Ngati zaka zingapo zapitazo a injini ya turbo zinali pafupifupi zachilendo, makamaka kugwirizana ndi ntchito mkulu ndi Dizilo, nthawi zambiri ntchito ngati chida malonda (omwe samakumbukira zitsanzo anali ndi mawu akuti "Turbo" mu zilembo zazikulu pa bodywork?) Lero ndi chigawo kuti ndi zambiri. zambiri demokalase.
Pofufuza kuchuluka kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi mphamvu zamainjini awo komanso munthawi yomwe kutsitsa kuli pafupi kukhala mfumu, mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi ma turbos mumainjini awo.
Komabe, musaganize kuti turbo ndi chidutswa chozizwitsa chomwe chikagwiritsidwa ntchito ku injini chimangobweretsa phindu. Ngakhale kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kuli ndi ubwino wambiri wokhudzana ndi izo, pali njira zina zomwe muyenera kuzipewa ngati muli ndi galimoto yokhala ndi injini ya turbo kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikupitiriza kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kupewa ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Ngati m'mbuyomu anali opanga omwe amapereka malangizo amomwe angagwiritsire ntchito ndikusamalira galimoto yokhala ndi turbo, monga mneneri wa BMW akuti, "M'mbiri, tinkapereka malangizo okhudza magalimoto okhala ndi turbo", lero. sizirinso monga choncho. Kungoti ma brand amaganiza kuti izi sizikufunikanso, chifukwa matekinoloje awa amayesedwa mpaka malire.
Mneneri wa Audi"Mainjini a turbocharged omwe Audi amagwiritsa ntchito masiku ano safunikiranso kusamala kwapadera komwe mayunitsi akale amafunikira."
Komabe, ngati magalimoto asinthidwa, kudalirika komwe kumaperekedwa ndi injini zamakono kumatayika, monga adanenera Ricardo Martinez-Botas, pulofesa mu dipatimenti ya zomangamanga ku Imperial College ku London. Izi zimati "Mayendedwe oyendetsa ndi mapangidwe a injini zamakono" amasamalira chirichonse "(...) komabe, ngati tisintha dongosolo, timangosintha mapangidwe ake oyambirira ndikuyika zoopsa, monga injini sizinayesedwe poganizira. fotokozani zosintha zomwe zachitika”.
Lembetsani ku kalata yathu yamakalata pano
Chifukwa chake, ngakhale ndife odalirika masiku ano kuposa kale, tikuganiza kuti sizikupweteka kusamalidwa ndi ma turbos mumainjini athu. Onani mndandanda wa maupangiri athu kuti musatengere zoopsa zosafunikira.
1. Lolani injini itenthetse
Malangizowa amagwira ntchito pa injini iliyonse, koma omwe ali ndi turbo amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi izi. Monga mukudziwira, kuti igwire ntchito bwino, injiniyo iyenera kukhala ikuyenda pa kutentha kwina komwe kumapangitsa kuti ziwalo zonse zisunthike mkati popanda kuyesetsa kapena kukangana kwambiri.Ndipo musaganize kuti mumangoyang'ana pa geji yotentha yozizirira ndikudikirira kuti iziwonetsa kuti ili pamalo abwino. Chifukwa cha thermostat, choziziritsa kuziziritsa ndi chotchinga cha injini chimatenthetsa mwachangu kuposa mafuta, ndipo chotsirizirachi ndi chofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi la turbo yanu, chifukwa chimatsimikizira kuyamwa kwake.
Chifukwa chake, upangiri wathu ndikuti choziziritsa kuzizira chikafika kutentha koyenera, dikirani kwa mphindi zingapo mpaka "mukoke" galimotoyo moyenera ndikugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu ya turbine.
2. Osazimitsa injini nthawi yomweyo
Upangiri uwu umagwira ntchito kwa iwo omwe ali ndi magalimoto akale pang'ono okhala ndi injini ya turbo (inde, tikulankhula ndi eni eni a Corsa omwe ali ndi injini yotchuka ya 1.5 TD). Ndizoti ngati injini zamakono zimatsimikizira kuti makina operekera mafuta sazimitsa mwamsanga injini itazimitsidwa, akuluakulu alibe "masiku ano" awa.
Kuphatikiza pa kudzoza turbo, mafuta amathandizira kuziziritsa zigawo zake. Mukayimitsa injini nthawi yomweyo, kuziziritsa kwa turbo kumayendetsedwa ndi kutentha kozungulira.
Kuphatikiza apo, mumakhala pachiwopsezo choti turbo ikuzungulirabe (chinachake chomwe chimachitika ndi inertia), zomwe zingayambitse kuvala msanga kwa turbo. Mwachitsanzo, mutatha gawo loyendetsa sportier kapena mtunda wautali pamsewu waukulu womwe mudaganiza zopita kudziko lonse lapansi ndikukakamiza turbo turbine kuti igwiritse ntchito nthawi yayitali komanso mwamphamvu, musazimitse galimoto nthawi yomweyo, zisiyeni. gwirani ntchito mphindi imodzi kapena ziwiri.
3. Osayenda pang'onopang'ono ndi magiya apamwamba
Apanso malangizowa amagwira ntchito kwa mitundu yonse ya injini, koma omwe ali ndi turbos amavutika kwambiri. Kungoti nthawi zonse mukathamanga kwambiri ndi giya yayikulu pa injini ya turbo, mumayika kupsinjika kwambiri pa turbo.Zabwino muzochitika zomwe mukuyendetsa pang'onopang'ono ndipo muyenera kuthamangitsa ndikuti mumagwiritsa ntchito gearbox, kukulitsa kusinthasintha ndi torque ndikuchepetsa kuyesayesa komwe turbo imayendetsedwa.
4. Amagwiritsa ntchito petulo… zabwino
Kuti mupeze mpweya wabwino, musaganize kuti tikutumizani kumalo okwerera mafuta amtengo wapatali. Chomwe tikukuwuzani ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta amafuta omwe ali ndi mlingo wa octane womwe wopanga akuwonetsa. Ndizowona kuti injini zambiri zamakono zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta onse a 95 ndi 98 octane, koma pali zosiyana.
Musanapange zolakwika zomwe zingawononge ndalama, fufuzani mtundu wa mafuta omwe galimoto yanu imagwiritsa ntchito. Ngati ndi 98 octane, musakhale aulesi. Kudalirika kwa turbo sikungakhudzidwe, koma chiwopsezo choyaka moto (kugogoda kapena kugogoda kwa ndodo zolumikizira) kumatha kuwononga kwambiri injini.
5. Samalani mlingo wa mafuta
Chabwino. Malangizowa amagwira ntchito pamagalimoto onse. Koma monga momwe mwawonera ndi nkhani yonse ya turbos ndi mafuta ali ndi ubale wapamtima kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti turbo imafunikira mafuta ambiri chifukwa chakusintha komwe imakwaniritsa.
Chabwino, ngati mafuta a injini yanu ali otsika (ndipo sitikulankhula za kukhala pansipa zomwe zasonyezedwa pa dipstick) turbo ikhoza kusakanizidwa bwino. Koma samalani, mafuta ochulukirapo ndi oipa! Chifukwa chake, musawonjezere malire, chifukwa mafuta amatha kutha mu turbo kapena polowera.
Tikukhulupirira kuti mutsatira malangizowa ndikuti mutha "kufinyira" ma kilomita ambiri kuchokera mgalimoto yanu yokhala ndi ma turbocharges momwe mungathere. Kumbukirani kuti, kuwonjezera pa malangizowa, muyenera kuwonetsetsanso kuti galimoto yanu imasamalidwa bwino, kuyang'anira nthawi yake ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta omwe akulimbikitsidwa.