Yana da dabi'a cewa nan da nan muna danganta injunan Wankel da Mazda. Shekaru da yawa shine kawai masana'anta don yin fare akan waɗannan injunan marasa piston. Felix Wankel ya ba da izini a cikin 1929, a cikin 50s ne kawai za mu ga samfurin farko na wannan injin na'ura mai juyi..
Duk da haka, Mazda ba ita ce ta farko da ta fara amfani da irin wannan injin ba. A da, wasu samfuran sun ƙirƙira samfura har ma da ƙirar ƙira tare da injin Wankel. Mu hadu dasu?
Zai yiwu mafi mashahuri model don amfani da Rotary engine ba tare da Mazda alama ce Mercedes-Benz C111.
NSU
Mun fara da NSU, wani kamfanin kera motoci da babura na Jamus, domin ita ce ta farko da ta fara sayar da mota mai injin rotary.
NSU tana da Felix Wankel a cikin tawagarta, inda injin rotary ya sami tabbataccen “siffa”, tare da samfurin farko da ya bayyana a cikin 1957. Alamar Jamus daga baya ta ba da lasisi ga sauran masana'antun - Alfa Romeo, American Motors, Citroën, Ford, General Motors , Mazda, Mercedes-Benz, Nissan, Porsche, Rolls-Royce, Suzuki da Toyota.
Amma na farko mota tare da na'ura mai juyi engine zai zahiri zama daga Jamus iri: da NSU Spider . Dangane da NSU Sport Prinz Coupé, wannan ƙaramin ɗan hanya, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 1964, ya dora Wankel na rotor guda 498 cm3 a bayansa.
NSU Spider
NSU Spider : rotor daya, 498 cm3, 50 hp a 5500 rpm, 72 Nm a 2500 rpm, 700 kg, raka'a 2375 da aka samar.
Na biyu model ya fi m, muna magana game da NSU Ro80 An gabatar da shi a cikin 1967. Salon iyali, tare da ƙirar ƙira da fasaha sosai don lokacinsa. Ya lashe kyautar kyautar mota ta Turai a 1968.
Biyan kuɗi zuwa wasiƙarmu
Ro80 kuma zai zama motar da za ta kawo ƙarshen NSU. Me yasa? Babban farashin ci gaba da rashin dogaron injin Wankel. Sake gina injin da bai wuce kilomita 50,000 ba ya zama ruwan dare—kayan da aka yi sassa na rotor vertex daga gare su ya haifar da matsalolin rufewa tsakanin na'ura da bangon ɗakunan ciki. An kuma wuce gona da iri kan yadda ake amfani da mai da mai.
Volkswagen zai sha NSU a 1969, yana haɗa shi da Audi. Alamar ta ci gaba da kasancewa har zuwa ƙarshen kasuwancin kasuwancin Ro80, amma duka biyun sun ɓace a cikin 1977.
NSU Ro80
NSU Ro80 : bi-rotor, 995 cm3, 115 hp a 5500 rpm, 159 Nm a 4500 rpm, 1225 kg, 12.5s daga 0-100 km / h, 180 km / h babban gudun, 37 398 raka'a samar.
citron
Citroën ya kafa haɗin gwiwa tare da NSU, wanda ya haifar da Comotor, alamar da aka ƙirƙira don haɓakawa da sayar da injunan Wankel. Injin rotary yayi daidai kamar safar hannu a cikin hoton avantgarde na alamar Faransa. Don tantance yuwuwar shawarwarin, Citroën ya samo jikin coupé daga Ami 8, yana sanye shi da dakatarwar hydropneumatic kuma ya kira sabon samfurin a M35 . An samar da shi akan ƙayyadaddun tsari tsakanin 1969 da 1971 kuma an ba da shi ga abokan cinikin da aka zaɓa.
Duk wanda ya karbi motar zai yi tafiyar kilomita 60,000 a kowace shekara, tare da cikakken garantin injin na shekaru biyu. Bayan lokacin amfani, yawancin M35 za a sake siyan su ta alamar da za a lalata. Kadan ya rage, kuma waɗannan "'yan" sun tsira da godiya ga abokan ciniki waɗanda suka sanya hannu kan kwangilar da suka dauki nauyin kula da samfurin.
Farashin M35
Farashin M35 : daya rotor, 995 cm3, 50 horsepower a 5500 rpm, 69 Nm a 2750 rpm, 267 raka'a samar.
M35 zai zama dakin gwaje-gwaje na birgima ga GS Birotor . An ƙaddamar da shi a cikin 1973, kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, an sanye shi da injin bi-rotor Wankel, daidai gwargwado iri ɗaya da NSU Ro80. Kamar Ro80, wannan samfurin yana da alamar rashin aminci da yawan amfani - tsakanin 12 da 20 l / 100 km. Siffar da ba ta da kyau a lokutan rikicin mai. Ya sayar da kadan kuma kamar M35, alamar Faransa za ta saya mafi yawan GS Birotor don halakar da su, don kada a yi la'akari da samar da sassan gaba.
Citroen GS Birotor : bi-rotor, 995 cm3, 107 hp a 6500 rpm, 140 Nm a 3000 rpm, raka'a 846 aka samar.
GM (General Motors)
GM kawai ya makale tare da samfuri. An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje don tantance yuwuwar injin RC2-206 a cikin ƙaramin Chevrolet Vega, amma samfuran ne suka bincika hasashen Corvette tare da injin baya na tsakiyar kewayon wanda ya shiga tarihi.
Biyu daga cikin waɗannan samfuran an sanye su da injin Wankel. THE XP-897 GT , wanda aka gabatar a cikin 1972, ya kasance samfurin tare da ƙananan ƙananan, tare da tushe (gyara) ya fito daga Porsche 914 kuma tare da Pininfarina kuma yana da hannu a cikin ci gabanta.
Chevrolet XP-897 GT
Chevrolet XP-897 GT : bi-rotor, 3.4 l, 150 hp a 6000 rpm, 169 Nm a 4000 rpm.
Sauran samfurin, wanda aka gabatar a cikin 1973, shine XP-895 , kuma ya samo asali ne na XP-882, samfurin 1969. Injinsa ya kasance sakamakon haɗuwa da injuna biyu na XP-897 GT.
70s sun kasance alamar matsalar mai da yawan amfani da kuma rashin tabbas tabbas sun kashe injin Wankel a GM.
Chevrolet XP-895
Chevrolet XP-895 : tetra-rotor, 6.8 l, 420 dawakai.
Kamfanin Motoci na Amurka (AMC)
An fi sanin AMC da ban mamaki bugun zuciya , wani ɗan ƙaramin zaɓi ga gigantism da motocin Amurka suka sha wahala. An haɓaka shi a farkon 70s, ana tsammanin samun injin Wankel, sakamakon haɗin gwiwa tsakanin NSU da Curtiss-Wright.
Hakan ba zai faru ba. Kamar GM, AMC ya daina kan Wankels a tsakiyar shekaru goma, kuma dole ne ya sake tsara Pacer sosai don dacewa da GM inline-Silinder shida a gabansa.
Mercedes-Benz
Wataƙila mafi shahararren samfurin don amfani da injin rotor ba tare da alamar Mazda ba shine Mercedes-Benz C111 . Nadi na C111 zai gano jerin samfuran da suka yi aiki a matsayin dakin gwaje-gwaje don mafi yawan fasahohin fasaha, gami da sabbin nau'ikan injuna - ba kawai injunan Wankel ba har ma da injunan turbocharged na al'ada da injunan Diesel.
Gabaɗaya za a sami nau'ikan C111 guda huɗu. An gabatar da na farko a shekarar 1969 da na biyu a shekarar 1970, dukkansu tare da injinan rotor.
Nau'in na biyu zai ma musanya Wankel da injin dizal. Na uku ya ajiye Diesel, na hudu kuma ya musanya shi da wani Twin-Turbo petrol V8. Na ƙarshe, tare da V8, ya karya jerin rikodin saurin gudu, yana nuna 403.78 km / h na C111/IV, wanda aka samu a cikin 1979.
Mercedes-Benz C111, 1969
Mercedes-Benz C111 : tri-rotor, 1.8 l, 280 hp a 7000 rpm, akai-akai 294 Nm tsakanin 5000 da 6000 rpm.
Mercedes-Benz C111, 1970
Mercedes-Benz C111/II : tetra-rotor, 2.4 l, 350 hp a 7000 rpm, akai-akai 392 Nm tsakanin 4000 da 5500 rpm, 290 km/h babban gudun.