Mu gitondo cya kare cyo ku ya 26 Mata 1988 - biracyari muri “hangover” yo kwizihiza undi munsi w’umunsi w’ubwisanzure - ku mucanga wa Madalena, byabaye ibizaba ubwato bunini mu mateka y’amato ya Porutugali. Intwari? Ubwato MV Reijin , icyo gihe "umutwara munini" munini kwisi.
Ubwato bwahagaritswe kuri iyo nyanja muri Gaia, ubwato bufite uburebure bwa m 200, uburemere bwa toni ibihumbi 58 hamwe n’imodoka zirenga 5400, ntabwo bwahinduye aho hantu gusa "ahantu ho gutembera", ahubwo hanahinduka ibirori ibyo biracyariho byuzuza ibitekerezo rusange byabantu benshi ba Portugal.
Kugereranya no kurohama kwa Titanic byahise. N'ubundi kandi, MV Reijin, kimwe na liner yo mu Bwongereza itemewe, nayo yari ubwato bwateye imbere mu gihe cyabwo, kandi bwanashinze mu rugendo rwayo rwa mbere. Ku bw'amahirwe, igereranya ntiryigeze rigera ku mubare w'abahitanwa - hari gusa kwicuza urupfu rw'abakozi babiri bari muri iyi mpanuka.
Byagenze bite ku ya 26 Mata 1988?
MV Reijin, "Titanic dos Automóveis" yari kurohama muri Porutugali, igihugu cy’abasare, yari ifite abakozi b’abagabo 22, bagenda munsi y’ibendera rya Panaman kandi muri iyo mpeshyi yo mu 1988 bakora urugendo rwayo rwa mbere, batabariyemo ibirenze a umwaka kuva yavuye ku cyuma cyumye agatangira kugenda.
Inshingano ye yari yoroshye: kuzana imodoka ibihumbi n'ibihumbi bivuye mubuyapani muburayi. Ubu butumwa bwari bumaze kumuhagarika ku cyambu cya Leixões, atari lisansi gusa, ahubwo no gupakurura imodoka 250 muri Porutugali. Kandi nyuma yo kubikora niho habaye impanuka.
Nk’uko amakuru abivuga, ubwato “ntibwasize neza” buva ku cyambu cyo mu majyaruguru. Kuri bamwe, MV Reijin yakomezanya imizigo ipakiye nabi, abandi bakemeza ko ikibazo "cyashinze imizi" kandi ko cyatewe no kudatungana kwubaka.
Niki muri ibyo bitekerezo byombi gihuye nukuri kugeza ubu ntikiramenyekana. Ikizwi ni uko akimara kuva ku cyambu cya Leixões - mu ijoro ubwo inyanja itagaragara itigeze ifasha umurimo w'abakozi - MV Reijin yari isanzwe irimbishijwe, aho kwerekeza ku nyanja ifunguye, yarangije gusobanura a inzira igereranije ninyanja ya Vila Nova de Gaia.
Saa kumi n'ebyiri n'iminota 35, byanze bikunze byabaye: ubwato bwagombaga kujya muri Irilande bwarangije urugendo rwabwo ku rutare rwo ku mucanga wa Madalena, burahagarara kandi bugaragaza igikomere kinini. Iyi mpanuka yatumye umuntu umwe apfa undi arakomereka (abakozi bombi), abandi basigaye barokorwa babifashijwemo n’abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro na ISN (Institute for Socorros a Náufragos).
Porutugali kurupapuro rwambere
Ibisubizo ku mpanuka ntibyategereje. Abayobozi bakoze ibishoboka byose kugira ngo ibintu bigenzurwe, ko nta kibazo cy’umwanda (MV Reijin yari yarahawe toni zirenga 300 za naphtha kandi isuka ryayo rikaba ryarateje inkubi y'umuyaga) maze bibutsa ko nta bihari saba ubufasha kugeza ubwato bugenda.
Nyamara, agaciro gakomeye ni ko iyi mpanuka yagereranyaga hamwe nubunini bwubwato bwashimishije cyane. Mu buryo bwikora bwiswe «Titanic yimodoka», iyi yari “impanuka nini cyane yabayeho ku nkombe za Porutugali, ukurikije imizigo nini nini ku isi mu bijyanye n’abatwara imodoka”. Umutwe nta bwato bwifuza kugira kandi buracyari ubwa MV Reijin.
Amafoto nka Reijin nka "backdrop" bimaze kuba akamenyero.
Byagereranijwe ko hariya 'bahagaritswe', muri rusange, miliyoni zirenga icumi za kontos (hafi miliyoni 50 zama euro mu ifaranga ririho ubu, utabariyemo ifaranga) kandi bidatinze batangiye inzira yiperereza kugirango bumve uburyo ubwato bwimizigo bugezweho kandi bugezweho kuri ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja bwimodoka bwari bwarohamye kumusenyi wamajyaruguru.
Icyizere cyuzuye
Hamwe niperereza, inzira yo gukuraho no kugerageza gutabara MV Reijin n'imizigo yayo byatangiye icyarimwe. Kubwa mbere, uyumunsi, kubura ubwato bunini ku mucanga wa Madalena byerekana ko MV Reijin yakuweho neza. Agakiza k'ubwato ntabwo kwashobokaga rwose.
Menya imodoka yawe ikurikira
Igihe ntarengwa leta yahaye cyo gukuraho ubwo bwato cyari iminsi 90 gusa (kugeza ku ya 26 Nyakanga ntihakiriho MV Reijin yagumye aho), bityo, amasosiyete menshi yihariye yagiye ku mucanga wa Madalena kugira ngo asuzume ibishoboka n'ibiciro byo kuyikuramo. cyangwa gufungura ubwato bunini.
Ivanwaho rya naphtha, byihutirwa cyane muri iyo mirimo, ryatangiye ku ya 10 Gicurasi 1988 kandi ryari “umurimo w'itsinda” ryarimo abategetsi ba Porutugali, abatekinisiye bo mu Buyapani hamwe n'ikariso ya sosiyete yo muri Esipanye. Kubijyanye no gukuraho Reijin, ibiciro byayo byaguye kuri nyirayo, iyi yari inshingano yikigo cyu Buholandi cyagaragaje vuba ikizere.
Kuri we, amahirwe yo kugarura abatwara imodoka yazamutse agera kuri 90% - ikintu cyihutirwa, urebye ko ubwato bwari bushya. Ariko, igihe cyerekana ko iyi mibare yari nziza cyane. Nubwo icyi cyegereje, inyanja ntiyaretse kandi ingorane za tekinike zirarundanya. Ubusanzwe igihe ntarengwa cyo gukuraho Reijin cyagombaga kongerwa.
Mu byumweru bike gusa, ubutumwa bwo gutabara MV Reijin bwahindutse ubutumwa bwo gusezerera. "Titanic dos Automóveis" nta gakiza gashoboka.
Inzira ndende yuzuye hejuru no kumanuka
Amezi yarashize Reijin aba ex-libris. Igihe cyo kwiyuhagira cyuzuye, ku ya 9 Kanama, gusenya ubwato bw’Ubuyapani byatangiye. Ibice bimwe byagiye gusakara, ibindi bigera munsi yinyanja, nubu biracyaruhuka.
Mu gihe isi yagendaga buhoro buhoro igana ku isi, kutamererwa neza n’igitekerezo cyo kurohama igice cyubwato byambutse imipaka bikambuka inyanja. Ibihamya byari amakuru aho ikinyamakuru cyo muri Amerika cyitwa LA Times cyatangaje kunegura abashinzwe ibidukikije ku rwego rw’umugambi wo gukuraho "igihangange cyo muri Aziya".
Imwe muri ayo mashyirahamwe y’ibidukikije yari Quercus itazwi icyo gihe, “wagendaga ku rugendo” avuye mu mpaka, yavuye mu gicucu maze akora ibikorwa byinshi, harimo no gukora ubwato.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko nubwo banengwa, MV Reijin yarashenywe kandi ku ya 11 Kanama akaga ko ibikorwa byabayemo byatumye ikibaya cya Madalena kibuzwa. Iki cyemezo cyafashwe mugihe cyiza, kuko nyuma yiminsi ine, le 15, itara ryakoreshejwe mugukata urupapuro ryateje umuriro.
Amezi, ibice by'imodoka n'ibikoresho bya MV Reijin byogejwe ku nkombe. Bimwe muribi byahinduwe murwibutso bikibikwa nabatuye muri ako karere.
Kuzamuka no kumanuka byahoraga mubikorwa byose, nkibice bisekeje byo muri Nzeri 1989, aho barge ya pontoon yakoreshejwe mubikorwa yacitsemo ibice byayo kandi "yigana" Reijin, ikazenguruka ku mucanga wa Valadares.
Mu gusoza, igice cy'ubwato cyarohamye mu bilometero 240, ikindi gice kiraseswa, kandi zimwe mu modoka MV Reijin yari itwaye zarangije metero 2000 z'uburebure na kilometero 64 uvuye ku nkombe - gutabarwa kwabayobozi n’amashyirahamwe y’ibidukikije byabujije ko iyi iba iherezo ry’imodoka zose ziri mu bwato.
Igiciro cyose cy’ibisigazwa byicyo gihe cyanganaga na miliyari 14 za kontos - miliyoni umunani zo gutakaza ubwato na esheshatu kubinyabiziga byatakaye - bihwanye na miliyoni 70 zama euro. Ibiciro by’ibidukikije byakomeje kugenwa.
Icyatakaye mugaciro cyabonetse mububiko rusange. No muri iki gihe izina "Reijin" rituma imitima nibuka cyane. "Reka turebe ubwato" niyo nteruro yumvikanye cyane mu rubyiruko ku mucanga wa Madalena, igihe icyari kibangamiye cyari ubutumire mu bihe aho amaso yuzuye "atakiriwe". Abadventiste baribuka kandi gusura bitemewe imbere yubwato, mugihe abategetsi badahari.
Ku nyanja, ibice bigoretse by'icyuma byashyizwe hagati y'urutare byagumye, kugeza na n'ubu biracyagaragara ku muhengeri muke, kandi bikaba ari ibimenyetso bifatika byerekana ibiza byabaye mu myaka irenga mirongo itatu ishize. Biswe MV Reijin, "Titanic ya Automobiles".