Mgwirizano wa Paris udakhazikitsa zolinga zazikulu zochepetsera mpweya wagalimoto padziko lonse lapansi. Pazaka makumi anayi zikubwerazi, mpweya wa CO2 uyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi 50% padziko lonse lapansi ndi 85% m'mayiko otsogola kwambiri.
Tiyeni tikhale owona mtima. Ngakhale mwadzidzidzi magalimoto onse akukhala magetsi, magalimoto ena monga magalimoto otalika, mabwato ndi ndege zidzapitirizabe kugwiritsa ntchito injini zoyaka mkati - ndizoyenera kuwerenga nkhani yathu. Padzafunika njira zambiri kuposa njira yamagetsi, chifukwa sizidzakwaniritsa zosowa zonse.
Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupitiliza kufufuza ndikuwongolera injini yoyaka "yakale" yamkati. Osati kumtunda kokha, komanso kunsi kwa mtsinje, kutanthauza: komanso sungani ndalama zofufuzira mu mafuta omwe amadyetsa.
Ndipo ngati mpaka posachedwapa sikukanakhala kosatheka kunena kuti galimoto yokhala ndi injini yoyaka mkati ingakhale yopanda ndale pokhudzana ndi mpweya wa CO2, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kumapangitsa kuti izi zitheke. Tiyeni tidziwe eFuel, yankho loperekedwa ndi Bosch.
Yankho: eFuel, mafuta opangira
Mosiyana ndi mafuta oyambira pansi ndi ma biofuel, mafuta opangira ngati eFuel amakwaniritsa bwino kuti asatengeke ndi mpweya. Izi ndizotheka chifukwa CO2 - mpweya wowonjezera kutentha - tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopangira popangira mafuta, dizilo ndi benzene pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi ongowonjezwdwa.Volkmar Denner, CEO wa Robert Bosch GmbHMafuta opangira mafuta amatha kupanga magalimoto a petulo ndi dizilo kukhala opanda mpweya, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri kuti athetse kutentha kwa dziko.
Malinga ndi Bosch, kufalikira kwamafuta opangira amtundu wa eFuel kungapewe kutulutsa magigatoni 2.8 a CO2 mumlengalenga. Koma sikungakhale phindu lokhalo.
Mafuta opangira mafuta amatha kupangidwa kuti azikhala ndi kuyaka kopanda mwaye. Izi zingapangitsenso kutsika kwa mtengo wopangira mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Ndipo palibe chifukwa choganizira kukhazikitsa ma network operekera monga alipo kale ndipo atha kupitiliza kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kodi magalimoto apano angagwiritse ntchito eFuel?
Palibe zosintha zamtundu uliwonse zomwe zimafunikira, kaya zaposachedwa kapena zapamwamba, kuti mulandire mafuta amtunduwu. Pankhani ya kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndi zinthu zofunika, mafuta opangira amatsalirabe… petulo. eFuel kapena ayi.
Choncho, kukhazikitsidwa kwake ndi kufalitsa kungakhale kofulumira - mofulumira kwambiri kuposa kuyika magetsi pamalo onse osungiramo magalimoto.
Ubwino winanso wake ndi wosinthasintha. Kuti mupange mafuta opangira muyenera H2 (hydrogen) yomwe CO2 imawonjezeredwa kuti mupange mafuta amadzimadzi. Popeza H2 ndi gawo loyamba kupangidwa, itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kupatsa mphamvu ma cell amafuta.
Kodi eFuel ingakhale yotani?
Pakalipano, vuto lalikulu la kutumizidwa kwakukulu kwa mafuta opangira mafuta ndi ndalama zomwe zimagwirizana nazo. Malingana ndi Bosch, ngakhale kuti pali kale chithandizo cha chitukuko cha mafuta amtundu uwu, monga ku Germany ndi Norway, kumene mapulogalamu oyendetsa ndege akuchitika, malo opangira zinthu ndi okwera mtengo ndipo palibe zomera zokwanira zoyesera.Kuti achepetse ndalama, kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangira mafuta kuyenera kukula chifukwa mtengo wamagetsi kuchokera kuzinthu zongowonjezera uyenera kutsika kuti ukhale lingaliro lenileni. Malinga ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa, mafuta opangira monga eFuel amatha mtengo (popanda msonkho) pakapita nthawi pakati pa 1.0 mpaka 1.4 euros pa lita.
Kutengera mtengo, malinga ndi maakaunti a Bosch, galimoto yosakanizidwa yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangira mafuta ingakhale, mpaka makilomita 160,000, yotsika mtengo kuposa galimoto yofanana yamagetsi, kutengera mtundu wa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndipo paziwerengerozi iwo atenga kale njira yotsika mtengo ya magalimoto amagetsi.
Kodi mafuta opangidwa ngati eFuel amapangidwa ndi chiyani?
Mafuta opangira mafuta amachokera ku kuwonjezera kwa CO2 kupita ku H2, kupanga mafuta amadzimadzi. Hydrogen imapangidwa kuchokera m'madzi (H2O), ndipo CO2 imatha kupezeka poikonzanso kudzera m'mafakitale kapena kutengedwa mumlengalenga momwemo pogwiritsa ntchito zosefera. Kuphatikiza H2 ndi CO2 titha kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta opangira: mafuta, dizilo, gasi kapena palafini.
Kuti asakhale a carbon, amayenera kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa eFuel ndi biofuel?
Kusiyana kwakukulu kuli m’mene amapangidwira. Ma biofuel amachokera ku kupanga zinthu monga nzimbe, chimanga kapena sugar beet. Kapangidwe kake kumadalira zinthu zakunja monga kuchuluka kwa malo omwe alipo kapena nyengo. M'malo mwake, mafuta opangira mafuta amatha kupangidwa popanda malire akaphatikizidwa ndi mphamvu zowonjezera.