Mu 1957, Fiat inayamba kuwuka kuchokera pambuyo pa nkhondo ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Nuova 500, mini ya m'tauni, yoyenera kufooka kwachuma cha Italiya (poyamba), komanso ku Ulaya. Zaka 63 pambuyo pake, idadzipangiranso ndipo 500 yatsopano idakhala magetsi okha, kukhala chitsanzo choyamba cha Gulu kukhala chotere.
The 500 ndi imodzi mwa zitsanzo za Fiat zokhala ndi malire abwino kwambiri, ogulitsidwa mozungulira 20% pamwamba pa mpikisano, chifukwa cha mapangidwe ake a retro omwe amadzutsa dolce vita zakale za Nuova 500 zoyambirira.
Yakhazikitsidwa mu 2007, m'badwo wachiwiri ukupitirizabe kutchuka kwambiri, ndi malonda apachaka nthawi zonse pakati pa 150,000 ndi 200,000 mayunitsi, osayanjanitsika ndi lamulo la moyo lomwe limaphunzitsa kuti galimoto yakale, imakhala yochepa kwambiri yomwe imakopa ogula. Kutsimikizira mawonekedwe ake - ndipo zithunzi zimangosangalatsa ndi ukalamba - m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi zidafikira kulembetsa 190 000.
kubetcherana m'njira yoyenera
Kubetcha pagalimoto yatsopano yamagetsi ya 500 kumawoneka ngati, motero, gawo lofunikira panjira yoyenera. Fiat adatenga nthawi kuti adziwe galimoto yake yamagetsi ya 100% yomwe - ngati titapatula 500e yoyamba kuchokera ku 2013, cholinga chachitsanzo chopangidwa kuti chigwirizane ndi malamulo a California (USA) - chinali choyamba cha Fiat Chrysler Group, chomwe chimasonyeza kuchedwa. ku North America Consortium mu gawo ili.
Amene zikomo Mr. "Tesla" yemwe akuwona kale matumba ake odzaza ndi ndalama zomwe akukonzekera kugulitsa ku FCA, kutali ndi kukwaniritsa zolinga za CO2 za 2020/2021.
Lembetsani ku kalata yathu yamakalata
Ndipo kufulumira kumeneku kuchepetsa mpweya wa CO2 nthawi yomweyo kumatsimikizira kuti, mu ndondomeko ya mgwirizano womwe uli pafupi pakati pa FCA ndi Groupe PSA, sizingatheke kudikirira kusintha kwa nsanja yamagetsi ya ku France ku zitsanzo za ku Italy pambuyo poti mgwirizanowu udzatha kumaliza mgwirizano wawo. , kwenikweni, zomwe ziyenera kuchitika m'chigawo choyamba cha chaka chamawa.
Magawo a 80,000 a magetsi atsopano a 500 omwe akuyembekezeredwa kwa chaka choyamba chopanga (pa fakitale ya Mirafiori yokonzedwanso kwambiri) idzakhala chithandizo chamtengo wapatali kuti chiwonongeko ku FCA chiyambe kupangidwa.
Zamagetsi, inde… Koma koposa zonse 500
Chifukwa chake, iyi ndi imodzi mwamagalimoto omwe adakwanitsa kutsata zakale ndikuziphatikiza ndi mizere yamakono m'njira yokopa padziko lonse lapansi, popanda kukalamba. Ndipo ndi chitsanzo chomwe chili ndi chifaniziro chapamwamba kwambiri kuposa cha Fiats ena, mpaka lero, CEO wa Renault Group, Italy Luca De Meo, anabwera, m'masiku ake monga woyang'anira malonda a Fiat, kuti aganizire kupanga sub-brand 500…
Ichi ndichifukwa chake, ngakhale ndi nsanja yatsopano komanso makina opangira zinthu zomwe sizinachitikepo (Laura Farina, injiniya wamkulu, amanditsimikizira kuti "zosakwana 4% za zigawo zachitsanzo chatsopano zimatengedwa kuchokera m'mbuyomu"), 500 yatsopano yamagetsi yakhala ikugwira ntchito. adatengera madiresi, osinthidwa, kuchokera ku 500, lingaliro lofunikira, malinga ndi a Klaus Busse, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wa mapangidwe ku FCA Europe:
"Pamene tinayambitsa mpikisano wamkati wa Fiat yamagetsi yamagetsi, tinalandira malingaliro osiyana kwambiri ndi ena mwa malo athu a kalembedwe, koma kwa ine zinali zoonekeratu kuti iyi idzakhala njira yopita patsogolo".
Galimotoyo inakula (masentimita 5.6 m'litali ndi masentimita 6.1 m'lifupi), koma chiwerengerocho chinatsalira, ndikungowona kuti kukula kwa misewu ndi masentimita 5 kunachititsanso kuti magudumu awonongeke, kuti galimotoyo ikhale yochuluka " wamisala”.
Busse akufotokozanso kuti "500 kuchokera ku 1957 inali ndi nkhope yachisoni ndipo chifukwa inali gudumu lakumbuyo silinkafuna grille yakutsogolo, 500 ya 2007 inali yomwetulira, koma Fiat adapeza njira yaukadaulo kuti apange kakang'ono, kotsika. Grille ya radiator ndipo tsopano Novo 500, yomwe nkhope yake yakhala yovuta kwambiri, imasiyanitsidwa ndi grill chifukwa sifunika kuziziritsa pakalibe injini yoyaka "(grill yaing'ono yopingasa yotsika imagwiritsidwa ntchito poziziritsa mphamvu yayikulu) .
Interior Revolution I
Mu 500 watsopano, mkati ndi bwino kwambiri, ndicho ndi dongosolo kwambiri infotainment ntchito ndi Fiat mpaka pano. Ndipo pali zatsopano za "Dolce Vita" monga phokoso lochenjeza oyenda pansi za kukhalapo kwanu, lamulo lalamulo pa liwiro la 5 mpaka 20 km / h. Zili choncho, tiyeni tiyang'ane nazo, ndi zabwino kwambiri kuchenjezedwa ndi nyimbo zoyimba za Nino Rota ku filimu yotchedwa Amarcord (yolemba Federico Fellini) kusiyana ndi kung'ung'udza kwa cyborg monga zimachitika m'magalimoto ambiri amagetsi masiku ano.
Pali zopindulitsa mu livability chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa m'lifupi ndi kutalika (wheelbase wawonjezeka ndi 2 cm) ndipo izi zimaonekera makamaka m'lifupi mapewa kutsogolo osati kwambiri legroom kumbuyo komwe kumakhala kolimba kwambiri.
Ndidayesa kukhala kumbuyo kwa gudumu lagalimoto ya 2007 ndipo iyi kuyambira 2020 ndikusiya kuvulaza chigongono changa chakumanzere pachitseko kapena bondo langa lakumanja motsutsana ndi dera lozungulira chosankha zida, pakadali pano chifukwa palibe kufalitsa kwachikale, chifukwa pali ndi zambiri ufulu danga pansi ndi pansi pa galimoto wakhala flattened. Zotsatira zake, console yapakati imakhala ndi malo amodzi osungiramo zinthu zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zilipo kale zikuwonjezera voliyumu yake ndi 4.2 l.
Chipinda cha glove chimakhalanso chachikulu kwambiri ndipo madontho (mmalo mwa "kugwa") atatsegulidwa, zomwe sizili zofala mu gawo ili, koma zida za dashboard (zambiri zazikulu kwambiri kuposa zomwe zidalipo kale) ndi mapanelo a zitseko zonse zimakhala zovuta, monga mungayembekezere: pambuyo pake, izi ndizochitika ndi magalimoto onse amagetsi, ngakhale magalimoto apamwamba kwambiri ndi zitsanzo zonse za gawo la A. Mzere wachiwiri, zopindula sizikuwoneka bwino.
Kusintha kwamkati II
Dashboard ndi yathyathyathyathya ndipo imakhala ndi zowongolera zochepa (zomwe zilipo zikuwoneka ngati makiyi a piyano) ndikuwonjezera chithunzithunzi chatsopano cha 10.25" infotainment (mu mtundu uno), wosinthika mokwanira kuti wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense athe kuwona mosavuta zinthu zomwe akufuna kuziganizira. kuti zikhale zogwirizana kwambiri.
Zithunzi, kuthamanga kwa ntchito, kuthekera kolumikizana nthawi imodzi ndi mafoni awiri a m'manja, kusinthika kwa mbiri ya ogwiritsa ntchito asanu kumapanga kudumpha kwachulukidwe poyerekeza ndi zomwe Fiat anali nazo pamsika mpaka pano ndipo ndi gawo la zida zodziwika bwino za izi. okonzeka kukhazikitsa "La Prima" (mayunitsi 500 pa dziko lonse la cabrio, ogulitsidwa kale, ndipo tsopano ena 500 a denga lolimba, ndi mitengo yoyambira pa € 34,900).
Pali matabwa okwera okha, kuwongolera maulendo anzeru, kulumikizidwa kwa AppleCar ndi Android Auto opanda zingwe komanso kulipiritsa mafoni opanda zingwe, HD kamera yakumbuyo yakumbuyo, mabuleki adzidzidzi ndi kuzindikira kwa oyenda pansi ndi apanjinga, komanso mkati ndi zida zobwezerezedwanso ndi chikopa cha eco ( mapulasitiki otengedwa m’nyanja), kutanthauza kuti palibe nyama imene inaperekedwa nsembe pa kuphedwa kwake.
Chida cha 7 "chidanso ndi digito ndipo chimalola masanjidwe, omwe amalola kuti chidziwitso chochuluka chipezeke pakati pa oyang'anira awiriwa, opezeka mosavuta, malinga ndi zomwe zinali zotheka kumvetsetsa muzochitika zoyamba kumbuyo kwa gudumu, zomwe zinachitika pa mzinda wa Turin, kupitilira mwezi umodzi usanaperekedwe kwa atolankhani, zomwe zidzachitikenso ku mzinda wa Fiat.
Kulonjeza kuyendetsa galimoto
Ngakhale ndi mafunso ochepa m'maganizo - monga momwe Fiat adzagulitsa 500 kuchokera ku m'badwo wakale, womwe umakhalapo ngati wosakanizidwa wofatsa (wofatsa-wosakanizidwa), pamodzi ndi 100% yamagetsi 500, koma yomwe ili yodzaza- zatsopano komanso pafupifupi kuwirikiza mtengo, ngakhale mitundu ya "kufikira" ikafika pakutha chaka chisanathe - ziyembekezo zinali zazikulu kuwona momwe chifuwa chatsopano chochokera ku mtundu waku Italy chidayendera.
Zina zofunika kuti tizindikire zomwe tili nazo, zomwe zidafotokozedwa ndi injiniya wamkulu, Laura Farina, ngakhale ulendo wa mphindi 45 usanayambe, osapitirira 28 km:
"Batire, yopangidwa ndi Samsung, imayikidwa pakati pa ma axle pansi pa galimoto, ndi lithiamu ion ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu ya 42 kWh ndi kulemera kwa 290 kg, kubweretsa kulemera kwa galimoto mpaka 1300 kg, kudyetsa galimoto yamagetsi yakutsogolo ya 118 hp”.
Chifukwa cha chinthu cholemera chapansi ichi, mphamvu yokoka ya galimoto yatsika ndipo kugawidwa kwa anthu ambiri kumakhala koyenera (Akazi a Farina amaika pa 52% -48%, motsutsana ndi 60% -40% m'malo mwake mafuta) , kulonjeza machitidwe osalowerera ndale.
Pomaliza, kumbuyo kwa gudumu lamagetsi atsopano a 500
Ndimatsegula chivundikiro cha chinsalu chomwe chimapita ku chivindikiro cha thunthu - ndi 185 l yofanana ndi 500 yakale - kupangitsa ulendowo kukhala wowoneka bwino komanso wowoneka bwino, koma kumalepheretsa kuwonekera kumbuyo, ndipo ndimayesetsa kupangitsa kuti makutu afikire nyimbo zotsitsimula - kapena mosemphanitsa - mosemphanitsa - koma popanda kupambana, osachepera m'malo otseguka (ndipo ndizomveka: ndikuchenjeza oyenda pansi, osati dalaivala, za kukhalapo kwa galimoto yomwe ikugubuduza "mu slippers").
Chiwongolero posakhalitsa chinapeza mfundo zokhoza tsopano kusinthidwa mozama (yekhayo m'kalasi), komanso kutalika ndi malo ena ochepa kuti mukhale ndi "kugona" pang'ono (zochepera 1.5º), kukhazikitsa. kamvekedwe kosangalatsa kwa mphindi 45 pagalimoto.
Misewu ya m'tawuni ya likulu la Piedmontese ili ndi maenje ndi mabala, kuwonetseratu kuti, ngakhale atayang'aniridwa kuti ayankhe bwino pakati pa chitonthozo ndi kukhazikika, magetsi atsopano a 500 amaponda molimba kwambiri kuposa omwe adayambitsa.
Nthawi zina kuyimitsidwa kumakhala phokoso laling'ono ndikugwedeza thupi (ndi mafupa aumunthu mkati), koma polipira pali zomveka bwino pakukhazikika (mwachilolezo cha mayendedwe otambasulidwa otere). Zovuta zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kuperekedwa kwanthawi yomweyo kwa 220 Nm ya torque, tikakhala ndi phazi lolemera, zimayendetsedwa bwino ndi exle yakutsogolo, osachepera pozungulira ndi phula ndi mikangano yabwino yomwe timanyamula panjira.
Ma 3.1s kuchokera ku 0 mpaka 50 km / h amatha kupanga magetsi atsopano 500 mfumu yamagalimoto ndikusiya Ferrari yowoneka bwino ndi kutentha kwapamtima, koma sikoyenera kutengera nyimbo zamtunduwu, zomwe zimatsimikizika kuti zilipidwa. nsembe yodzilamulira .
Mulimonsemo, zolembazi zimakhala zogwirizana kwambiri kuposa kuthamanga kwa 0 mpaka 100 km / h mu 9s, poganizira kuti 500 idzathera gawo lalikulu la kukhalapo kwake m'nkhalango za m'tauni. Komwe kutembenuka kwa mainchesi a 9 m kapena kachipangizo katsopano ka 360 ° komwe kamalola kupanga mawonekedwe a zenithal, ngati kugwidwa ndi drone, ndikothandiza kwambiri.
Kupita patali?
Mainjiniya aku Italy amalankhula 320 km (WLTP cycle) kudziyimira pawokha ndi zina zambiri mumzinda, koma chotsimikizika ndichakuti ndidangoyendetsa 27 km mumzinda ndipo batire idatsika ndi 10%, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwapakati komwe kumawonetsedwa pazidazo kunali 14.7 kWh / 100 km. zomwe sizingakulole kuti mupitirire 285 km pa batire limodzi lathunthu.
Ndi kuchulukitsidwa kwa mbiriyi kukwaniritsidwa mu Range mode, imodzi mwa zitatu zomwe zilipo komanso zomwe zimathandiza kuti zipite patsogolo, chifukwa zimawonjezera mphamvu yokonzanso kupyolera mu kuchepa.
Mitundu ina iwiri ndi Normal ndi Sherpa. Zakale zimalola kuti galimotoyo ipitirire kwambiri - mochuluka kwambiri, ngakhale - ndipo chotsiriziracho chimatseka zipangizo zowononga mabatire monga mpweya ndi kutentha kwa mipando, monga kalozera wokhulupirika ku Himalayas, kuonetsetsa kuti katundu wake wamtengo wapatali akufika kumene akupita.
Ndidamva mnzanga waku nyuzipepala yaku Spain akudandaula kuti kutsika kwa Range mode kunali kopitilira muyeso, izi zisanachitike. Sindimakonda kusagwirizana chifukwa chosagwirizana, koma ndi njira yomwe ndimakonda kwambiri, chifukwa imakupatsani mwayi woyendetsa "pokhapokha ndi pedal imodzi" (chopondapo chowongolera, kuyiwala brake) ngati njirayo ikuchitika bwino - kuyang'anira njira yoyenera pedal , sipamakhala wovuta braking, m'malo mwake mumamva kuti mukuthamanga komanso kuthamanga nthawi yomweyo. Njira yoyendetsera yomwe ingakhale yolakwika m'galimoto yokhala ndi injini yoyaka, koma zomwe zimawonjezera zabwino pano.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti mu Sherpa mode, liwiro limakhala lochepera 80 km / h (ndipo mphamvu sizidutsa 77 hp), koma kutulutsa kwakukulu kumangoyenda pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pansi pa accelerator, kuti pasakhale vuto. kusautsika poyang'anizana ndi kusowa kwadzidzidzi kwa mphamvu.
Kulipiritsa 100% ya batire mu alternating current (AC) mpaka 11 kW kudzatenga 4h15min (mpaka 3kW idzakhala 15h), koma pakuchapira mwachangu molunjika (DC, yomwe 500 yatsopano ili ndi chingwe cha Mode 3) mpaka pazipita 85 kW, ndondomeko yomweyo zingatenge zosaposa mphindi 35.
Ndipo, bola mutakhala ndi malo ochapira mwachangu pafupi, mutha kuwonjezera kudziyimira pawokha kwa 50 km osapitilira mphindi zisanu - nthawi yopumira cappuccino - ndikuyamba ulendo wobwerera kunyumba.
Fiat imaphatikizapo bokosi la khoma pamtengo wa galimotoyo, yomwe imalola kulipira kunyumba ndi mphamvu ya 3 kW, yomwe ingakhale (pa mtengo wowonjezera) kuposa kuwirikiza kawiri mpaka 7.4 kW, kulola kuti mtengo umodzi wathunthu uchitike mu maola oposa asanu ndi limodzi. .
Mfundo zaukadaulo
| Fiat 500 "La Prima" | |
|---|---|
| galimoto yamagetsi | |
| Udindo | Patsogolo |
| Mtundu | Permanent Magnet Asynchronous |
| mphamvu | ku 118hp |
| Binary | 220 nm |
| Ng'oma | |
| Mtundu | lithiamu ions |
| Mphamvu | 42kw pa |
| Chitsimikizo | Zaka 8/160 000 Km (70% ya katundu) |
| Kukhamukira | |
| Kukoka | Patsogolo |
| Bokosi la gear | gearbox imodzi yothamanga |
| Chassis | |
| Kuyimitsidwa | FR: Wodziimira - MacPherson; TR: Semi-rigid, Torque Bar |
| mabuleki | FR: Ma diski olowera mpweya; TR: Ng'oma |
| Mayendedwe | thandizo lamagetsi |
| Chiwerengero cha matembenuzidwe a chiwongolero | 3.0 |
| kutembenuka kwapakati | 9.6 m |
| Makulidwe ndi Maluso | |
| Comp. x m'lifupi x Alt. | 3632mm x 1683mm x 1527mm |
| Kutalika pakati pa olamulira | 2322 mm |
| kuchuluka kwa sutikesi | 185l ndi |
| Magudumu | 205/40 R17 |
| Kulemera | 1330 kg |
| Kugawa Kulemera | 52% -48% (FR-TR) |
| Zopereka ndi kudya | |
| Kuthamanga kwakukulu | 150 km/h (zochepa pamagetsi) |
| 0-50 Km/h | 3.1s |
| 0-100 Km/h | 9.0s ku |
| Kuphatikizana | 13.8 kWh / 100 Km |
| CO2 mpweya | 0g/km |
| Kudzilamulira pamodzi | 320 km |
| Kutsegula | |
| 0-100% | AC - 3 kW, 3:30 pm; AC - 11 kW, 4h15min; DC - 85 kW, 35min |