Ibiranga bike byagize uruhare runini mugutezimbere moteri yaka nka FIAT. Kubirangaza cyane birashobora kuba amagambo ateye akaga, ariko kubakurikira hafi yimodoka ntibishobora kuba aribyo byose.
Kugirango dutange ingero ebyiri gusa, dufite iterambere rya sisitemu rusange-ya gari ya moshi yakijije moteri ya Diesel kuva «igihe cyamabuye», cyangwa vuba aha sisitemu ya MultiAir nayo yabanjirijwe.
Nibyiza noneho, urugero turakuzaniye uyumunsi guhera 1982 kandi ireba guhanga sisitemu yambere yo gutangira-guhagarara mumateka yinganda zimodoka.
Sisitemu yambere yo guhagarika
Wibagiwe imodoka zigezweho. Imodoka yambere mumateka yakoresheje sisitemu yo gutangira ni FIAT Regata ES (Kuzigama ingufu). Wari umwaka wa 1982.
Hafi yahe? Reka turebe:
- Ubwongereza bwatangiye intambara ya Falkland, butangaza intambara kuri Arijantine;
- Sony yashyize ahagaragara CD ya mbere;
- Michael Jackson yaje ku mwanya wa mbere na Album ya Thriller;
- Ubutaliyani bubaye Nyampinga wumupira wamaguru ku nshuro ya 3;
- RTP yashyize ahagaragara isabune ya mbere yo muri Porutugali mu mateka, Vila Faia;
- Porutugali "yishimye" yitegura gutabara kwayo kwa kabiri.
Kubijyanye na Porutugali, birababaje, haba muri sabune no mubukungu, hariho imiterere isubirwamo. Ariko gusubira mubyingenzi…
Mu Butaliyani, mu gihe Abataliyani babarirwa muri za miriyoni bizihizaga ibitego bya Paolo Rossi, Marco Tardelli na Alessandro Altobelli mu gikombe cy'isi cyo mu 1982, irindi tsinda ryari rigizwe n'abashakashatsi ba FIAT kandi riyobowe na Mauro Palitto - ukuriye ishami ry’ubwubatsi rya Turin icyo gihe - yatangiriye ku isoko imodoka yambere mumateka ifite sisitemu yo gutangira.
FIAT yahisemo kwita iyi sisitemu Citymatic - ntibikwiye no gusobanura impamvu, nibyo? Ariko igice cyiza cyiyi nkuru ntikiraza.
Amateka yo guhimba gutangira-guhagarara
Abakozi dukorana kuri Onmiauto.yabajije Mauro Palitto, wabwiye iki gitabo uburyo igitekerezo cyo gutangira guhagarara: guhagarika imikorere ya moteri igihe cyose imodoka ihagaze.
Igihe, byose byari ikibazo cyigihe.
Mauro Palitto yahisemo guha ibikoresho bya FIAT isaha yo guhagarara. Intego? Gupima igihe imodoka yamaze yimodoka mu rugendo rwa kilometero 15 mumujyi.
Ibisubizo byarashimishije: buri minota 35, imodoka yamaze iminota 12 ihagarikwa na moteri ikora. Muyandi magambo: moteri yatakaje ingufu bityo lisansi. Kandi rero… amafaranga.
Urebye izo ndangagaciro, itsinda rya FIAT ryaba injeniyeri ryiyemeje gukora sisitemu izahita izimya moteri igihe cyose imikorere yayo itari ngombwa.
Iyandikishe mu kanyamakuru kacu
Ubuhanga buke
FIAT yagereranije ko hamwe niyi sisitemu ishobora kugera ku kuzigama 7% mu mijyi. Ariko hariho inzitizi kuri iri koranabuhanga: abitangira bisanzwe bashoboye kwihanganira ibisabwa na sisitemu?
Yashizweho kugirango ihangane nubukonje bugera ku 25.000, byagereranijwe ko hamwe na Citymatic sisitemu yo gutangiza moteri yagombaga kwihanganira byibuze 100.000 zikoreshwa.
Kugira ngo ukureho gushidikanya, Mauro Palitto yagerageje prototypes 10 yazimye amasegonda 10, yongera gufungura amasegonda 20, nibindi, amasaha 24 kumunsi ibyumweru 5.
Gutungurwa naba injeniyeri bose, nyuma yo gufungura abitangira, bari bashya. Imwe mumpamvu zuko kuramba byari bifitanye isano no kugenzura uburyo bwa elegitoronike ya sisitemu ya Citymatic, iyo saa kumi nimwe zumugoroba zahagaritse moteri itangira hanyuma ikareka moteri ikora ibisigaye.
Ikiruta byose? Igiciro cyiterambere cya FIAT Regata ES gutangira-guhagarika sisitemu yari nil. Gusa amasaha yo gukora kubashakashatsi ba FIAT. Ariko, impinduka zimwe kuri moteri zari zikenewe. By'umwihariko mu kigereranyo cyayo cyo guhonyora byatumye imbaraga za moteri ya 1.3 enye zigabanuka kugeza kuri 65 hp. Igisubizo cyabaye ubwizigame nyabwo bwa 7% murwego rwumujyi.
None se kuki ikoranabuhanga ridafashe?
Nkuyu munsi, habayeho no kutizerana sisitemu yo gutangira-guhagarika kwizerwa muri kiriya gihe - nukuvuga, kutizerana bidafite ishingiro nkuko byasobanuwe hano. Urubuga rwabacuruzi ba FIAT rwashidikanyaga kuri sisitemu ndetse nabakiriya.
Sisitemu ya Citymatic yasubiye mubikurura kandi byabaye ngombwa ko dutegereza kugeza 1999 kugirango tubone sisitemu yo gutangira guhagarara mumodoka ikora: Volkswagen Lupo 1.2 TDI 3L.
Imyitwarire yinkuru: kuba imbere yigihe nabyo ni bibi.
Nizere ko wishimiye iki kiganiro. Niba ushaka guha ikipe ya Razão Automóvel gusubiza iyi minota ishimishije yo gusoma, iyandikishe kumuyoboro wa Youtube ukanda hano. Bifata amasegonda 10.
Ntabwo wiyandikishije, muri 2019 ibi nibyo wabuze. Ugiye gukomeza gutya muri 2020?