Rimwe na rimwe, igisubizo cyikibazo gishobora guturuka kumpande zidakekwa, nkuko bimeze Umurongo wa Diamond ko tubazaniye, biteganijwe mu ntangiriro ya 50, ntawundi usibye Gio Ponti (1891-1979).
Gio Ponti , Umutaliyani, azwi cyane kubikorwa byinshi nk'ubwubatsi - imirimo irenga 100 - ariko kandi yari umushinga w'inganda, uwashushanyaga ibikoresho, umuhanzi, umwarimu ndetse akaba n'umwanditsi - niwe washinze Domus mu 1928, aracyariho ibitabo byeguriwe imyubakire n'ibishushanyo, yayoboye hafi mubuzima bwe ndetse n'aho yasize umurage w'ingingo zirenga 600 zasohotse.
Imico ikomeye? Nta gushidikanya. Inyungu ze mubice byinshi byo guhanga nazo zahuza imodoka.
Gio Ponti ntabwo yakundaga imodoka icyo gihe. Yabanenze kubera ubunini bwabo bukabije, ubwinshi bwabo, n '“imyanya idafite ishingiro imbere”. Imirasire yari ndende cyane (imbere), idirishya rito cyane kandi imbere hari umwijima.
Byaba byiza rwose ibisubizo byiza bibonetse.
Jya ku kazi
Ku bufatanye na mugenzi wabo Alberto Rosseli, batekereje kandi bashushanya imodoka ifite igishushanyo mbonera cy'impinduramatwara, umushinga wabo uzarangira mu 1953. Bacyise Linea Diamante, kubera imiterere shingiro, geometrike kandi ifite impande zose.
Umushinga watangiriye mu nsi ya Alfa Romeo 1900 (1950) ariko ntushobora gutandukana, ndetse no mubitagaragara. Imiterere yari ikomeye, ariko nanone yoroshye, ikoresheje tekinoroji yubuhanga muri kiriya gihe, ariko hibandwa kumiterere yayo, muburyo bwo gusubiza ibibazo Gio Ponti yari yerekanye.
Umubiri wibice bitatu bya Alfa Romeo 1900 wahaye inzira hackback, hamwe numubiri wacyo uhetamye utanga inzira hejuru.
Umurongo wa bonnet wamanuwe hanyuma gride ya radiator ihinduka ubushishozi, gufungura byoroshye biri munsi yimbere. Ibimurika kuruhande ni idirishya ryuburebure - imbere imbere ryabonye urumuri no kugaragara imbere, kubashoferi nabagenzi, byiyongereye cyane.
Umubiri wa hatchback wemeye gukoresha byinshi. Icyumba cy'imizigo, kinini mubushobozi, cyashoboraga kuboneka muri kabine bitewe nintebe zinyuma - ibintu bisanzwe biranga imodoka zubu - kandi birashobora no kuvaho. Ipine yimodoka yari ifite icyumba cyayo, gitandukanijwe nigiti.
Kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru byaranze iyi modoka yimpinduramatwara ni bumper, yatejwe imbere hamwe na Pirelli kandi ikozwe muri rubber. Ntabwo bazengurutse umubiri wose - bitandukanye cyane nibyuma byigihe - ariko imbere ninyuma byashyizwe kumasoko kugirango bakire neza ingaruka.
ntiyatsinze impapuro
Linea Diamante yateganyaga imodoka yigihe kizaza nurwego runini rwo kwizerwa. Haba kurwego rwa tewolojiya (hatchback) cyangwa ubwiza (hejuru yubuso hamwe nubuso butangaje), ni "umurongo wabuze" kugirango wumve ko imodoka zimeze nka Renault 16 cyangwa Volkswagen Passat yambere, nyuma yimyaka 10-20, hamwe nawo imbaraga zigera muri za 1980 mumodoka nka Saab 9000.
Renault 16, 1965
Ariko, Linea Diamante ntabwo yigeze anyuza impapuro. Ubusanzwe Gio Ponti yegereye Carrozzeria Touring kugirango ateze imbere umushinga, ariko amaherezo bizasubira inyuma. Kuba yari mu Butaliyani, igihangange Fiat nacyo cyegerejwe na Ponti, ariko asanga umushinga urakabije kandi… geometrike (50s yaranzwe no gutondeka cyane) - kuba chassis yabonaga ko ari Alfa Romeo, icyo gihe a uruganda rwigenga, rugomba kandi kuba rwarafashe icyemezo.
Kwiyandikisha kumuyoboro wa Youtube
Nubwo Gio Ponti yanze icyifuzo gikomeye, imyaka 50 yari gutanga umusaruro "mumodoka y'ejo hazaza". Ku ruhande rumwe, twari dufite ibitekerezo bya futuristic byo muri Amerika ya ruguru na GM na Ford, imishinga yukuri ya siyanse, akenshi ntaho ihuriye nukuri.
Ku rundi ruhande, mu Burayi, mu 1955 Citroën DS yashyizwe ahagaragara, nubwo ari futuristic kuruta imyumvire imwe n'imwe mu isura n'ikoranabuhanga, yari imodoka ikora; hanyuma muri 1959, Mini ikora neza izashyirwa ahagaragara, imiterere yayo "yose iri imbere" hamwe na moteri ihinduranya, nyuma yubwihindurize bwibi na Fiat, yatangijwe muri Autobianchi Primula na Fiat 128, mubwubatsi bukoreshwa cyane nimodoka twe ubwacu. imyitwarire uyumunsi.
Icyitegererezo, nyuma yimyaka 65 gusa
Moderi (idakora) ya Linea Diamante ubona mumashusho yubatswe gusa muri 2018, nyuma yimyaka 65 nyuma yumushinga wambere na Ponti. Umushinga “The Automobile by Ponti” watangijwe na Professor Paolo Tumminelli kandi wari imbaraga zifatanije hagati ya FCA, Pirelli na Domus.
Umuyobozi w’umurage wa FCA, Roberto Giolito, yayoboye itsinda ryabashushanyijeho gusuzuma ibishushanyo mbonera bya Gio Ponti kugira ngo hubakwe urugero rwuzuye rwizerwa kuri gahunda zambere zishoboka. Bizashyirwa ahagaragara umwaka ushize mu imurikagurisha rya Gran Basel mu Busuwisi, kandi twarashobora kubibona mu imurikagurisha ry’imodoka ryabereye i Geneve muri uyu mwaka (2019) ahagarara ahitwa Quattroruote, igitabo kizwi cyane cy’imodoka zo mu Butaliyani.