Ndine wa m'badwo womwe unali ndi mwayi wochitira umboni, m'zaka khumi zapitazi, kufa pang'onopang'ono kwa injini za 2-stroke panjinga zamoto. Ndikukumbukira kuti vuto lomwe lidanenedwa ku injini zomwe zidayamba kuyaka izi zidakhudzana ndi kuyaka kwamafuta mumlengalenga / mafuta osakanikirana, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale "zambiri" zotulutsa mpweya woipa. Choncho, vuto lomwelo kuti panopa ananena kwa injini Dizilo.
Monga momwe zilili tsopano ndi injini za dizilo, panthawiyo opanga angapo padziko lonse lapansi adalamulanso kutha kwa injini za 2-stroke. Ngakhale kuchulukirachulukira kwa mitundu mu injini za 2-stroke, chowonadi ndichakuti ogula adapitilizabe kuyamikira mainjiniwa. Kuphweka kwamakina ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito kunapitiriza kuwonetsedwa ngati ubwino waukulu. Nkhaniyi ndayimva kuti…?
Osayika kubetcha motsutsana ndi mainjiniya - ndi malangizo (...)
Komabe injini za 2-stroke zidatsala pang'ono kuzimiririka. Mu mpikisano palibe chizindikiro cha iwo ... koma abwerera! Chifukwa cha kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo wa jakisoni, KTM, imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za njinga zamoto ku Europe, yakwanitsa kutsitsimutsa injini za 2-stroke mu njinga zamoto za Enduro. Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi mutuwu, mutha kupita patsamba lino, apa zonse zafotokozedwa, chifukwa ichi chinali chiyambi chabe chokamba za injini za Dizilo ...
Kubwerera ku mutu wa injini za dizilo, posachedwapa zaperekedwa matekinoloje awiri kuti akhoza kusintha zochitika ndi kuchedwetsa imfa ya injini zimenezi, monga zinachitika ndi 2-sitiroko injini. Tikumane nawo?
1. ACCT (Amonia Creation and Conversion Technology)
Kuchokera ku yunivesite ya Loughborough kumabwera ACCT (Amonia Creation and Conversion Technology). Mwachizoloŵezi, iyi ndi dongosolo lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati "msampha" womwe umawononga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta NOx, zomwe, kuposa zowononga, ndizo, koposa zonse, zovulaza thanzi laumunthu.
Monga mukudziwa, injini za dizilo zaposachedwa kwambiri zomwe zimagwirizana ndi Euro 6 zili ndi makina osankha othandizira kuchepetsa (SCR) omwe amagwiritsa ntchito AdBlue fluid kuti asinthe NOx kukhala mpweya wopanda vuto. Zatsopano zatsopano za ACCT ndikulowa m'malo mwa AdBlue, ndi gulu lina lothandiza kwambiri.
Pulofesa Graham Hargrave, Yunivesite ya LoughboroughTikudziwa bwino za vuto la dizilo pakuzizira koyambira. Apa ndi pamene Dizilo limaipitsa kwambiri. (...) Dongosolo lathu limapewa kuipitsa uku muzochitika zenizeni.
Ndiye vuto ndi chiyani ndi AdBlue? Vuto lalikulu la AdBlue ndiloti limagwira ntchito pa kutentha kwakukulu - ndiko kuti, pamene injini "yotentha". M'malo mwake, ACCT imatha kusintha mpweya woipa kukhala mpweya wosaopsa panthawi yotentha kwambiri. Popeza imagwira ntchito mpaka -60º Celsius, mankhwala atsopanowa amagwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Chinachake chomwe chingathandize (zambiri!) Ma injini a dizilo pamene mulingo watsopano wa WLTP umatengedwa - zomwe mungapeze apa - zomwe zidzayesa injini pansi pamikhalidwe yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito.
2. CPC Speedstart
Dongosolo lachiwiri limachokera ku Austria ndipo linapangidwa ndi Controlled Power Technologies (CPT). Imatchedwa Speedstar ndipo yakhala ikukula kwa zaka zosachepera 15.
Monga mukuwonera pazithunzizi, Speedstar imawoneka ngati alternator - kwa iwo omwe sadziwa kuti alternator ndi chiyani, ndi gawo lomwe limasintha mphamvu ya kinetic ya injini kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi kudzera pa lamba. Vuto la alternators ndiloti amapanga inertia pogwiritsira ntchito injini zoyaka moto ndipo motero amachepetsa mphamvu zawo zowonjezera mphamvu - zomwe mwachibadwa zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Malingaliro a CPT ndikuti Speedstar ilowa m'malo mwa alternators wamba.
Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito Speedstar ndiyosavuta. Injini ikapanda katundu, imagwira ntchito ngati jenereta yamagetsi (monga ma alternators), kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wakuyenda kwa injini kupanga mpaka 13kW yamphamvu yamagetsi. Pamene ikunyamula, Speedstar imasiya kugwira ntchito ngati jenereta ya mphamvu ndipo imayamba kugwira ntchito ngati injini yothandizira ku injini yoyaka moto, yopereka mphamvu mpaka 7kW.
Chifukwa cha chithandizo ichi (zonse zosungirako ndi kupereka mphamvu) Speedstar imatha kuchepetsa mpweya wa NOx mpaka 9% ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpaka 4.5% - izi mu injini ya dizilo ya 3.0 V6. Speedstar imatha kugwira ntchito ndi magetsi a 12, 14 ndi 48V.
Pofuna kuziziritsa, dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito dera lozizira lomwelo monga injini. Ubwino wina wa dongosololi ndikuti ukhozanso kusinthidwa kukhala injini zamafuta. Choncho ndi nkhani yabwino basi.
Kodi Dizilo athadi?
Osayika kubetcherana motsutsana ndi mainjiniya - ndiye upangiri. Anyamatawa ali ndi kuthekera kotipangitsa ife kumeza, kupyolera mu zotsutsana zomwe iwo amapanga, zoonadi zambiri zomwe tinkaganiza kuti sizingachitike. Titha kukumana ndi imodzi mwamilandu iyi ndi kufa kolengezedwa, kotsimikizika komanso kosatsutsika kwa injini za Dizilo. Kapena sizikutsimikiza ... ndi nthawi yokha yomwe idzafotokozere.
Ndipo inde, mutu wa nkhaniyi unali kunena za mkangano wotchuka pakati pa Álvaro Cunhal ndi Mário Soares - ziwerengero ziwiri m'mbiri yathu zomwe sizikusowa kutchula. Ndipo andale, monga mainjiniya, nthawi zambiri amasintha miyendo yathu - osatchulanso mainjiniya omwenso ndi andale. Koma uku kunali kuphulika ...