Zinali zaka 40 zapitazo kuti Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W116) inakhala galimoto yoyamba kupanga kukhala ndi Electronic anti-lock braking system (kuchokera ku German Antiblockier-Bremssystem yoyambirira), yodziwika bwino ndi mawu otchulira ABS.
Kupezeka kokha ngati njira, kuyambira kumapeto kwa 1978, pamtengo wocheperako wa DM 2217.60 (pafupifupi ma euro 1134), ikanakulitsa mwachangu mtundu wa Germany - mu 1980 ngati njira pazosankha zake zonse. , mu 1981 idafikira malonda ndipo kuyambira 1992 idzakhala gawo la zida zodziwika bwino zamagalimoto onse a Mercedes-Benz.
Koma ABS ndi chiyani?
Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, dongosololi limalepheretsa mawilo kutseka pamene akuwomba - makamaka pamalo otsika - kukulolani kuti mugwiritse ntchito mphamvu zambiri zoyendetsa galimoto, ndikusunga kayendetsedwe ka galimoto.
Titha kuwona zigawo zosiyanasiyana za dongosolo mu chithunzi pamwambapa, osati kusiyana kwambiri ndi lero: unit control (kompyuta), masensa anayi liwiro - mmodzi pa gudumu - hydraulic mavavu (omwe amalamulira ananyema kuthamanga), ndi mpope (kubwezeretsa ananyema). pressure). Koma kodi zonsezi zimagwira ntchito bwanji? Timapereka pansi kwa Mercedes-Benz yokha, yotengedwa kuchokera m'mabukhu ake panthawiyo:
Anti-lock braking system imagwiritsa ntchito kompyuta kuti izindikire kusintha kwa liwiro la gudumu lililonse panthawi ya braking. Liwiro likacheperachepera (monga pochita mabuleki pamalo poterera) ndipo pali ngozi yotseka magudumu, kompyuta imangochepetsa mphamvu ya brake. Gudumu imathamanga kachiwiri ndipo kuthamanga kwa brake kumawonjezeka kachiwiri, motero kuswa gudumu. Izi zikubwerezedwa kangapo mu nkhani ya masekondi.
Zaka 40 zapitazo…
Zinali pakati pa 22nd ndi 25th ya Ogasiti 1978 pomwe Mercedes-Benz ndi Bosch adapereka ABS ku Untertürkheim, Stuttgart, Germany. Koma sikanali koyamba kuti asonyeze kugwiritsa ntchito kachitidwe kotere.
Mbiri ya chitukuko cha ABS ku Mercedes-Benz idayamba kale, ndikufunsira koyamba kwa patent kwa dongosololi mu 1953, kudzera mwa Hans Scherenberg, ndiye wotsogolera mapangidwe ku Mercedes-Benz ndipo kenako wotsogolera chitukuko.
Machitidwe ofananawo anali odziwika kale, kaya mu ndege (anti-skid) kapena m'masitima (anti-slip), koma m'galimoto inali ntchito yovuta kwambiri, yokhala ndi zofuna zambiri pa masensa, kukonza deta ndi kulamulira. Chitukuko chozama pakati pa dipatimenti ya Research and Development palokha ndi ogwira nawo ntchito osiyanasiyana m'mafakitale chikadakhala chopambana, ndikusintha komwe kunachitika mu 1963, pomwe ntchito idayamba, mwatsatanetsatane, pamagetsi owongolera magetsi.
Mu 1966, Daimler-Benz anayamba mgwirizano ndi katswiri wa zamagetsi Teldix (kenako anagulidwa ndi Bosch). kukafika pachimake pachiwonetsero choyamba cha "Mercedes-Benz/Teldix Anti-Block System" kwa atolankhani mu 1970. , motsogoleredwa ndi Hans Scherenberg. Dongosololi linagwiritsa ntchito ma analogi ozungulira, koma popanga makina ambiri, gulu lachitukuko limayang'ana madera a digito monga njira yopitira patsogolo - yankho lodalirika, losavuta komanso lamphamvu kwambiri.
Jürgen Paul, injiniya komanso woyang'anira ntchito ya ABS ku Mercedes-Benz, pambuyo pake adanena kuti chisankho chopita ku digito chinali nthawi yofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko cha ABS. Pamodzi ndi Bosch - woyang'anira gawo loyang'anira digito - Mercedes-Benz adzawulula m'badwo wachiwiri wa ABS pamayendedwe oyesera a fakitale yake ku Untertürkheim.
ABS inali chiyambi chabe
Osati kokha kuti ABS idzakhala imodzi mwa zida zodzitetezera zodziwika bwino m'magalimoto, idakhalanso chiyambi cha chitukuko cha makina othandizira digito pamagalimoto amtundu waku Germany, ndi kupitirira apo.
Kukula kwa masensa a ABS, pakati pa zigawo zina, kudzagwiritsidwanso ntchito, mu mtundu wa Germany, kwa ASR kapena anti-skid control system (1985); ESP kapena kuwongolera kukhazikika (1995); BAS kapena Brake Assist System (1996); ndi adaptive cruise control (1998), ndi kuwonjezera kwa masensa ena ndi zigawo.