Chifukwa chokhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vuto la mafuta mu 1973, dziko la US linayamba kwa zaka khumi zonse kufufuza njira zothetsera mavuto zomwe sizingapangitse magalimoto kukhala okwera mtengo komanso kusiya mafuta onse, ndipo zinali choncho pamene Renault 12 "anawoloka" ndi NASA.
Wogulitsidwa ku US, mtundu wa Gallic unali m'modzi mwa omwe adasankhidwa kukhala gawo la projekiti ya NASA ya ERDA, pulojekiti yomwe bungwe lomwe lidatengera munthu kupita ku mwezi zaka zingapo m'mbuyomo lidafuna kupeza kuthekera kwamalonda kwamitundu yamagetsi ndi haibridi.
Kuti izi zitheke, Renault 12 ya "North America" (yodziwika mosavuta chifukwa cha nyali zake ziwiri ndi mabampu akuluakulu) inasinthidwa kukhala chitsanzo cha 100% chamagetsi ndi kampani "EVA" (Electric Vehicle Associates).
Yakhazikitsidwa mu 1974 m'chigawo cha US ku Ohio, kampaniyi idadzipereka kuti isinthe mitundu yokhala ndi injini zoyaka moto kukhala magalimoto amagetsi, mothandizidwa ndi US Department of Energy, yomwe, monga tidakuwuzani, idafuna kudziwa ngati magalimoto amagetsi anali nawo. "miyendo kuyenda".
EVA Metro
Popanda kupangidwa mwalamulo ndi Renault, magetsi 12 adasintha dzina lake, kudziwika kuti EVA Metro. Yokhala ndi mabatire 19 6-volt lead-acid acid pansi pa hood ndi thunthu, EVA Metro inkalemera makilogalamu 500 kuposa Renault 12, ndi sikelo yolemera 1429 kg.
Kuti asunthire misa yonseyi, EVA adapanga 12 (pepani, Metro) ndi injini yamagetsi ya 13 hp yomwe inalola kuti ifike pamtunda wa 90 km / h ndikuthamangira ku 50 km / h mumasekondi 12. Kutumiza kunkayang'anira ma gearbox othamanga atatu.
Ponena za kudziyimira pawokha, zidawonetsa ukadaulo womwe udalipo panthawiyo. Ndi ndalama zonse (zomwe zinatenga pafupifupi maola asanu ndi limodzi pa 220V) EVA Metro inkatha kuyenda pakati pa 65 ndi 100 km.
Ndipo ngati mumaganiza kuti kubwereka mabatire kwa magalimoto amagetsi a Renault ndi "chotopetsa", muyenera kudziwa kuti mabatire agalimoto yamagetsi ya Renault 12 amafunikira kuwonjezera nthawi zonse kwamadzi osungunuka ngati njira yokonzera.
Mayeso
Umboni wina wa kusinthika kodabwitsa kwa magalimoto amagetsi m'zaka zaposachedwa ndi mbiri yodalirika ya EVA Metro mu mayeso a NASA (omwe zotsatira zake zitha kufunsidwa pano).
Kuyesedwa mu 1975 ndi 1976 (ndi injini zatsopano ndi zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi batri), EVA Metro inayamba chidwi mu mayesero odziyimira pawokha: pa liwiro lokhazikika la 40 km / h inaphimba 91 km, pamene liwiro linakwera mpaka 56 km. / h kudzilamulira kwake kunali 57 km ndipo ngakhale ndi speedometer yokhazikika pa 85 km / h amatha kuyenda 45 km.
Musaiwale kuti zonsezi zidakwaniritsidwa kale mabatire amakono a lithiamu-ion ndi machitidwe obwezeretsanso braking. Komabe, pankhani yodalirika zinthu sizinayende bwino.
Zonsezi, pa mayesero kunali koyenera kusintha injini ya EVA Metro kanayi. Ngakhale zinali choncho, zinali zotheka kuona kuti mabatire akale a 6 volt lead-acid amatha kupirira ma kilomita 45,000, komanso kuchuluka kwakukulu poganizira kuti tinali m'ma 1970.
Ngakhale mayesowo anali abwino, EVA Metro sinapangidwe konse. Pazonse, magawo asanu ndi awiri okha adapangidwa (ogulitsidwa kwa anthu, makampani kapena kuperekedwa ku mayunivesite) ndipo awiri okha ndi omwe amadziwika. Mmodzi ali ku Canada ndipo wina ku US, atabwezeretsedwa.