SKYACTIV-X. Peb twb tau sim combustion engine ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej

Anonim

Nyob rau lub sij hawm thaum zoo tag nrho cov kev lag luam zoo li txiav txim siab mus kaw lub internal combustion engine rau cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, Mazda mus ... tawm tsam cov nplej! Zoo siab.

Nws tsis yog thawj zaug Mazda ua nws, thiab lub sijhawm kawg nws yog lawm. Puas yuav zoo li qub? Cov neeg Nyij Pooj ntseeg li ntawd.

Qhov kev txiav txim siab mus txuas ntxiv betting rau combustion engine tau tshaj tawm xyoo tas los, los ntawm cov tiam tshiab ntawm SKYACTIV-X xyaw. Thiab peb muaj lub sijhawm los paub txog lub tshuab tshiab SKYACTIV-X, nyob thiab xim, ua ntej nws tuaj txog ntawm kev ua lag luam xyoo 2019.

Tias yog vim li cas koj mus xyuas Reason Automotive txhua hnub, puas yog?

Npaj txhij! Cov kab lus yuav ntev thiab technical. Yog tias koj mus txog qhov kawg koj yuav tau them nyiaj…

Combustion cav? Thiab cov hluav taws xob?

Lub neej yav tom ntej yog hluav taws xob, thiab Mazda cov thawj coj kuj pom zoo nrog cov lus ntawd. Tab sis lawv tsis pom zoo rau qhov kev kwv yees uas muab lub cav hluav taws xob "tuag"… nag hmo!

Lo lus tseem ceeb ntawm no yog "yav tom ntej". Kom txog rau thaum 100% hluav taws xob tsheb yog qhov tshiab "ib txwm", kev hloov pauv mus rau thoob ntiaj teb kev siv hluav taws xob yuav siv sijhawm ntau xyoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv kuj tseem yuav tau loj hlob, yog li cov lus cog tseg ntawm xoom emissions los ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob tsis yog kev txaj muag.

Lub caij no, nws yuav mus txog rau "laus" lub cav combustion sab hauv los ua ib qho ntawm cov tsav tsheb tseem ceeb ntawm kev txo qis CO2 emissions nyob rau hauv luv luv thiab nruab nrab lub sij hawm - nws yuav mus txuas ntxiv yog hom cav feem ntau rau ntau xyoo tom ntej. Thiab yog li ntawd peb yuav tsum txhim kho nws txuas ntxiv mus. Mazda tau ua raws li nws lub luag haujlwm kom rho tawm ntau npaum li qhov ua tau los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv kev ua kom qis qis dua.

"Kev cog lus rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev daws teeb meem yog lub sijhawm", raws li Mazda muab tso rau, tsav lub lag luam nyob rau hauv ib qho kev tshawb nrhiav tas li rau qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws - tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm daim ntawv, tab sis ib qho uas ua haujlwm hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag. . Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no uas SKYACTIV-X tshwm sim, nws lub tshiab thiab txawm revolutionary internal combustion engine.

SKYACTIV-X
SKYACTIV-X haum rau SKYACTIV Lub Cev. Lub thawv nyob rau pem hauv ntej yog qhov chaw compressor nyob.

Yog vim li cas revolutionary?

Tsuas yog vim hais tias SKYACTIV-X yog thawj lub cav roj av muaj peev xwm ntawm compression ignition - ib yam li Diesel xyaw... zoo, yuav luag zoo li Diesel xyaw, tab sis peb tawm.

Compression ignition - uas yog, huab cua / roj sib tov txhais tau tias tam sim ntawd, tsis muaj lub txim hluav taws xob, thaum compressed los ntawm lub piston - nyob rau hauv roj av xyaw yog ib qho ntawm "dawb huv grail" caum los ntawm engineers. Qhov no yog vim compression ignition yog xav tau ntau dua: nws sai dua, tam sim ntawd hlawv tag nrho cov roj nyob rau hauv lub combustion chamber, tso cai rau koj mus ua hauj lwm ntau dua nrog tib lub zog, uas ua rau ntau efficiency.

Qhov ceev combustion kuj tso cai rau leaner cua / roj sib tov nyob rau hauv lub combustion chamber, uas yog, tus nqi ntawm cov pa ntau dua li cov roj. Qhov zoo yog yooj yim to taub: combustion tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qis kub, ua rau NOx tsawg (nitrogen oxides), thiab muaj tsawg nkim zog thaum lub engine sov so.

SKYACTIV-X, lub cav
SKYACTIV-X, nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws lub yeeb koob

Cov teeb meem

Tab sis compression ignition hauv roj av tsis yooj yim - tsis yog tias nws tsis tau sim los ntawm lwm cov neeg tsim khoom nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg tau los nrog cov kev daws teeb meem uas tuaj yeem ua lag luam.

Homogeneous Compression Ignition Charging (HCCI), lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm compression ignition, tam sim no tsuas yog ua tiav ntawm lub cav qis thiab qis qis, yog li qhov ua tau zoo, qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (ntsej ntsaws) tseem tsim nyog rau kev tswj hwm siab thiab thauj khoom. . Lwm qhov teeb meem loj yog tswj thaum compression ignition tshwm sim.

Qhov kev sib tw yog, yog li ntawd, kom muaj peev xwm hloov pauv ntawm ob hom hluav taws xob hauv kev sib haum xeeb, uas yuam Mazda txhim kho thiab tswj ntau yam uas tso cai rau cov roj av thiab cov roj sib xyaw ua ke compression ignition.

Txoj kev daws teeb meem

Lub sijhawm "eureka" - lossis puas yog lub sijhawm thaum muaj lub txim? ba dum tss… - uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los daws cov teeb meem no, tau tshwm sim thaum Mazda engineers sib tw lub tswv yim zoo uas combustion los ntawm compression tsis xav tau lub txim hluav taws xob: "Yog tias qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv sib txawv yog qhov nyuaj, puas yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, Peb puas yuav tsum ua qhov kev hloov pauv no tiag tiag?” Ntawm no yog lub hauv paus ntawm SPCCI system - SPark-Controlled Compression Ignition.

Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, txawm rau combustion los ntawm compression, Mazda siv lub txim plugs, cia ib tug du kev hloov ntawm combustion los ntawm compression thiab spark combustion. Tab sis yog tias koj siv lub txim hluav taws xob nws tseem tuaj yeem hu ua compression combustion?

Tau kawg! Qhov no yog vim lub txim hluav taws xob ua haujlwm, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, raws li kev tswj hwm txheej txheem thaum combustion los ntawm compression tshwm sim. Hauv lwm lo lus, qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm SPCCI yog tias nws siv txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog lub sijhawm siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Peb tuaj yeem npuaj peb txhais tes? Peb ua tau!

SKYACTIV-X. Peb twb tau sim combustion engine ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej 3775_5

Lub hom phiaj

Lub cav tau tsim nyob rau hauv xws li kev tsim kom muaj qhov tsim nyog ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv lub combustion chamber, mus rau qhov chaw uas cov huab cua / roj sib tov - ntshiv heev, 37: 1, txog 2.5 npaug ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv lub cav pa roj av. - nyob rau ntawm verge ntawm ignition ntawm saum toj kawg nkaus qhov chaw tuag. Tab sis nws yog lub txim hluav taws xob los ntawm lub txim hluav taws xob uas pib qhov txheej txheem.

Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ib qho me me, huab cua zoo dua / roj sib xyaw (29: 1), txhaj rau tom qab theem, uas ua rau muaj hluav taws kub. Qhov no ntxiv ua rau kom lub siab thiab kub nyob rau hauv lub combustion chamber, thiaj li hais tias cov lean sib tov, twb nyob ze rau lub point uas nws yog npaj txhij rau detonate, tsis tiv thiab ignites yuav luag instantly.

Qhov kev tswj hluav taws xob no ua rau kuv txaj muag. Mazda muaj peev xwm ua qhov no ntawm 5000 rpm thiab kuv tsis tuaj yeem teeb lub barbecue thaum xub thawj…

Ib qho kev daws teeb meem uas tam sim no zoo li pom tseeb, tab sis qhov xav tau tshiab "tricks":

  • cov roj yuav tsum tau txhaj ntawm ob lub sij hawm sib txawv, ib qho rau cov ntshiv sib tov uas yuav tsum tau compressed thiab lwm yam rau qhov sib tov me ntsis uas yuav tsum tau ignited los ntawm lub txim plug.
  • Cov roj txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum muaj lub siab siab, kom tso cai rau lub vaporization sai thiab atomization ntawm cov roj, dispersing nws tam sim ntawd thoob plaws hauv lub tog raj kheej, txo lub sij hawm compression.
  • tag nrho cov thooj voos kheej kheej muaj lub siab sensor, uas tas li saib xyuas cov kev tswj tau hais los saum toj no, them nyiaj, nyob rau lub sijhawm, rau txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev xav tau.
  • siv lub compressor - yog cov khoom tseem ceeb kom compression siab, raws li SKYACTIV-X siv lub voj voog Miller, uas txo qis compression, tso cai rau qhov xav tau lean sib tov. Lub zog ntxiv thiab lub zog yog qhov zoo siab txais tos.
SKYACTIV-X, cav

Rov qab

Cov txiaj ntsig

SPCCI system tso cai rau kev nthuav dav ntawm combustion los ntawm compression nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau ntawm kev tswj hwm, yog li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm ntau dua hauv kev siv ntau dua. Piv nrog rau tam sim no SKYACTIV-G, lub hom cog lus qis qis ntawm 20 mus rau 30% nyob ntawm kev siv . Lub hom phiaj hais tias SKYACTIV-X tuaj yeem sib tw thiab txawm tias dhau qhov kev lag luam roj ntawm nws tus kheej SKYACTIV-D diesel cav.

Lub compressor tso cai rau kom tau txais siab dua, ua kom lub cav zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm. Qhov kev ua tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv ntau qhov dav ntawm revs kuj tso cai rau koj khiav ntawm ntau dua revs, qhov twg muaj ntau lub zog muaj thiab lub cav cov lus teb yog superior.

Txawm hais tias muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm, qhov kev siv tas li ntawm lub tswm ciab muaj, nthuav dav, tso cai rau kev tsim qauv yooj yim - tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv lossis qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov compression yog tsim nyog - thiab zoo dua, lub cav no khiav ntawm 95 roj av , raws li tsawg octane zoo dua rau compression ignition.

SKYACTIV-X prototype

Thaum kawg, qab lub log

Cov ntawv nyeem twb ntev heev, tab sis nws yog tsim nyog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias yog vim li cas tag nrho cov "buzz" nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cav no - nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua ntej thaum nws los txog rau combustion engine. Peb yuav tsum tau tos kom txog rau thaum 2019 los txheeb xyuas tag nrho Mazda thov txog nws, tab sis xav txog qhov tau cog lus tseg thiab ua qauv qhia nrog SKYACTIV-G, kev cia siab yog siab rau SKYACTIV-X kom xa txhua yam nws tau cog lus ua.

Hmoov zoo, peb twb muaj lub sijhawm rau kev xeem ntxov. Kev sib cuag nrog SKYACTIV-X-tsim qauv, muab zais hauv qab Mazda3 lub cev paub, tau pom, txawm hais tias nws muaj tsawg lossis tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog cov paub Mazda3 - kuj yog lub hauv paus architecture nyob rau hauv lub cev yog tam sim no thib ob tiam.

SKYACTIV lub cev

SKYACTIV kuj tseem muaj lub ntsiab lus nrog lub platform tshiab / qauv / lub cev daws teeb meem. Cov tiam tshiab no tau cog lus ntau dua torsional rigidity, qis qis ntawm lub suab nrov, kev co thiab hnyav (NVH - suab nrov, kev co thiab hnyav) thiab txawm tias cov rooj zaum tshiab tau tsim, cog lus tias yuav ua rau muaj kev nplij siab ntau dua.

Peb tau tsav ob lub qauv ntawm cov qauv - ib qho nrog phau ntawv qhia gearbox thiab lwm qhov nrog lub gearbox tsis siv neeg, ob qho tib si nrog rau 6 speeds - thiab peb tseem tuaj yeem sib piv qhov sib txawv nrog 165hp Mazda3 2.0 tam sim no nrog phau ntawv gearbox, kom pom kev zoo dua. sib txawv. Luckily nws yog thawj lub tsheb uas kuv tsav tsheb, tso cai rau kuv mus xyuas lub cav zoo / lub thawv (phau ntawv) teeb.

SKYACTIV-X prototype

Qhov txawv ntawm SKYACTIV-X (lub cav ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej) thiab SKYACTIV-G (lub cav ntawm hnub no) tsis tuaj yeem pom tseeb. Mazda lub cav tshiab yog lub zog ntau dua tsis hais txog ntawm qhov sib txawv - qhov ntxiv torque muaj yog qhov pom tseeb zoo nkauj. Zoo li "G", "X" yog 2.0 litre chav tsev, tab sis nrog cov naj npawb juicier. Mazda tsom rau lub zog ntawm ib ncig ntawm 190 hp - uas yog pom, thiab zoo, ntawm txoj kev.

Nws xav tsis thoob los ntawm nws cov lus teb, los ntawm cov kev tswj hwm qis tshaj plaws, tab sis qhov kev qhuas zoo tshaj plaws uas koj tuaj yeem them rau lub cav, yog tias txawm tias yog ib chav nyob hauv kev loj hlob, nws twb convinces ntau tshaj li ntau lub cav ntawm kev ua lag luam.

Cov kev ntshai uas, raws li muaj compression ignition zoo li Diesel, nws yuav coj tau ib co ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm hom cav no, xws li ntau inertia, luv luv ntawm kev siv, los yog txawm lub suab, twb unfounded kiag li. Yog hais tias qhov no yog yav tom ntej ntawm combustion engines, tuaj rau!

SKYACTIV-X. Peb twb tau sim combustion engine ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej 3775_10
Duab ntawm sab hauv. (Credit: CNET)

Sab hauv ntawm tus qauv - kom meej meej sab hauv ntawm lub tsheb nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob - tuaj nrog ib tug screen positioned saum toj no lub console nrog peb lub voj voog. Cov no tawm los yog nyob rau, nyob ntawm seb hom hluav taws kub los yog sib tov uas tshwm sim:

  • 1 - spark ignition
  • 2 - compression ignition
  • 3 - leaner huab cua / roj sib tov uas qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws tau txais

"Me" cav rau Portugal?

Aberrant Portuguese se yuav ua rau lub cav no yog qhov kev xaiv marginal. Lub peev xwm 2.0 litre yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau ntau qhov laj thawj, tsis tsawg vim tias nws yog qhov muaj peev xwm lees paub zoo hauv ntau lub khw hauv ntiaj teb. Cov kws ua haujlwm lub luag haujlwm rau SKYACTIV-X tau hais tias lwm lub peev xwm muaj peev xwm ua tau, tab sis tam sim no nws tsis yog nyob rau hauv lub hom phiaj los tsim cov cav nrog lub peev xwm qis dua 2.0 litres.

Ntau yam xwm txheej uas compression-ignition tshwm sim - zoo nkauj heev tsuas yog hloov mus rau qhov hluav taws kub, thaum tshawb xyuas lub cav nrawm dua lossis thaum peb tsoo lub throttle down - yog qhov zoo siab.

Raws li rau hom 3, nws xav tau kom muaj kev tswj hwm kev tsav tsheb ntau dua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov phau ntawv gearbox, qhov uas nws tau ua pov thawj nyuaj - lossis tsis muaj kev nkag siab ntawm txoj cai ko taw - kom nws tshwm sim ntawm qhov screen. Lub tshuab qhia tsis siv neeg - scaling rau North American lag luam -, txawm hais tias tsis tshua muaj qab ntxiag rau siv, ua kom yooj yim dua rau "teeb" lub voj voog 3.

Kev noj haus? Peb tsis paub!

Kuv tau nug, tab sis tsis muaj leej twg tuaj nrog cov lej. Lub khoos phis tawj on-board tau "tso tawm tswv yim" npog nrog daim kab xev nplaum, yog li tam sim no peb tsuas yog tso siab rau lub hom phiaj cov lus.

Daim ntawv kawg rau cov qauv uas twb yog ib feem ntawm cov qauv tshiab - nruj dua thiab tso cai rau ntau qib ntawm kev kho kom zoo sab hauv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis txhob hnov qab tias cov no yog cov qauv kev txhim kho, yog li nws yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov no tau ua kom zoo dua qub thiab tsis muaj suab nrov dua li cov khoom tam sim no Mazda3 - tiam tom ntej cog lus ...

New Mazda3 los ua thawj SKYACTIV-X

Kai Concept
Kai Concept. Tsis txhob thab plaub ntxiv lawm thiab tsim Mazda 3 zoo li ntawd.

Feem ntau, Mazda3 yuav yog thawj tus qauv kom tau txais lub tswv yim tshiab SKYACTIV-X, yog li nws tsis yog txog rau qee lub sijhawm hauv 2019 uas peb yuav tuaj yeem pom lub tshuab ua haujlwm tau zoo.

Raws li kev tsim qauv, Kevin Rice, tus thawj coj ntawm Mazda lub chaw tsim qauv European, tau hais rau peb tias tag nrho qhov zoo ntawm Kai Concept yog tsim tau, txhais tau tias nws tsis deb dhau ntawm qhov kawg version ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej Mazda3 - tsis nco qab nws yog mega-log, mini- rear saib iav los yog pom optics…

85-90% ntawm Kai Concept txoj kev tsim qauv tuaj yeem mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom.

Koj tau mus txog qhov kawg ntawm tsab xov xwm… kawg!

Cov lus cog tseg yuav dhau los, Rui Veloso twb tau hais lawm. Yog li ntawm no yog ib hom kev them nyiaj. Ib qho epic kamehameha nco txog cov xwm txheej hauv cov chav sib txuas ntawm SKYACTIV-X lub cav.

Nyeem ntxiv