Inde, kunena zoona, Yamaha si mlendo kudziko lamagalimoto. Wapereka kale injini za Formula 1, zomwe zinalungamitsa pafupifupi kubadwa kwa galimoto yake yoyamba, galimoto yopambana kwambiri ya OX99-11, ndipo inapanga injini zamtundu wina monga Ford kapena Volvo. Koma Yamaha monga mtundu kapena wopanga magalimoto ndizowona zomwe ziyenera kuchitika.
Lingaliro linavumbulutsidwa ku salon ya Tokyo yomwe ingasinthe kukhala chowonadi chopindulitsa kuyambira 2016. Yamaha Motiv, monga lingaliro lililonse lodzilemekeza, linayambitsidwa monga Motiv.e, lomwe liri ngati kunena, "tsogolo ndi magetsi ". Ndi galimoto yamzinda, yofanana ndi mawonekedwe a Smart Fortwo. Siwoyamba ndipo sichingakhale chomaliza chofanana ndi Smart yaying'ono, ndiye tiyenera kufunsa, kodi Yamaha Motiv ndi yotani, ndipo chifukwa chiyani mkangano wosangalatsa wotere ukupangidwa?
Gordon Murray ali kumbuyo kwa Motiv.e
Izi siziri chifukwa chokhala galimoto yoyamba ya mtunduwo, koma koposa zonse kwa munthu yemwe adayimba, Gordon Murray.
Sangadziwe Gordon Murray, koma ayenera kudziwa makinawo. McLaren F1 ndi "mwana" wake wotchuka kwambiri. Mukapanga chinthu chomwe chikadali cholemekezeka komanso chowonedwa ndi ambiri monga "Super Sports", nthawi zambiri mumatchera khutu ku sitepe iliyonse.
Gordon Murray, wophunzitsidwa uinjiniya wamakina, adadzipangira dzina mu Formula 1, atakhala mbali ya Brabham ndi McLaren, pomwe adapambana nawo mpikisano wa 1988, 1989 ndi 1990. zidakwaniritsa malingaliro ake osavuta komanso opepuka. Iye anali ndi gawo la chitukuko cha Mercedes SLR, amene anakhala, malinga ndi "malirime oipa", ntchito yomwe inamupangitsa kusiya McLaren.
Anamaliza kupanga kampani yakeyake mu 2007, Gordon Murray Design, yokhala ndi upangiri waukadaulo ndi upangiri wamagalimoto. Zinamuthandiza kupanga malingaliro ake angapo, omwe adadziwika bwino: kubwezeretsanso momwe magalimoto amapangidwira, ndi njira yotchedwa iStream.
iStream, ichi ndi chiyani?
Cholinga cha ndondomekoyi ndi kufewetsa ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalimoto. Kodi mumachita bwanji?
Pochotsa kupondaponda kwachitsulo ndi kuwotcherera komwe kumatulutsa ma monocoque wamba. Monga njira ina, imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe amtundu wa tubular, wophatikizidwa ndi mapanelo muzinthu zophatikizika (ndi teknoloji yochokera ku F1) ya makoma, denga ndi pansi. Yankho ili limakupatsani mwayi wophatikiza kupepuka, kukhazikika komanso milingo yotetezeka yofunikira. Ndipo m'malo mwa soldering, chirichonse ndi glued pamodzi, kupulumutsa kulemera ndi kupanga nthawi.
Kwa iwo omwe amakayikira za mphamvu ya guluu, izi sizatsopano mumakampani. Mwachitsanzo, Lotus Elise, adayambitsa ndondomekoyi m'zaka za m'ma 90, ndipo mpaka pano, sipanakhalepo nkhani ya Elise kugwa. Kunja mapanelo alibe structural ntchito, kukhala mu pulasitiki zinthu ndi chisanadze penti, kulola kusintha mwamsanga pazifukwa kukonza kapena mosavuta kusintha zina bodywork zosiyanasiyana.
Zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyanasiyana. Ndi njirayi, fakitale yongopeka imatha kutenga 1/5 yokha ya malo omwe fakitale wamba imagwira. Pochotsa makina osindikizira ndi kujambula, zimapulumutsa malo ndi ndalama. Kusinthasintha kwapang'onopang'ono kumakhalanso kwapamwamba, kupatsidwa kulekanitsa kwa mapangidwe ndi thupi, kulola kuti zikhale zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo popanga matupi osiyanasiyana pamzere wofanana wopangira.
Ngati Yamaha ankafuna kulowa dziko magalimoto, ndithudi anasankha bwenzi abwino. Motiv.e ndiye pulogalamu yoyamba yokonzekera kupanga ya Gordon Murray's iStream system. Tidadziwa kale ma prototypes angapo a Gordon Murray Design, omwe adawonetsa magwiridwe antchito, ndi mayina a T-25 (chithunzi pansipa) ndi magetsi T-27.
Yamaha Motiv idayamba ngati projekiti ya T-26. Chitukuko chidayambabe mu 2008, koma pomwe zovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi zidayamba, ntchitoyi idayimitsidwa, idangoyambiranso mu 2011, thanzi lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi likuwonetsa kuchira.
T-25 ndi T-27, ma prototypes enieni omwe alibe makongoletsedwe, ndipo amatsutsidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha izi, anali ndi mndandanda wazinthu zachilendo pamapangidwe awo. Zing'onozing'ono kuposa Yamaha Motiv, anali ndi mipando ya anthu atatu, ndi dalaivala ali pakati, monga McLaren F1. Zitseko zolowera mkati mwake zinali zodziwika chifukwa chosowa. M'malo zitseko, mbali ya kanyumba ananyamulira ndi kupendekeka kuyenda.
Chilimbikitso
Yamaha Motiv sanatengere mayankho ochititsa chidwiwa kuchokera ku T prototypes, mwatsoka. Zimakhala ndi mayankho ochiritsira monga: zitseko zolowera mkati, ndipo zili ndi malo awiri, mbali ndi mbali, monga mwa malamulo. Zosankha izi ndizomveka, chifukwa zidzapangitsa kuti msika ukhale wosavuta kuvomereza galimoto yatsopano yamtundu watsopano.
Kuwululidwa ku Tokyo Hall monga Motiv.e, ndi injini yamagetsi yomwe yanenedwayo, imagawana injini ndi T-27. Injini, yochokera ku Zytec, imapereka mphamvu yopitilira 34 hp. Zikuwoneka zazing'ono, koma ngakhale muzosiyana zamagetsi izi ndizochepa, 730 kg yokha kuphatikizapo mabatire. Poyerekeza, ndi 100 kg yocheperako kuposa Smart ForTwo yamakono. Mofanana ndi magalimoto ambiri amagetsi, ili ndi liwiro limodzi lokha, lolola kuti torque ifike pamtunda wa 896 Nm (!) pa gudumu.
Liwiro lapamwamba limangokhala 105 km/h, mathamangitsidwe a 0-100 km/h amakhala osakwana masekondi 15. Kudzilamulira komwe kunalengezedwa kuli pafupi ndi 160 km yeniyeni ndipo sikunatchulidwe. Nthawi yoyitanitsa ndi yotsika ngati maola atatu mnyumbamo kapena ola limodzi ndi makina ochapira mwachangu.
Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi mtundu womwe wakonzedwa kale ndi injini yamafuta ya 1.0 lita kuchokera ku Yamaha, kubwereketsa pakati pa 70 ndi 80 hp. Kuphatikizidwa ndi kulemera kochepa, titha kukhala pamaso pa mzinda wamoyo, ndi kuthamanga kuchokera ku 0-100 km / h mu masekondi 10 kapena kucheperapo, pansi pa mpikisano uliwonse wamatauni.
Kaya magetsi kapena petulo, monga Smart, injini ndi zokokera zili kumbuyo. Kuyimitsidwa kumakhala kodziyimira pawokha pazitsulo zonse ziwiri, kulemera kwake kumakhala kochepa ndipo mawilo ndi ochepa (mawilo 15 inchi okhala ndi matayala 135 kutsogolo ndi 145 kumbuyo) - chiwongolero sichifuna thandizo. Anthu a mumzinda omwe ali ndi chiwongolero?
Ili ndi kutalika kofanana ndi Smart ForTwo, 2.69 m, koma yocheperako ndi ma centimita asanu ndi anayi (1.47 m) ndi yayifupi ndi sikisi (1.48 m). M'lifupi mwake ndi woyenera kukhala pansi pa malamulo oyendetsera magalimoto aku Japan kei. Yamaha akuyembekeza kutumiza Motiv, koma choyamba iyenera kuchita bwino kunyumba.
Kumapeto kwa chaka chino, kapena kumayambiriro kwa chaka chotsatira, Yamaha adzalengeza mwalamulo kuvomereza kapena ayi. Monga tanenera kale, ngati zikupita patsogolo, Yamaha Motiv iyenera kuyamba kupangidwa mu 2016. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha chitukuko cha lingaliro, chiyenera kukhala nkhani ya mwambo. Ntchito yakumbuyo sikuyima.
Kuti tiwonetse kutsimikizika kwa yankho laukadaulo, ndikuwunika kusinthasintha kwake, titha kuwona pachithunzichi pansipa, chimango chotengedwa muvidiyo yotsatsira, kuchuluka kosiyanasiyana kotengera maziko omwewo. Kuchokera ku thupi lalitali lokhala ndi zitseko zisanu ndi mipando inayi kapena isanu, mpaka pamphambano wophatikizika, kupita kufupi, ma coupés amasewera ndi ma roadsters. Kusinthasintha ndi mawu owonetsetsa omwe amafunidwa pa nsanja iliyonse lero, ndipo ndondomeko ya iStream imatengera kumtunda kwatsopano, ndi mwayi wamtengo wapatali. Bwerani 2016!
