Toyota, yomwe inali patsogolo pa chisinthiko ndi kusintha kwa galimoto kupita ku chikhalidwe chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika - munali mu 1997 pamene Toyota Prius inayamba malonda ake, osakanizidwa oyambirira opangidwa ndi mndandanda -, iyeneranso "kuwonjezeranso manja".
Gawo lapadziko lonse lapansi lomwe mtundu waku Japan umagwira ntchito likusintha mwachangu ndipo zovuta za chilengedwe zomwe timakumana nazo ziyenera kukumana - kutentha kwa dziko, kuwonongeka kwa mpweya ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zochepa.
Tekinoloje ya Hybrid yokha sikuwoneka yokwanira, ngakhale kukhudzidwa kwa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto osakanizidwa opangidwa kuyambira 1997 - oposa 12 miliyoni, ofanana ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa matani 90 miliyoni a CO2 omwe adatulutsidwa. Chiwerengero chomwe chikuyembekezeka kukula kwambiri m'zaka zikubwerazi, ndikukula kwaukadaulo kumitundu yambiri - cholinga chogulitsa magalimoto amagetsi okwana 1.5 miliyoni pachaka mu 2020 chidafika kale mu 2017, kotero kufunikira sikungachepe.
Kodi Toyota imathandizira bwanji kuyika magetsi kwamitundu yake?
Toyota Hybrid System II (THS II)
The THS II ikupitirizabe kukhala mndandanda / dongosolo lofanana la hybrid, mwa kuyankhula kwina, injini zonse zoyaka moto ndi injini yamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusuntha galimotoyo, ndi injini yamafuta imathanso kukhala ngati jenereta yamagetsi kuti igwire ntchito. galimoto yamagetsi. Ma injini amatha kuthamanga padera kapena palimodzi, kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri, nthawi zonse kumayang'ana bwino kwambiri.
Dongosololi lakonzedwa kale zaka khumi zikubwerazi (2020-2030) ndipo cholinga chake ndi chodziwikiratu. Pofika chaka cha 2030 Toyota ikufuna kugulitsa magalimoto amagetsi oposa 5.5 miliyoni pachaka, pomwe miliyoni imodzi idzakhala magalimoto amagetsi a 100% - kaya ndi batri kapena mafuta.
Njirayi idakhazikitsidwa ndi kukwera mwachangu pakupanga ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa magalimoto ambiri osakanizidwa (HEV, galimoto yamagetsi yosakanizidwa), magalimoto osakanizidwa (PHEV, plug-in hybrid magetsi amagetsi), magalimoto amagetsi a batri (BEV, galimoto yamagetsi ya batri. ) ndi magalimoto amagetsi amafuta (FCEV, galimoto yamagetsi yamafuta).
Chifukwa chake, mu 2025, mitundu yonse yamtundu wa Toyota (kuphatikiza Lexus) idzakhala ndi mtundu wamagetsi kapena mtundu wokhala ndi magetsi okha, kuchepetsa ziro zitsanzo zomwe zidapangidwa popanda kuyika magetsi.
Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa zitsanzo zamagetsi za 10 100% m'zaka zikubwerazi, kuyambira ku China ndi mtundu wamagetsi wa C-HR wotchuka mu 2020. Pambuyo pake 100% yamagetsi ya Toyota idzayambitsidwa pang'onopang'ono ku Japan, India, States United of America. , ndipo ndithudi, ku Ulaya.
Tikanena za magetsi, nthawi yomweyo timagwirizanitsa mabatire, koma ku Toyota amatanthauzanso mafuta cell . Mu 2014 Toyota anapezerapo Mirai, woyamba mafuta cell saloon opangidwa mu mndandanda, ndipo panopa kugulitsa mu Japan, USA ndi Europe. Pamene tikulowa m'zaka khumi zikubwerazi, magalimoto oyendetsa magetsi amtundu wa mafuta adzawonjezedwa osati kwa magalimoto okwera anthu komanso magalimoto amalonda.
Kubetcha kosakanizidwa kolimbitsa
Kubetcherana pa ma hybrids ndikupitilira ndikulimbitsa. Munali mu 1997 pamene tinakumana ndi haibridi yoyamba yopangidwa ndi mndandanda, Toyota Prius, koma lero mitundu yosakanizidwa imachokera ku Yaris yaing'ono kwambiri mpaka ya RAV4 ya bulkier.
Toyota Hybrid System II, yomwe ilipo kale mu Prius ndi C-HR yatsopano, idzakulitsidwa ku zitsanzo zatsopano zomwe zatsala pang'ono kugunda msika, monga Corolla yobwerera (ndi yatsopano). Koma 122 hp 1.8 HEV yodziwika bwino posachedwa idzaphatikizidwa ndi haibridi yamphamvu kwambiri. Zikhala kwa Toyota Corolla yatsopano kutulutsa 2.0 HEV yatsopano, yokhala ndi juicier 180 hp.
Kusiyanasiyana kwatsopano kumeneku kumawonjezera mphamvu zamtundu wachinayi wosakanizidwa, monga momwe mafuta amathandizira, komanso kuyankha bwino komanso kutsata, koma akuwonjezera. mphamvu zambiri, kuthamangira komanso kukhala ndi malingaliro osinthika. Malinga ndi Toyota, ichi ndi lingaliro lapadera, popanda injini ina wamba yomwe imatha kupereka kuphatikiza komweko kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi mpweya wochepa.
Injini yoyatsira ya 2.0 Dynamic Force, ngakhale idadzipereka kwambiri pakugwira ntchito, siyinayiwale bwino, yokhala ndi chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha 14: 1, ndikufika pa benchmark 40% kutentha kwachangu, kapena 41% ikaphatikizidwa ndi hybrid system , chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi utsi ndi dongosolo lozizira. Injiniyi imakumana ndi malamulo apano komanso amtsogolo omwe amatulutsa mpweya.
Malingaliro atsopanowa adzawonetsedwa ndi Toyota Corolla yatsopano, koma idzafika pamitundu yambiri, monga C-HR.
Pamene tikulowa m'zaka khumi zikubwerazi, kukula kwa teknoloji yosakanizidwa ku zitsanzo zambiri kukupitiriza, zonse ndi 2.0 yatsopanoyi, ndi mbali ina ya sipekitiramu, tiwona kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo losavuta la haibridi, kuti likhale ndi mitundu yonse ya makasitomala.
Izi zimathandizidwa ndi