin wanda bayan shekara guda ya ƙare 84 Hours na Nurburgring a wuri na 4 mai daraja. Ga Mazda, wannan sakamakon ya kasance tabbacin cewa injin rotary yana ba da kyakkyawan aiki da tsayin daka. Ya cancanci saka hannun jari, lamari ne na ci gaba da gwadawa.

Duk da nasarar da aka samu a gasar kawai tare da ƙaddamar da Savanna RX-7, a cikin 1978, injin rotary yana ci gaba da zamani tare da takwarorinsa na yau da kullun, yana mai da motar da kawai ta jawo hankalin ƙirarta zuwa injin da ake so. makanikai.. Kafin haka, a cikin 1975, an riga an ƙaddamar da wani nau'in "mai son muhalli" na injin rotary, tare da Mazda RX-5.

Wannan ci gaban fasaha koyaushe ana daidaita shi tare da babban shirin wasanni, wanda ya zama bututun gwaji don gwada injuna da kuma sanya duk abubuwan da suka faru a aikace. A cikin 1991, injin rotary Mazda 787B har ma ya lashe tseren tseren sa'o'i 24 na Le Mans - shi ne karo na farko da wani kamfani na Japan ya lashe tseren jimiri mafi almara a duniya.

Fiye da shekaru goma bayan haka, a cikin 2003, Mazda ya ƙaddamar da injin jujjuyawar Renesis da ke da alaƙa da RX-8, a lokacin da har yanzu alamar Japan ta kasance mallakar Ford. A wannan lokacin, fiye da fa'idodi masu yawa dangane da inganci da tattalin arziƙi, injin Wankel ya “nutse cikin ƙimar alama don alamar”. A cikin 2012, tare da ƙarshen samarwa a kan Mazda RX-8 kuma ba tare da maye gurbinsa ba, injin Wankel ya ƙare da gudu daga tururi, yana raguwa har ma a baya idan aka kwatanta da injunan al'ada dangane da amfani da man fetur, karfin juyi da farashin injin. samarwa.

LABARI: Kamfanin da Mazda ya samar da Wankel 13B "sarkin spin"

Duk da haka, bari waɗanda suke tunanin cewa injin Wankel ya mutu dole ne su yi sanyin gwiwa. Duk da wahalhalun da ake samu wajen kiyaye sauran injunan konewa, alamar ta Japan ta yi nasarar kiyaye jigon injiniyoyin da suka haɓaka wannan injin tsawon shekaru. Aikin da ya ba da damar ƙaddamar da sabon sigar injin Wankel, mai suna SkyActiv-R. Wannan sabon injin zai sake dawowa a cikin wanda aka dade ana jira ga Mazda RX-8, wanda aka bayyana a Baje kolin Motoci na Tokyo.

Injin Wankel suna cikin koshin lafiya kuma an ba da shawarar, in ji Mazda. Dogarowar alamar Hiroshima a cikin samar da wannan gine-ginen injin yana motsawa ta hanyar sha'awar tabbatar da ingancin wannan bayani kuma ya nuna cewa yana yiwuwa a yi shi daban. A cikin kalmomin Ikuo Maeda, darektan ƙirar duniya na Mazda, "samfurin RX zai zama da gaske RX idan yana da Wankel". Bari wannan RX ya fito daga can…