Tiyeni tibwerere ku June 1924. Malowa ndi Stockholm ndipo ndi nthawi ya chaka pomwe likulu la Sweden lili pabwino kwambiri. Kutentha kwapakati kumadutsa 21 ° C ndipo masiku amatha maola oposa 12 - kusiyana ndi nyengo yozizira sikungakhale kwakukulu.
Zinali motsutsana ndi izi pomwe mabwenzi awiri anthawi yayitali, Assar Gabrielsson ndi Gustav Larson, adalankhula koyamba za kuthekera koyambitsa mtundu wagalimoto. Mwina mawu oti "kulankhula" ndi osalakwa kwambiri pamaso pa cholinga chofuna kutchuka… koma tikupitiliza.
Miyezi iŵiri pambuyo pa kukambitsirana koyambako, pa August 24, Assar ndi Larson anakumananso. Malo osonkhanira? Malo odyera zam'madzi ku Stockholm.
Zinali pa imodzi mwa matebulo mu lesitilantiyi, yomwe inagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi lobster, kuti chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pamakampani oyendetsa galimoto zidasindikizidwa - popeza tidzakhala ndi mwayi wowona mu Zaka Zapadera za 90 za Volvo.
chiyambi cha ubwenzi
Tisanapitirize, tiyeni tikumbukire mmene nkhani ya amuna awiriwa inadutsirana. Assar Gabrielsson ndi Gustav Larson anakumana pa kampani yonyamula katundu, Svenska Kullagerfabriken (SKF).
Gabrielsson, womaliza maphunziro a Stockholm School of Economics, adagwira ntchito yayitali ku SKF, komwe adakhala ndi udindo wa General Director of Sales.
Larson adagwiranso ntchito ku SKF koma monga injiniya, komwe adachoka mu 1919 kupita kukagwira ntchito ku AB GALCO - yomwe ilinso ku Stockholm.
Gabrielsson ndi Larson sanali anthu ongodziwana chabe, panalinso chifundo chenicheni pakati pawo. Kuphatikiza apo, anali ndi luso lothandizirana. Gabrielsson anali ndi luso lazachuma komanso ukadaulo kuti apeze ndalama zopezera Volvo, pomwe Larson ankadziwa kupanga ndi kupanga galimoto.
Zolinga za Assar Gabrielsson (zabwino).
Podziwa kuphatikizika kumeneku mwaukadaulo komanso chifundo mwamunthu, monga momwe mungaganizire kale, sizinangochitika mwangozi kuti Assar Gabrielsson anasankha Gustav Larson kuti adye "lobster" yotchuka kwambiri.
Pambuyo pa njira yoyamba ija, Assar adafuna kudziwa ngati Gustav angavomere (kapena ayi) kukumbatirana naye ntchito yomwe inali yofuna kwambiri komanso yowopsa: adapeza mtundu woyamba wagalimoto yaku Sweden (SAAB idangowonekera mu 1949).
Akuti imfa ya mkazi wake pa ngozi ya galimoto inali kusowa kwa Assar Gabrielsson kuti apite patsogolo ndi ntchitoyi. Gustav Larson anavomereza vutolo.
ZOKHUDZANA: Special Car Ledger. Zaka 90 za Volvo.
Panali pa msonkhano umenewo pakati pa abwenzi awiriwa kuti mfundo za tsogolo la chizindikiro (zomwe zinalibe dzina) zinakhazikitsidwa. Masiku ano, zaka zoposa 90 pambuyo pake, Volvo amatsatirabe mfundo zomwezi.
"Chitsulo cha Sweden ndichabwino, koma misewu yaku Sweden ndiyabwino." | | Assar Gabrielsson m'buku la Thirty years of Volvo
Magalimoto anu anayenera kukhala odalirika . Mitundu yopangidwa ndi mitundu yaku Germany, Chingerezi ndi yaku America sinapangidwe kapena kukonzekera nyengo yovuta ya ku Scandinavia ndi misewu yoyipa yaku Sweden.
Kuwonjezera pa kukhala odalirika, magalimoto awo anayenera kukhala otetezeka. . Kuchuluka kwa ngozi m'misewu ya Swedish m'zaka za m'ma 1920 inali imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri za Gabrielsson ndi Larson - monga momwe tikuonera, nkhawa za chitetezo zakhalapo kuyambira chiyambi cha Volvo.
Kwa abwenzi awiriwa, magalimoto, monga chizindikiro cha kupita patsogolo ndi ufulu, anali ndi udindo wotetezedwa.
Kuyambira mawu kuchita
Mogwirizana ndi zolinga za polojekitiyi, tsiku lomwelo adadya nkhanu zodziwika bwino, Gabrielsson ndi Larson adasaina mgwirizano wapakamwa. Kuposa chaka chimodzi pambuyo pake, mgwirizanowo unasaina bwino, pa December 16, 1925. Mchitidwe woyamba waulemu.
Mgwirizanowu unkasonyeza, mwa zina, ntchito imene aliyense angachite pa ntchitoyi.
Gustav adayang'anira gawo la engineering. Iye anali ndi udindo wopanga chitsanzo choyamba, komanso kukonza ndondomeko ya ndalama za fakitale yatsopano. Ndi chenjezo limodzi: zidzabwezeredwa kokha ngati ndondomekoyo idapambana. Ndipo mwa kupambana kumatanthauza kupanga osachepera magalimoto a 100 ndi January 1, 1928. Ngozi yomwe adavomera kutenga chifukwa adakwanitsa kusunga ntchito yake ku AB Galco mofanana.
Nayenso, Assar Gabrielsson adaganiza zowopsa za polojekitiyi, pomwe adayika zonse zomwe adasunga popanda chitsimikizo cha kupambana.
Poyang'anizana ndi zoopsa izi (zambiri), Assar adapitilizabe kugwira ntchito ku SKF. Björn Prytz, woyang'anira wamkulu wa SKF, sanatsutse ntchitoyi malinga ngati sizikusokoneza ntchito yake pakampaniyo.
Icho sichinali chikoka. Izo zonse zinaganiziridwa
Anzanga ndi nkhomaliro zam'nyanja masana osangalatsa achilimwe. Izi zati, pang'ono kapena palibe chomwe chimaloza ku ntchito yaukadaulo. Lingaliro lolakwika kotheratu.
Monga tawonera kale, ponena za mankhwalawa Volvo adaganiziridwa bwino (kudalirika ndi chitetezo pamwamba pa zonse), zomwezo zinalinso ndi ndondomeko ya bizinesi (masomphenya ndi njira).
Atakhala ku Paris mu 1921, Gabrielsson, yemwe amagwira ntchito ku SKF ngati director director, adazindikira kuti pali makampani omwe amaika ndalama mwachindunji mumakampani amagalimoto kudzera pakugula magalimoto. Mwanjira imeneyi, adatha kukopa kusankha kwa ogulitsa ndikuwonetsetsa kuchuluka kwa maoda.
Nthawi ina pakati pa 1922 ndi 1923, Gabrielsson adaganiza zopanga bizinesi yofanana ndi SKF koma akuluakulu akampani yaku Sweden adakana.
Zonse kapena ayi
'Zikomo koma ayi' a SKF sanafooketse mtima wa Gabrielsson kapena zokhumba zake. Mochuluka kwambiri kwakuti Gabrielsson, mu 1924, anapereka lingaliro lakuti tinali titangolankhula kumene ndi Gustav Larson - msonkhano umenewo pa lesitilanti ya nsomba zam'madzi.
M'buku lake la "The Thirty Years of Volvo History", Gabrielsson akuwonetsa bwino zovuta zomwe zidachitika pokonzekera ndalama zothandizira ntchito yake.
Ochita nawo makampani opanga magalimoto anali ndi chidwi ndi projekiti yathu, koma chinali chidwi chabe. Palibe amene angayerekeze kuyika ndalama pamtundu wamagalimoto aku Sweden.
Komabe, ntchitoyi inapita patsogolo. Gabrielsson pamodzi ndi Larson adaganiza zopitilira kupanga ma prototypes 10, kuti awonetsenso ku SKF. Zinali zonse kapena palibe.
Akuti chigamulo chopanga ma prototypes 10 m'malo mwa chimodzi chinali mtundu wa "pulani B". Ngati polojekitiyo idalakwika, Gabrielsson akhoza kuyesa kugulitsa zigawo za prototype - makampani amagula mochuluka. Kugulitsa gearbox, injini, kuyimitsidwa kwapawiri sikunali kotheka.
Kuphatikiza apo, awiri ochita chidwiwa anali ndi chikhulupiriro chonse kuti SKF ipangitsa kuti ntchitoyi itheke ataona ma prototypes oyamba a ÖV 4 (chithunzi).
Chikhulupiriro chinali chakuti zolemba zonse, mapulani ndi zolemba zina zamkati zimatsatira ndondomeko zamkati za SKF, kotero, ngati mgwirizanowo utachitika, kuphatikizidwa kwa polojekitiyo kudzakhala mofulumira.
Pitani kuntchito!
Ma prototypes 10 oyamba a ÖV 4 adamangidwa moyang'aniridwa ndi Gustav Larson, m'malo a AB Galco - kampani yomwe injiniyayu adagwira ntchito komanso zomwe zidamutsimikizira kuti ali ndi ndalama zoti apitirize kugwira ntchitoyo.
Situdiyo yachitukuko inali mu gawo limodzi la nyumba yake. Ndiko komwe Larson, atatha tsiku ku AB Galco, adalumikizana ndi akatswiri ena olimba mtima kuti apange ma prototypes oyamba.
“Mpando wandalama” unali nyumba ina yapayekha, pamenepa nyumba ya Gabrielsson. Inali njira yoperekera chitetezo kwa ogulitsa. Gabrielsson anali munthu wolemekezeka kwambiri pamakampani. Monga tikuonera, panali nyengo yeniyeni yoyambira.
Ntchito Yakwaniritsidwa
Chitsanzo choyamba chinali chokonzeka mu June 1926. Ndipo mwamsanga Larson ndi Gabrielsson anakwera ÖV 4 ndi galimoto kupita ku Gothenburg pa izo kukapereka ndondomeko ndalama kwa SKF. Kulowera kopambana, kufika pagalimoto yanu. Wanzeru, simukuganiza?
Pa Ogasiti 10, 1926 a SKF board of directors adaganiza zopereka kuwala kobiriwira ku polojekiti ya Gabrielsson ndi Larson. "Tiwerengereni!"
Patangotha masiku awiri, mgwirizano udasainidwa pakati pa SKF ndi Assaf Gabrielsson, wonena za kusamutsa ma prototypes 10 ndi zolemba zonse zothandizira ntchitoyi. Ntchitoyi idzaperekedwa ku kampani yotchedwa Volvo AB.
Kodi mumadziwa zimenezo? Mawu akuti "Volvo" amachokera ku Chilatini ndipo amatanthauza "Ndimagudubuza" (Ndimagudubuza), kutanthauza kusuntha kwa ma bere. Adalembetsedwa mu 1915, mtundu wa Volvo poyambilira unali wa kampani ya SKF ndipo adapangidwa kuti atchule mitundu ingapo yapadera yaku USA.
Mgwirizanowu udanenanso zolipira ndalama zonse zomwe Assar adachita pantchitoyi. Gustav Larson nayenso analipidwa ntchito zake zonse. Iwo anali atachita izo.
Pa January 1, 1927, ndipo pambuyo pa zaka zitatu za ntchito yaikulu, Assar Gabrielsson anasankhidwa kukhala pulezidenti wa Volvo. Nayenso, Gustav Larson adasankhidwa kukhala wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wamtunduwu ndipo adatsanzikana ndi AB Galco.
Nkhani ikuyamba apa
Patatha miyezi isanu, nthawi ya 10 koloko m'mawa, Hilmer Johansson, director of the Swedish brand, adayamba kupanga Volvo ÖV4.
Mtundu womwe umadziwika kuti "Jakob", wosinthika wabuluu wakuda wokhala ndi alonda akuda, wokhala ndi injini ya 4-cylinder - onani apa.
Nkhani ya Volvo imayambira pano ndipo pali zambiri zoti tinene. Tili ndi zaka zina 90 za zochitika za Volvo ndi zovuta, zovuta ndi zipambano zomwe tingagawire mwezi uno kuno ku Razão Automóvel.
Titsatireni kuti musaphonye mitu yotsatira ya Volvo 90th Anniversary Special.
