Mu byumweru bishize, impaka ziri inyuma yizuru rishya rya Formula 1 zabaye nziza.Niba kuri benshi, izuru rishya risa na karikatire, kubandi bafata imiterere itwerekeza kuri kamere cyangwa ibintu muburyo buteye amakenga.
Ntabwo dushaka kukubabaza ibibazo binini byubuhanga hamwe n imibare igoye, reka rero duhindure ingingo yoroheje, nkizuru ubwaryo, natwe ntitwifuza kubiganiraho kubibazo bya otolaryngologiya bibegereye. .
Williams Mercedes FW36
Ukuri nuko hari impamvu zifatika zituma ubu bwoko bwibishushanyo byafashwe muri 2014 kandi dushobora kubishima bibiri mu mpamvu nyamukuru ijyanye na: i Amabwiriza ya FIA na umutekano w'imodoka.
Ni ukubera iki hariho ibishushanyo bitandukanye hagati yizuru? Igisubizo kiroroshye kandi nubushakashatsi bwindege gusa, "ibihangano byirabura" byafashe imyaka yo kuyobora, kuko ntabwo bishoboka buri gihe guhuza ibisubizo byiza.
Igishimishije, aba injeniyeri bamwe bazanye udushya ku isi ya Formula 1 nk'imiterere ya karubone fibre monocoque, ibiziga 6-bicaye imwe, impanga ebyiri hamwe na sisitemu yo kugabanya ibyogajuru, nabo bafite ubushake bwo gukora ibishoboka byose kugirango bakoreshe inyungu zose ayo mabwiriza. emera, kugirango imodoka zabo nizo zihuta mumarushanwa.
Tyrell Ford 019
Ariko reka tubasobanurire uko twageze mubishushanyo biteye ishozi, bituma twibaza ubwenge bwabari inyuma yimiterere ya injeniyeri ya Formula 1. Byose bisubira inyuma imyaka 24, hamwe na Tyrell 019 yicaye umwe, mugihe cya 1990 na itsinda rya tekiniki, hamwe n’umuyobozi Harvey Postlethwaite hamwe n’umuyobozi ushinzwe igishushanyo Jean-Claude Migeo, bamenye ko bishoboka ko hashobora no guhumeka umwuka mwinshi mu gice cyo hepfo ya F1 baramutse bahinduye igishushanyo cyizuru bakareba ko ufite uburebure buri hejuru ugereranije n’ibaba .
Mugukora ibi, umwuka ugenda uzenguruka muri zone yo hepfo ya F1 byari kuba hejuru, kandi binyuze mumyuka mwinshi unyuze muri zone yo hepfo aho kuba hejuru, byavamo kuzamura indege nini kandi muri Formula 1 aerodinamike ni itegeko ryera muri bibiliya ya injeniyeri uwo ari we wese . Kuva aho, amazuru yatangiye kuzamuka ugereranije nindege itambitse yibaba ryimbere, igice bahujwe.
RedBull ToroRosso Renault STR9
Ariko izi mpinduka zo kuzamura izuru zazanye ibibazo, cyane cyane muri saison ya 2010 muri Valencia GP, mugihe Red Bull ya Mark Webber, nyuma yo guhagarara kuri lap cyenda, byatumye Webber itangira kurangiza neza nyuma yo kuva mubyobo, Lotus ya Kovaleinen. Webber yihagararaho inyuma ya Kovaleinen kandi yifashisha urujya n'uruza rwe, ruzwi kandi ku kirere. Webber yahisemo kugerageza kurenga ategereza ko Kovaleinen ava mu nzira, ariko, Kovaleinen yikubise kuri feri ya Lotus maze izuru rya Red Bull rya Red Bull rikora ku ruziga rw'inyuma rwa Lotus, rimwohereza kuri dogere 180 hanyuma araguruka. h yerekeza kuri bariyeri.
Nyuma yibi bibaye, byaragaragaye kuri FIA ko amazuru yazamutse murwego rwo hejuru, mubyukuri bikaba byateza akaga abaderevu, kuko bashoboraga gukubita umutwe wa pilote mugihe habaye impanuka. Kuva icyo gihe, FIA yashyizeho amategeko mashya kandi uburebure ntarengwa bwigice cya F1 bwateganijwe kuri 62.5cm, hamwe nuburebure ntarengwa bwemerewe izuru rya 55cm bijyanye nindege yumuntu umwe, ihagarariwe hamwe no kwerekana imiduga yo hepfo kandi ko utitaye kumiterere yo guhagarikwa, ntishobora kuba hejuru ya 7.5cm kuva hasi.
Muri uyu mwaka, amazuru maremare agaragara kugeza ubu yarabujijwe, ashingiye ku mategeko mashya y’umutekano. Ariko ibitera igishushanyo mbonera ni impinduka zigenga: bigaragara ko amazuru adashobora kurenza cm 18,5 z'uburebure ugereranije nindege yimodoka, ugereranije numwaka wa 2013 byerekana kugabanuka kwa cm 36.5 naho ubundi guhindura amategeko, ingingo ya 15.3.4 yamabwiriza. , ivuga ko F1 igomba kugira igice kimwe cyambukiranya imbere ya horizontal projection, hamwe na 9000mm² ntarengwa (50mm inyuma yumutwe wateye imbere cyane ni ukuvuga izuru ryizuru).
Kubera ko amakipe menshi atashakaga guhindura ibishushanyo by'imbere n'imbere bya F1, bahisemo kumanura indege mumaboko yo hejuru yo guhagarikwa. Ariko icyarimwe barashaka gukomeza izuru hejuru bishoboka, ibisubizo ni iki gishushanyo hamwe nizuru rikomeye ryizuru.
Ferrari F14T
Kubwa 2015, amategeko azarushaho gukomera kandi imodoka yonyine imaze kubahiriza ni Lotus F1. Muri Lotus F1 izuru rimaze kugira umurongo ugabanya impande zanyuma, bityo rinoplasti nyinshi ziteganijwe muri F1 isigaye. Mugihe umutekano aricyo kintu cyambere muri Formula 1, aerodinamike ikomeza kuba iyambere kubashakashatsi bayo bose.
Hamwe nizi mpinduka ubu birashoboka gushiraho ubwoko bubiri bwimodoka ya F1 muriki gihembwe. Ku ruhande rumwe dufite F1-izuru , bizaba rwose imodoka yihuta kumurongo bitewe nubuso bwayo bwambere imbere hamwe no kurwanya indege yo hasi, byashyizwe kumuvuduko wo hejuru, kurundi ruhande dufite imodoka za F1 zizunguruka kumuvuduko mwinshi cyane , hamwe nizuru rinini ryizuru ryiteguye kubyara imbaraga zidasanzwe za aerodynamic, kubera ubuso bunini bwimbere. Nibyo, burigihe tuvuga itandukaniro rito hagati yimodoka, ariko muri Formula 1 byose birabaze.
Niba ari ukuri ko amazuru ya F1 azunguruka ku muvuduko mwinshi cyane, bitewe nubushobozi bwabo bwinshi bwo kubyara ingufu za aerodynamic, nkibisubizo byumuyaga mwinshi utembera mu gice cyo hasi, nukuri ko bizagenda buhoro kuri bigoye, bihanwa no gukurura aerodinamike bazabyara. Ibi bizakenera gukoresha imbaraga zingana na 160 ya sisitemu (ERS-K) kugirango yishyure, mugihe ahasigaye hazakenera imbaraga zidasanzwe za sisitemu (ERS-K) ziva mu mfuruka kugirango zihute vuba kubera imbaraga za aerodinamike yo hasi imbere mu mfuruka.
Guhatira Ubuhinde Mercedes VJM07