Tsarin tuƙi mai aiki don gatari na baya, wanda aka haɗa tare da tsarin tuƙi na mota, yana ba da ƙarin abubuwan hawa: daga Porsche 911 GT3/RS zuwa Ferrari 812 Superfast ko ma sabuwar Renault Mégane RS.
Waɗannan tsarin ba sababbi ba ne. Tun daga tsarin tuƙi na farko zuwa sabon tsarin aiki, hanyar bunƙasa da kuma kayyade farashin wannan fasaha ya daɗe, amma ZF ta haɓaka abin da zai zama na'urar tuƙi na farko don samar da cikakkiyar kayan aikin motoci.
Sharuɗɗan la'akari, ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun masana'antun kayan aikin mota a duniya ( take na 8 a jere a cikin 2015), ZF, ya canza tsarin tuƙi mai aiki don gatari na baya tare da juyin halitta na tsarin da suka gabata, mai rahusa da ƙarancin rikitarwa.
Menene tsarin tuƙi na ZF ya ƙunshi?
Acronyms da nomenclatures baya, za mu ga samfuran da yawa suna amfani da tushen tsarin tuƙi na ZF, wanda a ciki ake kira AKC (Active Kinematics Control). Daga alama zuwa alama, yana canza sunan amma zai kasance tsarin iri ɗaya.
Sunan ZF ya ba shi har ma yana ba mu kyakkyawar fahimta game da yanayin wannan tsarin. Daga ikon kinematic sojojin, za mu iya nan da nan gane cewa tsarin aiki a kan karfi motsi, amma ba mu so mu tsaya a kan al'amurran da suka shafi Applied Physics ko Basics na Classical Mechanics. Don Allah kar…
Ana sarrafa wannan tsarin ta hanyar tsarin sarrafawa (ECS) wanda ke kula da sarrafa rayayye, ta hanyar sigogi da aka karɓa ta hanyar na'urori masu auna saurin gudu, kusurwar ƙafafun da motsi na sitiya - duk ayyuka a cikin bambancin kusurwar ƙafar ƙafa a kan ƙafafun baya.
Wannan bambance-bambancen guda ɗaya a cikin kusurwar haɗuwa na ƙafafun baya na iya tafiya zuwa 3º na bambanci tsakanin bambance-bambance masu kyau da mara kyau. Wato tare da kusurwa mara kyau, ƙafafun da aka gani daga sama suna da madaidaicin madaidaici wanda ya zama V, inda ƙarshen wannan V guda ɗaya yake wakiltar kusurwa a 0 °, yana nuna buɗewar ƙafafun a waje. Akasin haka yana faruwa a kusurwa mai kyau, inda daidaitawar ƙafar yatsan yatsan yatsan hannu ya zama Λ, yana ƙaddamar da kusurwar dabaran ciki.
Ta yaya tsarin ZF AKC ke sarrafa ya bambanta kusurwar yatsan hannu akan ƙafafun axle na baya?
Kamar tsarin da ya gabata, duk suna amfani da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa ko lantarki. ZF's electrohydraulic ne kuma yana da nau'i daban-daban guda biyu: ko kamar yadda tsakiya ko biyu actuator . A cikin yanayin manyan abubuwan hawa, ana amfani da masu kunna wutar lantarki na lantarki da aka sanya a kan dakatarwar kowace dabaran.
A haƙiƙa, lokacin da motocin ke sanye da na'urori biyu, suna maye gurbin hannun dakatarwa na sama, inda wani hannun crosslink ya haɗu da na sama. Ayyukan masu kunnawa suna amsawa kai tsaye ga bayanai daga tsarin sarrafa ECS wanda, a ainihin lokacin, ya bambanta kusurwar haɗuwa na ƙafafun axle na baya.
Ta yaya tsarin ZF AKC yake aiki?
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, shigarwar da muke bayarwa ga sitiyari, kusurwar juyawa na gaba da sauri, yana ba da damar tsarin sarrafa ECS don ƙayyade bambancin tsarin tuƙi mai aiki. A aikace, a ƙananan gudu ko a cikin motsa jiki, tsarin tuƙi mai aiki yana bambanta kusurwar ƙafafun baya a gaban gaba, rage kusurwar juyawa da kuma fifita filin ajiye motoci a layi daya.
Lokacin tuki a cikin sauri mafi girma (daga 60 km / h) abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin tuƙi mai aiki yana tabbatar da ƙarin kwanciyar hankali a sasanninta. A wannan mataki ƙafafun na baya suna juyawa a hanya ɗaya da ƙafafun gaba.
Lokacin da abin hawa ke tuka ba tare da wani motsi na sitiyari ba, tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik yana ɗauka cewa ba a amfani da shi, don haka adana ƙarfin kuzari. A zahiri, tsarin tuƙi mai aiki na ZF shine tsarin “Steering on Demand”, amma kuma tsarin “Power on Demand” ne.
ZF ya ɗauki shekaru don ƙaddamar da wannan tsarin tuƙi mai aiki kuma Porsche yana ɗaya daga cikin masana'antun farko don tara wannan sabon ƙarni na tuƙi mai aiki a matsayin jerin a cikin 2014. A cikin 2015, bayan shekara guda na tsarin balagagge, Ferrari ya bi wannan hanya. A nan gaba zai iya zama kusan dukkanin nau'ikan wasanni da aka ba da daidaituwa na maganin fasaha wanda ZF ya haɓaka.