M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, zambiri zasintha m'makampani opanga magalimoto, ndipo kuyatsa sikunatetezedwe ndi kusinthaku. Nyali za halogen, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zida zatsopano zomwe zidachoka kufakitale, zapereka njira zotsogola zaukadaulo komanso zogwira mtima, monga xenon, LED kapena nyali za laser. Komabe, sikophweka nthawi zonse kusiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu inayi ya kuyatsa. Tiyeni tiyambire pachiyambi.
halogen
Ngati pakali pano muyang'ana pawindo ndikusankha galimoto mwachisawawa, ndizothekabe kuti ili ndi nyali za halogen. M’malo mwake, yankho limeneli linayambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 100 zapitazi ndipo lakhalapo mpaka lero.
Mofanana ndi mababu a m'nyumba, mababu ounikirawa amakhala ndi tungsten filament mkati mwa mpweya wa gasi (halogen). M'zaka za m'ma 90, zokutira za nyali zapamutu zinayamba kupangidwa ndi polycarbonate - ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosaoneka bwino komanso / kapena zachikasu, zinthuzi zimakhala zopepuka komanso zosagwirizana ndi galasi ndipo zimalola kuwunikiranso kudzera muzowunikira.
Ngakhale kuti si njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vutoli masiku ano, sizowopsa kuti nyali za halogen zakhala nthawi yaitali - kuphatikizapo zotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kusamalira / kubwezeretsa, zimakhala ndi moyo wa maola 500 mpaka 1000. Choyipa chachikulu ndikutaya mphamvu, makamaka ngati kutentha.
Xenon
Poyerekeza ndi nyali za halogen, kuunikira kwa xenon kumasiyanitsidwa ndi kutulutsa kowala komanso kowala kwambiri, komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kutenthetsa chisakanizo cha mpweya, womwe umapezekanso mumlengalenga pang'ono.
Kuyambika kwa BMW 7 Series mu 1991, kuyatsa kwamtunduwu kwamtundu wa xenon kudakhala demokalase m'makampani oyendetsa magalimoto kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lino, kusuntha kuchoka pakukhala njira kupita ku zida zokhazikika pamitundu yatsopano yopangira. Kuphatikiza pa kukhala kwanthawi yayitali (mpaka maola 2000) komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, kuyatsa kwa xenon ndikokwera mtengo.
LED
Acronym for Light Emitting Diode, magetsi a LED ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa kuunikira masiku ano - osati m'makampani opanga magalimoto okha. Pazifukwa ziwiri zazikulu: mphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri komanso miyeso yaying'ono.
Chifukwa ndi ma diode ang'onoang'ono a semiconductor omwe amatulutsa kuwala pamene magetsi akugwiritsidwa ntchito, magetsi a LED amatha kuwongolera kwambiri. Mutha kuzigwiritsa ntchito pamagetsi akutsogolo, ma brake magetsi, ma siginecha otembenukira, magetsi a chifunga kapena mbali ina iliyonse yagalimoto; ndizotheka kusintha mtundu wake kapena mapangidwe ake; ndizothekanso kuyatsa madera ang'onoang'ono m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, kuti musayang'ane magalimoto omwe akubwera, mwachitsanzo. Komabe ... loto la dipatimenti iliyonse yojambula.
Poyambirira zokhazokha ku zitsanzo zamtengo wapatali, zochepa ndizo zitsanzo zamakono zomwe sizimapereka kuunikira kwa LED ngati njira - ngakhale mu gawo la B. Koma sizinthu zonse zomwe zili zangwiro: zovuta zazikulu zomwe zasonyezedwa ku magetsi a LED ndi mtengo komanso kuti angathe. kutulutsa kutentha kosafunikira kuzungulira zigawo zoyandikana.
Laser
Maloto a aliyense wokonda Star Wars saga: kukhala ndi galimoto yokhala ndi nyali za laser. Mwamwayi, matabwa a laser sagwiritsidwa ntchito pano kuwononga ma stormtroopers kapena magalimoto akutsogolo, koma kuti apeze mphamvu ndi zowunikira zambiri kuposa mababu achikhalidwe. Ndipo mu "nkhondo yowunikira" iyi inali Audi yomwe idapambana.
BMW inali yoyamba kulengeza yankho ili mu chitsanzo chopanga, pankhaniyi BMW i8, koma Audi ankayembekezera mtundu wa Bavaria popanga teknolojiyi pa R8 LMX, yopanga zochepa.
Ukadaulo uwu umachokera ku minyewa ya laser yolunjika pa magalasi, omwe ali ndi udindo wotembenuza komwe kuwalako ndikukutumiza kudzera mumtambo wamafuta achikasu a phosphorescent. Chotsatira: kuwala koyera kwambiri (mu BMW i8 kungathe kuunikira mtunda wa mamita 600, malinga ndi mtundu), mofanana bwino komanso kumachepetsa maso.
Choyipa chachikulu ndi ... mtengo. Ndi njira yomwe ingakhale 10.000 euros.