Pokhala ndi anthu oposa 1.3 biliyoni, dziko la China ndilo dziko lokhala ndi anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. Ndiwonso msika waukulu kwambiri wamagalimoto padziko lonse lapansi, popeza adagulitsa magalimoto opitilira 23 miliyoni chaka chatha ndipo chaka chino aposa 24 miliyoni. Pakali pano ndiyomwe imatulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha padziko lonse lapansi mwatsatanetsatane. Matani oposa 10 biliyoni a CO2 (2015) omwe atulutsidwa ndi owirikiza kawiri kuposa a US komanso pafupifupi katatu a European Union.
Koma vuto silimangotulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha. Mizinda yaku China ili ndi mpweya woipa, wodzazidwa ndi utsi wosalekeza, wovulaza thanzi la anthu. Ndipo wolakwayo si CO2.
Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization, adani aakulu a thanzi la anthu ndi mankhwala a nayitrogeni ndi sulfure amene amatuluka m’mipope ya galimoto. Mipweya imeneyi imakhudzana mwachindunji ndi imfa zamwamsanga kuposa mamiliyoni atatu pachaka padziko lapansi.
Zamagetsi, zamagetsi kwambiri
Kuposa chifukwa china chilichonse, kudzipereka kwamphamvu kwa boma la China posachedwa pakuyenda kwamagetsi ndi cholinga chothana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mpweya m'mizinda yake.
Pansi pa dongosolo la Made in China 2025, pakati pa zaka khumi zikubwerazi, magalimoto amagetsi ayenera kugulitsidwa pamtengo wa mayunitsi asanu ndi awiri miliyoni pachaka. Ntchito yovuta - chaka chatha "chokha" 500 zikwi zinagulitsidwa ndipo chaka chino chirichonse chimalozera ku mayunitsi 700 zikwi.
ndi kale msika waukulu padziko lonse wa magalimoto amagetsi , ngakhale izi zikanatheka kokha chifukwa cha zolimbikitsa zazikulu za boma, monga momwe zimakhalira m'mayiko ena.
Pofuna kuchepetsa ndalama za boma, ndondomeko ina tsopano ikuchitika yomwe imaika magawo ogulitsa pamtundu wa NEV (New Energy Vehicle). Dongosolo lomwe lidzayambike mu 2019 (linali loti liyambe mu 2018) komanso kusatsatira ma quotas kudzatanthauza chindapusa chambiri.
Palibe chatsopano. Kulengedwa kwa msika wa carbon credit market kwawonedwa kale m'misika ina, ndiko kuti, ngakhale womanga sangathe kukwaniritsa chiwerengero chokhazikitsidwa, nthawi zonse amatha kugula ngongole kuchokera kuzinthu zina, kupewa zilango.
Magetsi si yankho
Wina angayembekezere kuti ndi kuwonjezeka kwa magalimoto amagetsi pamsewu, vuto la kuwonongeka kwa mpweya lidzathetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, koma zenizeni ndizovuta kwambiri. Kuwonjezeka kwa magalimoto amagetsi kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zosiyana! Ndiko kuti, magetsi ochulukirapo ogulitsidwa, kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha.Izi ndi zotsatira za maphunziro angapo opangidwa ndi yunivesite ya Tsinghua, zomwe zinasonyeza kuti magalimoto amagetsi ku China amatulutsa tinthu ting'onoting'ono ndi makemikolo ochuluka kuwirikiza kaŵiri kapena kasanu kuposa magalimoto okhala ndi ma injini otentha. Zitheka bwanji?
An Feng, Center for Innovation for Energy and TransportZochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi zikuwonetsa kuti kuyeretsa mpweya sikudalira magalimoto amagetsi. Konzani zopangira magetsi.
Tekinoloje ndi yoyera ngati magwero anu amphamvu
Zamagetsi sizimatulutsa mpweya woipitsa, koma mphamvu zimene amafunikira zingachokere ku gwero loipitsa . Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mpweya umasinthidwa kuchoka ku galimoto kupita kumalo opangira mphamvu, ndipo ku China ndizovuta.
Kutulutsa kochokera mu tram kumasiyanasiyana
Ndi 2010 Fluence ZE, Renault idawulula momwe mpweya umasiyanasiyana kutengera dziko. Ku France, komwe mphamvu ya nyukiliya imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, mpweya umakhala 12 g/km. Ku United Kingdom, pogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri gasi ndi malasha, mpweya udakwera kufika pa 72 g/km ndipo pazovuta kwambiri, kutengera malasha okha, mpweya ukhoza kukwera mpaka 128 g/km.
Izi zili choncho chifukwa pafupifupi magawo awiri mwa magawo atatu a magetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku China amachokera ku moto wa malasha. Ngati, m'kanthawi kochepa, dzikoli lili ndi mamiliyoni a magalimoto amagetsi omwe amalumikizana ndi gridi yamagetsi kuti azilipiritsa mabatire awo, mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu idzauka, kuyaka malasha ambiri kapena gasi, choncho, kuwonjezeka kwa mpweya.
Ku Ulaya zochitika ndi zosiyana
Ku kontinenti ya ku Europe, popeza mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso zili kale gawo lodziwika bwino la kusakanikirana kwamagetsi, magetsi amachita bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimathandizira 10% kuchepetsa kutulutsa mpweya wowonjezera kutentha . Uku ndiko kutha kwa kafukufuku wa ku Norway, ataganizira za moyo wonse wa galimotoyo: kumanga, kugwiritsa ntchito (makilomita 150,000 oyenda) ndi kutaya kwake kwakukulu.Magwero abwino a mphamvu amafunikira
Kafukufuku wa Yunivesite ya Tsinghua amakayikira chigamulo cholimbikitsa mwamphamvu magalimoto amagetsi m'dzikolo asanasinthe momwe magetsi amapangidwira. Chowonadi chomwe boma la China likudziwanso ndipo njira zosinthira izi zakhazikitsidwa kale. Mapulani omanga malo enanso 85 opangira magetsi a malasha adathetsedwa ndipo pofika chaka cha 2020 chimphona cha ku Asia chidzayika ndalama zokwana madola 360 biliyoni (kuposa ma euro 305 biliyoni) mu mphamvu zowonjezera.
Pokhapokha pamene zotsatira za tramu zingakhale zopindulitsa pakapita nthawi, pogwiritsira ntchito komanso pamsonkhano wawo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi ndi kupanga mabatire kumayambitsa kuipitsa kwambiri ku China kuposa kulikonse. Kuti zinthu ziipireipire, makampani obwezeretsanso ku China sakutukuka zomwe zimabweretsa kuchulukirachulukira kwazinthu, motero magwiridwe antchito oyipa kwambiri a chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, 70% yazitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku US zimasinthidwanso, pomwe ku China ndi 11% yokha.