Audi anaganiza zopita patsogolo, ponena za kusintha kwa magalimoto, ndi lingaliro lomwe siliri lachilendo mu malonda a magalimoto koma limabweretsa phindu lalikulu. Dziwani akasupe atsopano a fiberglass a Audi.
Kufanana ndi ndalama pa chitukuko cha injini kwambiri kothandiza ndi zipangizo gulu kuti amalola kuchepetsa kulemera, pamene kuwonjezera structural kulimba chassis ndi matupi, Audi kachiwiri kutembenukira kwa zipangizo gulu, ntchito mu zigawo zina .
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Audi yadzipereka kukulitsa ndi kukulitsa lusoli, zonse ndi cholinga chimodzi: kupulumutsa kulemera, potero kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ndi kusamalira zitsanzo zake zamtsogolo.
Ili ndiye fashoni yatsopano ya dipatimenti yofufuza ndi chitukuko ya Audi: the helical fiberglass ndi ma polima amalimbitsa akasupe oponderezedwa . Lingaliro lomwe linali litagwiritsidwa ntchito kale ndi Chevrolet, mu Corvette C4 mu 1984.
Kudetsa nkhawa kwakukulu ndi kulemera kwa kuyimitsidwa, komanso chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu kwa zinthu zoyimitsidwa pa ntchito ndi kumwa, kunachititsa Audi kuganizira za chitukuko cha kuyimitsidwa kopepuka. Izi ziyenera kubweretsa kupindula momveka bwino potengera kulemera kwake, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso kuyankha kwamphamvu kuchokera kumitundu yake.
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Khama laukadaulo la Audi, limodzi ndi Joachim Schmitt pamutu wa ntchitoyi, adapeza mgwirizano wabwino mu kampani yaku Italy ya SOGEFI, yomwe ili ndi chilolezo chophatikizana chaukadaulo ndi mtundu wa Ingolstadt.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani ndi akasupe ochiritsira achitsulo?
Joachim Schmitt amayika kusiyana kwake: mu Audi A4, pomwe kuyimitsidwa kumayambira kutsogolo kumalemera mpaka 2.66kg iliyonse, akasupe atsopano a fiberglass amalimbitsa ma polima (GFRP) amangolemera 1.53kg iliyonse pa seti yomweyo. Kusiyanitsa kolemetsa kopitilira 40%, ndi mulingo womwewo wa magwiridwe antchito ndi maubwino owonjezera omwe tidzakufotokozerani kwakanthawi.
Kodi akasupe a GFRP atsopanowa amapangidwa bwanji?
Kubwerera pang'ono ku akasupe oponderezana a koyilo, amapangidwa kuti adziunjikira mphamvu panthawi yoponderezedwa ndikuwagwiritsa ntchito kuti akule. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku waya wachitsulo, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical. Pamene kuli kofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zapamwamba za torsional m'malo ang'onoang'ono, mawaya amapangidwa ndi maonekedwe ena, kuphatikizapo helical yofanana, motero amapanga ozungulira pamapeto aliwonse.
Kapangidwe ka akasupe
Mapangidwe a akasupe atsopanowa ali ndi maziko omwe amapangidwa kudzera mu mpukutu wautali wa fiberglass, wolukidwa ndi wothiridwa ndi epoxy resin, pomwe pambuyo pake makina amakhala ndi udindo wokukuta ma spirals ndi ulusi wowonjezera wamagulu, pamakona a ± 45 °, mbali ya longitudinal.
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Chithandizochi ndi chofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa ndikulumikizana pakati pa zigawo zomwe zimathandizirana kuti zipatse masika owonjezera kupsinjika ndi ma torsion. Mwanjira imeneyi, zonyamula katundu kudzera mu kasupe zimasinthidwa ndi ulusi kukhala elasticity ndi compression mphamvu.
Gawo lomaliza lopanga
M'chigawo chomaliza chopanga, kasupe akadali wonyowa komanso wofewa. Ndipamene zitsulo zachitsulo zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kochepa kosungunuka zimayambitsidwa, ndiyeno kasupe wa GFRP amawotchedwa mu uvuni wopitirira 100 °, kotero kuti alloy zitsulo amatha kusakanikirana mogwirizana, ndi kuuma kwa fiberglass. .
Ubwino wa akasupe a GFRP awa ndi otani, poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zachikhalidwe?
Kuphatikiza pa kulemera koonekeratu kwa 40% pa kasupe, akasupe a GFRP samakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri, ngakhale pambuyo pa makilomita ambiri ndi zokopa ndi ming'alu zowonekera m'mapangidwe awo. Kuphatikiza apo, sizingalowe m'madzi, ndiye kuti, sizingagwirizane ndi zinthu zina zowononga, monga zotsukira mawilo.
Ubwino wina wa akasupe awa a GFRP okhudzana ndi kudalirika kwawo komanso kukhazikika kwawo, komwe adawonetsedwa pamayesero kuti athe kuthamanga 300,000 Km popanda kutaya zinthu zotanuka, zomwe zimaposa moyo wothandiza wa omwe akuyimitsidwa, omwe amawombera. .
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Iyi ndiyo njira yoyamba yomwe Audi yakhala ikupanga ma prototypes ake oyesa, isanayambe kupanga masauzande a zigawozi pachaka.
Malinga ndi mtundu wa mphete, kupanga akasupe awa muzinthu zophatikizika kumafuna mphamvu zochepa kuposa akasupe achitsulo achikhalidwe, komabe, mtengo wawo womaliza ndi wokwera pang'ono, chomwe ndi chinthu chomwe chingalepheretse kukula kwawo kwa zaka zingapo. Pakutha kwa chaka, Audi akuyembekezeka kulengeza akasupe awa amtundu wapamwamba kwambiri.