Zolemba: Joaquim Oliveira / Thomas Geiger
Chinthu choyamba chimene chimabwera m'maganizo pamene mukuganizira za mitundu yonyansa yaiwisi Sena GTR , membala waposachedwa kwambiri wa banja la Ultimate Series la McLaren (amene amalumikizana ndi Senna, Speedtail ndi Elva) ndikuti nthawi iliyonse adzakhala mtundu wa loboti yaudani, mtundu wa thiransifoma, monga kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakuthambo zomwe zimamatira ku thupi, zomwe ndi "oyera" pamitundu ngati 720S kapena P1.
Lingaliro lomwe latsala ndilakuti mawonekedwe achilengedwe adayambitsa chilankhulo chopangidwira, chogawika mwadala - palibe mzere umodzi womwe sunasokonezedwe ndi kulowetsedwa kwa mpweya muzochita zonse za thupi - pofufuza magwiridwe antchito. Mwachionekere, chinthu chofunika kwambiri chinali kutsata zinthu zogwira mtima, osati kukongola.
Mtundu waku Britain unali woyamba kukhala ndi galimoto ya Formula 1 yopangidwa ndi kaboni fiber (1981 MP4/1) komanso inali msewu wake woyamba wopangidwa ndi zinthu zopepuka zomwezo (F1 ya 1990, galimoto). sukulu, monga onse McLaren anamasulidwa pa msika kuyambira pamenepo ntchito yomanga.
Senna GTR ndiye wopepuka kuposa onse, masekeli 1188 kg okha "wouma" (ie, musanalandire madzi ofunikira kuti muyende kuzungulira), omwe ndi 210 kg kucheperapo kuposa hyper-sports P1 (dongosolo losakanizidwali limalemera…), 95 kg kuchepera 720S, chifukwa chamkati pafupifupi maliseche, ndi 10 kg kuchepera. kuposa Senna… palibe suffix.
Zoposa 1000 kg za downforce
Palibe zambiri zosocheretsa: Senna GTR ndi galimoto yothamanga ndipo zonse zimawopseza mukayandikira ndipo ngakhale isanayambe kusuntha. Mawilo akuluakulu amatanthawuza mabuleki akuluakulu kuposa omwe amaikidwa pa McLaren 720S GT3 (mpikisano), pa dongosolo lomwe limapereka mphamvu zoyimitsa zochititsa chidwi.
Lembetsani ku kalata yathu yamakalata
Kutengera ma braking system a Senna, GTR ili ndi zida zopangira ma aluminium monobloc calipers okhala ndi ma pistoni asanu ndi limodzi kutsogolo ndi ma pistoni anayi kumbuyo, akugwira ntchito pa 390 mm carbon ceramic discs ndi zopalasa zamphamvu kwambiri. Monga McLaren Senna, GTR ilinso ndi ntchito yopumira mpweya pamapiko akumbuyo, omwe adapangidwa apa kuti apereke 20% kutsika kwakukulu…
Miyezo yapansi ndi yosaneneka, ikufika pa 1000 kg pa liwiro la 250 km / h, motsutsana ndi 800 kg ku Senna. Kumbali ina, pama liwiro otsika mphamvu yotsika yofanana ndi ya Senna imapangidwa, koma pa liwiro la 15%, komanso kukokera kocheperako.
Palibe kukayikira kuti "mphamvu zambiri / kulemera kochepa / mphamvu ya aerodynamic" imapanga zotsatira zomwe mukufuna
Poyerekeza ndi zigawo zomwezo monga 2018 Senna GTR Concept, choboola chakutsogolo chili ndi mbiri yatsopano ndipo chosinthira chakumbuyo chachepetsedwa kuti chiwongolere magwiridwe antchito. Kuchita bwino kwa diffuser, nayenso, kwasinthidwa ndi mapiko atsopano akumbuyo - mapangidwe amtundu wa LMP1, omwe amamangiriza ndi thupi kwambiri ndipo ndi njira yothandiza kwambiri kuti mpweya utuluke kumbuyo kwagalimoto. .
Mapikowo adasunthidwa m'mbuyo kwambiri kotero kuti m'mphepete mwake muli kunja kwa galimoto (chinachake chomwe sichingatheke pazochitika zamagalimoto a pamsewu), ndipo malo atsopanowa amagwiritsa ntchito bwino mpweya wodutsa kumbuyo kwa Senna GTR. Monga momwe zilili ndi "non-GTR Senna", apa tili ndi mawonekedwe a aerodynamics omwe ali m'mphepete mwa radiator ndi mapiko omveka kumbuyo - zinthu zomwe siziloledwa pakali pano pa mpikisano wa GT3, koma zomwe zimabweretsa ubwino wochuluka wa aerodynamic. Mapiko amatha kusiyidwa pamalo opingasa mokwanira, omwe ndi abwino kuti azitha kuthamanga kwambiri, chifukwa cha makina ochepetsera (DRS).
Nthawi zambiri kusintha kwa chassis
Poyimitsidwa, kusiyana kwa Senna sikungokhala ndi masentimita 8 omwe amawonjezedwa kutsogolo kapena 7 masentimita kukula kwa danga pakati pa mawilo kumbuyo.
Kuyimitsidwa kosinthika komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Senna, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wofotokozera mtunda wosiyanasiyana wamtunda wa msewu ndi dera, sikunatengedwe pano chifukwa GTR sifunikira kusokoneza uku, chifukwa sichidzasiya zochitika zomalizazi. Izi zidapangitsa kuti zichepetse kulemera ndikuchepetsa zovuta posintha kuyimitsidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito ma aluminiyamu opitilira kawiri, akasupe, zoziziritsa kukhosi (zosinthika m'malo anayi) ndi mipiringidzo yokhazikika kutengera kuyimitsidwa kwa GT3s kuchokera ku pulogalamu yamakasitomala a McLaren.
Osafunikira kutsatira malamulo a GT3, omwe amaletsa magalimoto othamanga kukhala mawilo 18-inch opangira kuwala kopitilira muyeso, pano tili ndi mawilo 19-inchi ngati Senna, koma ndi mapangidwe apakati. Zomwe zilinso zazikulu kuposa zomwe malamulo a GT3 amalola, kukhala 10 ″ kutsogolo ndi 13 ″ kumbuyo (matayala ndi Pirelli slicks, kukula 285/650 kutsogolo ndi 325/705 kumbuyo).
Ngakhale tisanafike kudera la Snetterton, ku England, chifukwa cha kukumana kwachilendo ndi Senna GTR, mantha adawonekera kale, ngakhale m'njira yobisika (pakhosi louma, kusowa kwa njala, kugwedeza mapazi ...). Koma palpitations inapita patsogolo pamene iye analowa m'galimoto (moyenera okonzeka ndi anagona suti, magolovesi ndi chisoti), chimene kunali kofunika kuchepetsa thupi kuposa nkhani ya "Senna" (chifukwa ndi 1195 mm kutalika). , Senna GTR ndi 34 mm wamfupi) kupyolera mu zitseko zotsegulira "mu lumo" (dzina lopanda nzeru kwambiri ndi "dihedron").
Komabe, ntchitoyi inakhala yosavuta chifukwa, potsegula, zitseko (zolemera zosakwana 8 kg, zosakwana theka la kulemera kwa McLaren P1, ngakhale chifukwa mazenera amapangidwa ndi pulasitiki) amatenga nawo mbali yabwino. wa denga la galimoto.
M'kati mwa ndege iyi, yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi kuwonekera kwa organic carbon fiber komanso Alcantara, imagwirizanitsa monocoque yolimba kwambiri yopangidwa ndi McLaren (Monocage III) ndipo imadziwika ndi kuvula zonse zomwe sizili zofunikira kuti galimoto ikhale yofulumira. komanso ogwira ntchito momwe angathere.
Kuwonekera kutsogolo ndikwabwino (monga mwachizolowezi ku McLaren), koma mbaliyo siili yochuluka (pulasitiki yomwe ili m'malo owoneka bwino a zitseko imakulolani kuti muwone pang'ono ...) Kumbuyo kwa cockpit monga chimphona chachikulu, choyendetsedwa ndi mpweya wa carbon fiber kumbuyo mapiko omwe amalemera mozungulira 5 kg koma amapirira kukakamiza kopitilira 100 kulemera kwake.
825 hp "kuwuluka" mofewa
Ndipo mutatha kupeza batani loyambira injini (loyikidwa padenga kuti muchepetse momwe mungathere kuchuluka kwa malamulo patsogolo pa dalaivala / dalaivala, kupatulapo omwe amafunikira kuwongolera galimoto) ndi nthawi yoti muyambe mphindi 15 zofulumira kwambiri. moyo, womwe ukhoza kukhala wofanana ndi zomwe Pinki Floyd adazitcha kutha kwakanthawi m'malingaliro.
Kumbuyo kwa mutu kuli injini ya 4.0 l V8 yokhala ndi mphamvu yopitilira 825 hp ndi 800 Nm. ndi kumbali, kumbuyo ndi pansi pa zida za hardware zofunika kuika chirichonse pansi, kusonyeza mphamvu yaikulu kuposa 1000 kilos pa liwiro la 250 km / h, pamene mu Race mode.
Mbali yapansi ya aileron imapanga kupanikizika kwambiri kuposa kumtunda, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti Senna GTR sichikankhidwa, koma imalowetsedwa pansi, ndi mphamvu yonse yomwe imakhala yoposa 50% kuposa yomwe inapangidwa ndi McLaren P1 ( kachiwiri mu Race drive mode).
Zina zomwe zikuwatsimikizira mwanjira yodabwitsayi yosinthira phula la Senna GTR pa phula ndi mapiko akutsogolo omwe tawatchulawa komanso cholumikizira chakumbuyo (mu carbon fiber, inde) chomwe chimapangitsa kuti galimotoyo ikhale yankhanza kwambiri.
Kuyimitsidwa mwachilengedwe kumakhala ndi kuyankha kowawa kwambiri, chiwongolerocho chimayankha mwachindunji, nthawi zonse amawoneka kuti akuganiza zolinga za dalaivala / woyendetsa ndege, ndipo chowongolera chowongolera chimapeza kulondola kwa wosula golide kuti dalaivala apemphe ndikulandila ndendende mlingo wa mphamvu / binary yomwe mukufuna. mphindi iliyonse.
Mamita angapo oyambirira ndi okwanira kutsimikizira kuti palibe zinthu zosefera phokoso mu cockpit, mocheperapo kuposa McLaren ina iliyonse (ndipo mwina yofanana ndi Ford GT ya m'badwo watsopano) komanso kuti galimotoyo imawerenga phula mwatsatanetsatane.
Komabe, matayala atenthedwa kale pang'ono ndipo ndimalandira chilolezo kuchokera kwa woyendetsa wodziwa bwino kuti awonjezere kuyenda pang'ono, panthawi yomwe galimotoyo imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe amayembekezera, mwina chifukwa cha kulemera kochepa komwe kumayenera kunyamula kumbuyo kwake.
Liŵiro likamakula, munthu angamvenso kuti kapangidwe ka thupi kameneka kamapangitsa kuti mpweya udutse kumene akatswiriwo akufuna, koma nthawi zonse pang’onopang’ono, popanda kulumpha, mumtundu wa crescendo wodziŵika bwino umene umayenda mothamanga kwambiri. Izi, panthawi imodzimodziyo ngati kusakhalapo kwa inertia, kumayambitsa khalidwe lachangu ku mathamangitsidwe aliwonse, kuthamanga kapena kusintha kwa njira.
Palibe kukayikira kuti chiwongolero cha "mphamvu zochulukirapo / kulemera pang'ono / mphamvu ya aerodynamic" imapanga zotsatira zomwe mukufuna, komanso mothandizidwa ndi chiwongolero chowala kwambiri (thandizo la hydraulic) lomwe layikidwa kale pa McLaren (mwinamwake yabwino kwambiri yomwe yandidutsapo, kwenikweni, ndi manja) ndi dongosolo braking ndi zimbale zapadera carbon-ceramic kuti, malinga Andy Palmer (ukadaulo chitukuko mkulu wa chizindikiro English) "ali ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito pa kutentha 20% pansi pa normal - pa 150 ºC - amene amawalola kukhala ang'onoang'ono, ngakhale 60% amphamvu kuposa zomwe McLaren wagwiritsa ntchito mpaka pano. "
Ziwerengero zimatsimikizira izi: Senna GTR imafunikira ngakhale osachepera 100 m omwe Senna amagwiritsa ntchito kuti ayime pa liwiro la 200 km / h, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti 20 m kuchepera pa P1 (inde, kulemera kwake kulinso kwake. gawo la udindo). Ponena za kusalondola kwa ndemanga, m'pofunika kufotokoza kuti McLaren sanapangebe zolemba zovomerezeka za Senna GTR komanso kuti nkhaniyi ndi yachiwiri, chifukwa galimotoyi imatha kuyenda mozungulira, kotero sichifuna zivomerezo zingapo isanayambe. kugulitsidwa.
Yemweyo 4.0 L amapasa Turbo V8 injini pakati longitudinal udindo kuti McLaren ntchito mu declinations zosiyanasiyana (pano ali 25 HP kuposa Senna chifukwa cha recalibration wa kulamulira injini ndi chakuti chosinthira chachiwiri chothandizira chachotsedwa, amene amachepetsa turbo backpressure), imayambitsa mothandizidwa ndi kufala kwachangu kwambiri kwa ma 7-liwiro odziwikiratu (mwina osalala kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi nthiti yokwera kuposa dalaivala, monga momwe amachitira galimoto iyi), yomwe imatumiza zotulutsa zonse kumawilo akumbuyo kukwaniritsa pafupifupi zolemba zosaneneka zomwe zimaposa za Senna: 2.8s kuchokera 0 mpaka 100 km/h, 6.8 s kuchokera 0 mpaka 200 km/h, 17.5 s kuchokera 0 mpaka 300 km/h, ndi liwiro lalikulu 340 km/h (Apanso palibe manambala ovomerezeka).
Koma kwa munthu yemwe wakhala ndi mwayi woyesa magalimoto ngati Bugatti Chiron, Porsche 911 GT2 RS kapena Formula One, si manambala omwe amasangalatsa kwambiri Senna GTR, ngakhale atayesetsa bwanji (ndi kukakamiza). …) kupirira mphamvu zambiri za "g" pakuthamangitsa chizungulire ndi mabuleki.
Khalidwe ndi mwatsatanetsatane opaleshoni
Pachifukwa ichi, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti milomo ikhale yozungulira (ndi kuzindikira, mofanana) ndi kumasuka komwe galimoto imayendetsedwa mumayendedwe ochimwa ndi kukhazikika, kugwira ndi chitetezo kotero kuti ngakhale ubongo umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ma supersports pamsewu. ali ndi Kuvuta kugaya.
Kutsimikizira izi, sikunali kotheka kuyikonzanso (ubongo) kuti musaphonye polowera polowera, chifukwa kusintha kwa "chip" mwa munthu wamba sikuthamanga kwambiri.
Ndipo chosiyananso chinachitika, mwa kuyankhula kwina, zochitika zomwe kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri mabuleki amphamvu kwambiri (mothandizidwa ndi aerodynamics yoyengedwa) kunatipangitsa ife pafupifupi kuyimilira bwino pamaso pa malo olowera pamapindikira kukhudza nsonga, kukakamiza kubwezeretsanso. . Zochititsa manyazi pang'ono, inde, ngakhale kudzikonda kukhululukidwa ndi nthawi yochepa ya gawo losakonzekera.
Koma ngakhale zinali choncho, panali chiyembekezo pang'ono kuti adatha kukhalabe mu zolinga za oyenerera akatswiri McLaren amene, mu chitukuko chake, anafotokoza kuti 95% ya madalaivala ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito 95% ya ntchito Senna GTR. Ngakhale 5% yotsalayo ndi yomwe imalekanitsa “tirigu ndi mankhusu”…
Simungathe kumaliza popanda kusiya mbiri yeniyeni yofananira ya GTR yoperekedwa kwa ine ndi injiniya wamkulu wa polojekitiyi: pamtunda wozungulira dera la Spa-Francorchamps, ku Belgium, GTR inali 8s mofulumira kuposa Senna ndi 3s mofulumira kuposa mpikisano wa GT3. , zomwe zimasiya lingaliro labwino la momwe tikuchitira pano…
Pamapeto pa chidziwitso chapadera ichi kumbuyo kwa gudumu la Senna GTR, mungakhale otsimikiza kuti McLaren watsopano ndi wothamanga kwambiri, wogwira mtima kwambiri, wopanda mantha kuposa omwe adawatsogolera pano, omwe ali oyendetsa kwambiri kuposa woyendetsa ndege, koma komabe , zokumana nazo zokwanira kuti mumvetsetse kuti, m'manja oyenerera, thambo lingakhale malire anu. Kumwamba komweko, komwe Ayrton mwina adzanyadira momwe msonkho uwu ku luso lake lowuluka lauzimu walipidwa.
Mkati mwa mpikisano wapadera
Senna GTR imangopezeka ndi galimoto ya kumanzere, chifukwa kumbali imodzi izi ndizochepa kwambiri pagalimoto yothamanga, komanso chifukwa ogula ambiri amachokera kumisika yokhala ndi galimoto yamanzere.
Tilinso ndi bacquet yopepuka kwambiri (yolemera zosakwana 5 kg ndipo ili ndi chisindikizo cha International Automobile Federation of approval) mu carbon fiber ndi FIA 6 point harness, yomwe imatha (monga njira yaulere) kuikidwa. .
Iyi ndi cockpit yovuta kwambiri, yopanda ma airbags, infotainment ndi zida zina zoyendetsa (koma pakhoza kukhala zoziziritsa, zaulere). Pali kumaliza kwa satin kuzinthu zamkati zamkati za kaboni, ma sill amakutidwa ndi kapeti wakuda - imodzi yokha pagalimoto, kwenikweni - ndipo denga lanyumba lili ku Alcantara.
Chiwongolero ndi zida zowongolera zidasinthidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimafanana kwambiri ndi mpikisano. Chiwonetsero cha kutsogolo kwa dalaivala / woyendetsa ndege chikuwonetsa deta yofunikira m'njira yosavuta, ndi mzere wa LED wa gear ukuyenda pamphepete mwa pamwamba. Chophimba chapakati chowonjezera, cholowa m'malo mwa Senna's touchscreen, chikuwonetsa mawonekedwe kuchokera ku kamera yokwera kumbuyo.
Chiwongolero champikisano, chopanda chowongolera pamwamba ndi pansi, chimakhala ndi ma gearshift paddles ndipo chimatengera chiwongolero cha magalimoto a GT3, koma ndi magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana pa batani lililonse, malinga ndi mfundo ya batani limodzi / ntchito imodzi, yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito. m'chipinda chonse chogona.
Palinso wailesi yolankhulirana ndi mabokosi ndi makamera awiri omwe ali pa bolodi: imodzi ikuyang'ana kutsogolo kwa galimoto ndi imodzi yomwe ikuyang'ana mkati mwa galimotoyo, komanso mabatani osavuta otsegula a ntchito yoyendetsera ntchito, kuthamanga mofulumira m'maenje. ndi kusintha kwamphamvu kwa mvula yopepuka.
Nkhani yapadera yothamanga imaperekedwanso ndi njira yosinthira madzimadzi kwa dalaivala, yemwe amawataya mokakamiza pakati pa khama ndi kutentha ("kunyamula kumwa" mtundu wa carbon fiber).
Portugal idayimiridwa bwino kwambiri ku Senna!
Zofotokozera
| Pafupifupi mtengo) | 2.5 miliyoni euro |
| Galimoto | |
|---|---|
| Mtundu | V8 |
| Kuyika | Pakati / kumbuyo kotalika |
| Kusamuka | 3994 cm3 |
| Kugawa | DOHC, 32 mavavu |
| Chakudya | Kuvulala Indirect, biturbo, intercooler |
| Mphamvu zazikulu | 825 hp / 7250 rpm |
| torque yayikulu | 800 Nm / 5000 rpm |
| Kukhamukira | |
| Kukoka | kumbuyo |
| Bokosi | Automatic, 7 liwiro, pawiri clutch |
| nsanja | Monocage III |
| Kuyimitsidwa | |
| FR/TR | Zodziyimira pawokha, makona atatu opiringizana, olumikizidwa ndi ma hydraulically odziyimira pawokha okhala ndi malo anayi osinthika |
| Mayendedwe | |
| Mtundu | Electro-hydraulic, yothandizira |
| 1 kutembenuka | 12.9 m |
| Mabuleki ndi Mawilo | |
| Fr. | 390 mm carbide-ceramic discs, 6-pistoni yopangira ma aluminium calipers |
| Tr. | 390 mamilimita carbide-ceramic zimbale, 4-pistoni zopanga aluminium calipers |
| magudumu dimension | Fr: 10J x 19' - 285/19. Tr: 13J x 19″ - 325/19 |
| bodywork | |
| Utali/Utali/Utali. | 4964 mm/2009 mm/1229 mm |
| gudumu | 2695 mm |
| Kulemera | 1198 kg (zouma) |
| Rel. kulemera/mphamvu | 1.5 kg / hp |
| Kapu wa sutikesi | N.D. |
| Deposit cap | 72 lita |
| Zowonjezera | |
| Kuthamanga kwakukulu | mpaka 340 km/h |
| 0-100 Km/h | |
| 0-200 Km/h | |
| 0-300 Km/h | |
| braking | |
| 300-0 Km/h | |
| 200-0 Km/h | |
| 100-0 Km/h | |
| zotsatsa zotsatsa | |
| Urb./ Wowonjezera-tawuni | N.D. |
| Kuphatikiza/CO2 | N.D. |
| Chidziwitso: chivomerezo cha magalimoto apamsewu sichofunikira ndipo McLaren sanalembebe zolemba zovomerezeka (tikudziwa kuti ndiabwinopo kuposa a Senna omwe manambala ake amagwiritsidwa ntchito pano ngati cholozera) |