Imodoka zamashanyarazi zahindutse kumuvuduko ushimishije. Tekereza gusa ko hashize imyaka 20, imodoka ikoreshwa na bateri ishobora kugenda ibirometero 115 kuri charge (nkuko Nissan Hypermini yabigenje) yari bidasanzwe kandi ko uyumunsi hariho tramamu zishobora kugenda ibirometero birenga 400 kuri buri mutwaro.
Nyamara, ubwigenge (cyangwa kubura), hamwe nigihe cyo kwishyuza, bikomeje kugaragara nkimwe mubibazo nyamukuru byimodoka zamashanyarazi ndetse hari nabatemera kugura imwe kubwizo mpamvu.
Ariko, nkuko hari inama zo kunoza imikoreshereze (na autonomie) yimodoka yaka, hari ninama zijyanye nibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Kugirango rero impungenge ziterwa nubwigenge bwimodoka zamashanyarazi zitakiri ikibazo, dore urutonde rufite inama zuburyo bwo gufata ibirometero bike kuri buri bateri.
1. Gutwara neza
Ukuri nuko, iyi nama irakoreshwa muburyo bwimodoka. Uburemere bwikirenge cyawe cyiburyo, niko uzarushaho gukoresha (yaba amashanyarazi cyangwa ibicanwa bya fosile) hamwe na kilometero nkeya uzagenda.Twese tuzi ko bigerageza kwikuramo trottle mugihe utangiye kugenzura imodoka yamashanyarazi kugirango wishimire umuriro uhita, ariko wibuke ko uko ubikora, byihuse ugomba guhagarara kugirango ushiremo bateri. . Tangira rero neza kandi wirinde gutwara nabi.
2. Genda buhoro
Igihe cyose ubishoboye, gerageza kugenda buhoro, ukomeza umuvuduko uri munsi ya 100 km / h. Nukora ibi uzaba wongereye ubwigenge bwimodoka yawe yamashanyarazi. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Minisiteri ishinzwe ingufu muri Amerika, niba tugabanije umuvuduko ugereranije na 16 km / h twongera intera hafi 14%.
Kandi, niba imodoka yamashanyarazi ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gutwara nibyiza guhitamo "Eco" aho guhitamo "Siporo" icyatakaye mukwihuta no gukora byunguka mubwigenge.
3. Koresha feri ishya
Nkuko mubizi, imodoka zamashanyarazi zirashobora kongera ingufu mugihe zitinze binyuze muri sisitemu yo gufata feri. Rero, mugihe ugeze kumatara yumuhanda cyangwa ugomba guhagarara, fata umwanya wo gufata feri ya sisitemu yo gufata feri aho gukoresha feri.Niba imodoka ibyemereye, birakwiye kandi guhindura imikorere ya feri yogusubiramo kugirango ibashe kubona ingufu zishoboka zose. Muri ubu buryo, birashoboka guhemba ingufu zabuze iyo utangiye ahagarara.
4. Gukoresha ibikorwa byo gushyushya abagenzi
Igihe cyose ufunguye ubushyuhe bwimbere mumodoka yamashanyarazi (cyane cyane hejuru), iyi sisitemu ikuramo ingufu zitari nke muri bateri. Kugirango uzigame ingufu nibyiza gufungura ubushyuhe bwintebe hamwe na moteri (niba imodoka yawe ifite) kuko bakoresha ingufu nke.
Ubundi buryo ni mbere yo gushyushya imodoka mugihe icometse. , bityo ukoresha ubushyuhe buke mugihe utwaye.
Nkubushyuhe, ubukonje nabwo "burya" ingufu. Icyiza rero nukuyikoresha bike bishoboka. Gufungura Windows birashobora kuba ubundi buryo bwiza, ariko witondere, gusa ku muvuduko wo hasi, kuko nkuko imodoka igenda byihuse, gufungura Windows bigira ingaruka kuri aerodinamike, nabyo bigabanya ubwigenge,
Niba mubyukuri ugomba gukoresha ubukonje, hitamo kubikora mugihe imodoka ikiri kwishyuza, ntabwo rero ari ngombwa kuyifungura mugihe usanzwe mumuhanda.
5. Reba igitutu cy'ipine
Hariho ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko hafi 25% yimodoka itwara amapine hamwe nigitutu kitari cyo , n'imodoka z'amashanyarazi nazo ntizihari. Nkuko mubizi, kwiruka kumuvuduko mwinshi byongera ingufu zikoreshwa. Byongeye kandi, iyo amapine atwarwa numuvuduko muke, kwambara imburagihe kandi bitaringaniye birashobora kubaho kandi ipine irashobora gushyuha, bikaba bishobora no guturika.
Kugira ngo wirinde ibyo bibazo kandi wongere ubwigenge, umuvuduko wipine ugomba kugenzurwa buri gihe kandi igihe cyose bibaye ngombwa, ugomba gusimburwa ukurikije amakuru yerekanwe nuwabikoze (mubisanzwe igitutu cyerekanwe kiri kumutwe kumuryango wumushoferi).
6. Kugabanya ibiro
Bumwe mu buryo bwiza bwo kongera imikorere yimodoka nugukuramo uburemere. Nibyo, ibi birareba no mumashanyarazi. Niyo mpamvu ugomba kwirinda gutembera hamwe nibintu birenze urugero mumitiba cyangwa ukanyanyagiye mumodoka. Nubikora ubwigenge bushobora kwiyongera hagati ya 1 kugeza 2%.7. Wige kwishyuza bateri
Bitandukanye nibyo ushobora gutekereza, ntibishobora kuba igitekerezo cyiza guhora ucomeka bateri mugihe imodoka iri muri garage. Ni uko bateri nyinshi zikoreshwa nimodoka zamashanyarazi zikunda gutangira gusohora buhoro nyuma yo kwishyuza.
Kubwibyo, icyifuzo nuko kwishyuza birangira na mbere yo gutangira urugendo. Kubikora, impuzandengo yubuzima bwa bateri nayo iratera imbere.
8. Tegura urugendo
Rimwe na rimwe, inzira yihuta ntabwo ikora neza. Kurugero, birashoboka kugera kubwigenge bunini mugihe ugenda mumuhanda wigihugu (kuko ugenda gahoro kandi sisitemu yo kuvugurura ingufu ifite amahirwe menshi yo gukora akazi kayo) kuruta kumuhanda, aho duhora twihuta kandi dukoresha ingufu.
Muri icyo gihe, ahantu h'imisozi miremire cyangwa uduce dufite traffic bigomba kwirindwa, kuko ibi bihe nabyo bizatora umushinga w'itegeko ryigenga. Rero, icyiza ni ugutegura urugendo hakiri kare, kuko ubu buryo ntushobora kwirinda inzira zitwara ingufu nyinshi, ariko kandi uteganya kunyura ahantu ushobora kwishyurira imodoka yawe.
9. Komeza icyogajuru
Nkuko mubizi, imodoka zamashanyarazi zakozwe mubitekerezo byindege. Kurwanya bike batanga kunyura mu kirere, bizarushaho gukora neza. Kubwibyo, tugomba kwirinda gusenya igice cyimirimo yabashushanya naba injeniyeri. Kugirango ukore ibi, ntugashyireho ibisenge cyangwa amavalisi ashobora kwangiza aerodinamike no kwigenga.