Nibyiza, ukuri kuvugwe, Yamaha ntabwo amenyereye isi yimodoka. Yamaze gutanga moteri ya Formula 1, ifite ishingiro yo kuvuka hafi yimodoka yayo ya mbere, imodoka nziza cyane ya siporo OX99-11, kandi ikora moteri kubindi bicuruzwa nka Ford cyangwa Volvo. Ariko Yamaha nkikimenyetso cyangwa uruganda rukora imodoka nukuri kutabaho.
Igitekerezo cyashyizwe ahagaragara muri salon ya Tokiyo ishobora guhinduka mubyukuri bitanga umusaruro guhera 2016. Yamaha Motiv, kimwe nigitekerezo icyo ari cyo cyose cyo kwiyubaha, yatangijwe nka Motiv.e, ni nko kuvuga ngo, "ejo hazaza ni amashanyarazi". Nimodoka yo mumujyi, isa nkaho igaragara kuri Smart Fortwo. Ntabwo aribwo bwa mbere kandi ntibuzaba aribwo bwa nyuma busa na Smart ntoya, bityo rero tugomba kwibaza, ni ubuhe butumwa bwa Yamaha Motiv, kandi ni ukubera iki havuka urusaku rushimishije?
Gordon Murray iri inyuma ya Motiv
Ntabwo biterwa gusa no kuba imodoka ya mbere ishobora kuba ikirango, ahubwo ikirenze umuntu wihishe inyuma, imwe Gordon Murray.
Bashobora kuba batazi Gordon Murray, ariko rwose bagomba kumenya imashini. McLaren F1 n '“umuhungu” uzwi cyane. Iyo uteguye ikintu kigikomeza kandi cyubahwa na benshi nka "The Super Sports", mubisanzwe witondera intambwe zose zatewe.
Gordon Murray, wize ibijyanye n’ubukanishi, yamamaye muri Formula 1, kubera ko yari umwe mu bagize Brabham na McLaren, aho yatsindiye ibikombe bya shampiyona ya 1988, 1989 na 1990. Byujuje ibitekerezo bye byo koroshya no koroshya. Yagize uruhare runini mu iterambere rya Mercedes SLR, byaje kugaragara ko, nk '“indimi mbi”, umushinga watumye atera umugongo McLaren.
Yarangije gushinga uruganda rwe muri 2007, Gordon Murray Design, hamwe na serivisi zubujyanama bwimodoka. Byamwemereye guteza imbere ibitekerezo bye byinshi, kimwe muri byo cyagaragaye: kugarura uburyo imodoka zubatswe, hamwe nibikorwa byitwa iStream.
iStream, ibi nibiki?
Intego yiki gikorwa nukworoshya no kugabanya ibiciro bijyanye no gukora imodoka. Wabikora ute?
Mugukuraho kashe yicyuma hamwe no gusudira bibyara monocoque isanzwe. Nkubundi buryo, ikoresha ubwoko bwigituba, bwuzuzanya na panne mubintu bifatika (hamwe nikoranabuhanga rikomoka kuri F1) kurukuta, igisenge hasi. Igisubizo kiragufasha guhuza urumuri, gukomera hamwe nurwego rukenewe rwumutekano. Kandi aho kugurisha, ibintu byose bifatanye hamwe, bizigama uburemere nigihe cyo gukora.
Kubafite gushidikanya ku mbaraga za kole, ibi ntabwo ari shyashya mu nganda. Kurugero, Lotus Elise, yatangije iki gikorwa muri 90, kandi kugeza ubu, nta makuru ya Elise yatandukanijwe. Imbaho zo hanze ntizifite imikorere yuburyo, kuba mubikoresho bya pulasitike kandi byabanje gusiga irangi, bituma ihinduka ryihuse kubwimpamvu zo gusana cyangwa guhinduka muburyo butandukanye bwimikorere.
Ibisubizo biratandukanye. Hamwe niyi nzira, uruganda rwa hypothetique rushobora gufata 1/5 gusa cyumwanya ufitwe nuruganda rusanzwe. Mugukuraho imashini no gushushanya, bizigama umwanya nigiciro. Guhindura umusaruro nabyo birarenze, urebye gutandukanya imiterere nimirimo yumubiri, bigatuma habaho ubworoherane nigiciro gito mukubyara imibiri itandukanye kumurongo umwe.
Niba Yamaha yashakaga kwinjira mwisi yimodoka, byanze bikunze yahisemo umufatanyabikorwa mwiza. Motiv.e niyo progaramu yambere-yiteguye gukoreshwa kuri sisitemu ya iStream ya Gordon Murray. Twari tumaze kumenya prototypes ebyiri za Gordon Murray Igishushanyo, cyerekanaga kwerekana imikorere, hamwe nizina rya T-25 (ishusho hepfo) hamwe namashanyarazi T-27.
Yamaha Motiv yatangiye nkumushinga T-26. Iterambere ryatangiye muri 2008, ariko hamwe n’ibibazo byugarije isi yose, umushinga warahagaritswe, umaze gusubukurwa gusa muri 2011, ubuzima bwubukungu bwisi bugaragaza ibimenyetso byuko byazamutse.
T-25 na T-27, prototypes nyayo idafite ubuhanga, kandi inengwa cyane kubwibyo, yari ifite urukurikirane rwibintu byihariye mubishushanyo byabo. Ntoya kuruta Yamaha Motiv, bari bicaye kubantu batatu, hamwe numushoferi mumwanya wo hagati, nko muri McLaren F1. Inzugi zo kwinjira imbere zari zizwiho kubura. Mu mwanya wimiryango, igice cyakazu cyazamuye hamwe.
Impamvu
Yamaha Motiv ntabwo yarazwe ibisubizo bishishikaje kuva T prototypes, birababaje. Igaragaza ibisubizo bisanzwe nka: inzugi zo kugera imbere, kandi ifite ahantu habiri, kuruhande, nkuko amategeko abiteganya. Ihitamo rirasobanutse, kuko bizorohereza isoko kwakira imodoka nshya yikimenyetso gishya.
Yerekanwe kuri salle ya Tokiyo nka Motiv.e, hamwe na moteri yamashanyarazi yavuzwe, isangira moteri na T-27. Moteri, ikomoka kuri Zytec, itanga ntarengwa ya 34 hp. Birasa nkaho ari bito, ariko no muri iyi variant yamashanyarazi uburemere buringaniye, kg 730 gusa harimo na bateri. Kugereranya, ibyo ni kg 100 ugereranije na Smart ForTwo y'ubu. Kimwe nimodoka nyinshi zamashanyarazi, ifite umuvuduko umwe gusa, ituma urumuri rugera kuri 896 Nm (!) Kumuziga.
Umuvuduko wo hejuru ugarukira kuri 105 km / h, hamwe no kwihuta kuva 0-100 km / h bitarenze amasegonda 15. Ubwigenge bwatangajwe ni km 160 nyayo kandi ntabwo ari homologated. Igihe cyo kwishyuza ni gito nkamasaha atatu murugo cyangwa isaha imwe hamwe na sisitemu yo kwishyuza byihuse.
Igishimishije cyane ni gahunda yamaze gutegurwa hamwe na moteri ntoya ya litiro 1.0 kuva Yamaha, gukuramo hagati ya 70 na 80 hp. Dufatanije nuburemere buke, turashobora kuba imbere yumujyi ushimishije, hamwe no kwihuta kuva 0-100 km / h mumasegonda 10 cyangwa munsi yayo, munsi yamarushanwa yose yo mumijyi.
Yaba amashanyarazi cyangwa peteroli, kimwe na Smart, moteri na traction biri inyuma. Ihagarikwa ryigenga kuri axe zombi, uburemere ni buke kandi ibiziga biroroshye (ibiziga bya santimetero 15 bifite amapine 135 imbere na 145 inyuma) - kuyobora ntibikeneye ubufasha. Abantu bo mumujyi bafite kuyobora?
Igaragaza uburebure bungana na Smart ForTwo, m 2,69, ariko ni ndende kuri santimetero icyenda (1,47 m) na ngufi kuri gatandatu (1.48 m). Ubugari bufite ishingiro kuba munsi y'amategeko agenga imodoka z'Abayapani kei. Yamaha yizeye kohereza Motiv, ariko ubanza igomba gutsinda murugo.
Mu mpera zuyu mwaka, cyangwa mu ntangiriro zumwaka utaha, Yamaha izatangaza ku mugaragaro icyemezo cy’umushinga cyangwa kitemewe. Nkuko bimaze kuvugwa, niba bikomeje, Yamaha Motiv igomba gutangira gukorwa gusa muri 2016. Bitewe nuko iterambere ryifashe, bigomba kuba ikibazo cyimihango. Imirimo yinyuma yibikorwa ntabwo ihagarara.
Kugaragaza agaciro k'igisubizo cya tekiniki, no kwibanda ku guhinduka kwacyo, dushobora kubona ku ishusho hepfo, ikadiri yakuwe kuri videwo yamamaza, umubare utandukanye ushoboka ushingiye ku kintu kimwe. Kuva kumubiri muremure ufite inzugi eshanu nintebe enye cyangwa eshanu, kugeza kwambukiranya imipaka, kugeza kuntebe ngufi, siporo hamwe ninzira nyabagendwa. Ihinduka nijambo ryibanze risabwa kurubuga urwo arirwo rwose, kandi inzira ya iStream irayijyana murwego rwo hejuru, hamwe nibyiza byo kugiciro gito. Ngwino 2016!
