Hagati yuyu mwaka, hamwe nudushya Clio E-Ikoranabuhanga , Renault izinjira mumasoko ya Hybrid kandi ntabwo izaba hamwe na "mild-hybrid" (niyo isanzwe ifite). Ikirangantego cyafashe icyemezo cyo gushora muri sisitemu nshya "yuzuye-ivangavanze" (ibisanzwe bisanzwe), kubwibyo, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora gusa ikoreshwa na bateri na moteri yamashanyarazi (nubwo intera ndende).
Kugira ngo tumenye imbere muri ubu buhanga bushya bwa E-Tech, twagize amahirwe yo kuyobora prototypes ebyiri ziterambere, turi kumwe na injeniyeri mukuru wumushinga, Pascal Caumon.
Amahirwe adasanzwe yo gukusanya ibitekerezo byawe byose byo gutwara no kubona decoding yawe kubakora imodoka. Ibiranga byombi ntibishobora guhuzwa mukigeragezo cyambere.
Kuki "imvange yuzuye"?
Renault avuga ko icyemezo cyo kurenga “mild-hybrid” no kujya mu gisubizo “cyuzuye-cyuzuye” cyari gifite impamvu ebyiri nyamukuru. Iya mbere yari iyo guhitamo sisitemu yemerera inyungu nyinshi mubijyanye no gukoresha no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya kuruta kimwe cya kabiri.
Iyandikishe mu kanyamakuru kacu
Impamvu ya kabiri ihujwe niyambere kandi ifitanye isano nuburyo bushoboka bwo gukora sisitemu ishoboye kugerwaho numubare wabaguzi bityo ukagira "uburemere" butandukanye mukugabanya imyuka y’icyitegererezo cyagurishijwe na Renault.
Niyo mpamvu Clio yahisemo gutangira E-Tech, kugirango atange ikimenyetso kumasoko kubijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga rihendutse. Renault ntirashyira ahagaragara ibiciro bifatika, ariko yavuze ko Clio E-Tech izaba ifite agaciro kangana na 1.5 dCi (Diesel) ya 115 hp. Muyandi magambo, tuzaba tuvuga ikintu hafi 25 000 euro, muri Porutugali.
Usibye Clio E-Tech, Renault yanerekanye Captur E-Tech Plug-in, isangira intangiriro yikoranabuhanga, yongeraho bateri nini kandi birashoboka ko yakwishyurwa mumashanyarazi yo hanze. Ibi bituma Captur E-Tech Gucomeka muburyo bwamashanyarazi ya 45 km.
ikiguzi
Ariko dusubire kuri Clio E-Tech hamwe niki kizamini cya mbere hamwe na prototypes ebyiri, byakorewe mumihanda ya kabiri ikikije ikigo cya CERAM i Mortefontaine hafi ya Paris hanyuma kuri imwe mumuzinga ufunze kuri perimetero.
Hanze, Clio E-Tech itandukanya gusa no kuba hari ibimenyetso byubwenge hamwe na E-Tech nshya-marike, amahitamo atandukanye cyane no gusohoka hamwe na Zoe, ifata uburyo butandukanye rwose nubundi Renaults, kwiyemeza nk'imodoka y'amashanyarazi 100%.
Imbere, itandukaniro ryonyine rituruka kuri Clio E-Tech riri mubikoresho byabigenewe, hamwe nicyerekezo cyurwego rwa bateri nindi yerekana ingufu zamashanyarazi nubukanishi hagati ya moteri ya lisansi, moteri yamashanyarazi niziga ryimbere.
Uburyo bwo gutwara ubwabwo buragerwaho hifashishijwe buto isanzwe ya Multi-Sense, ishyizwe munsi ya ecran ya ecran.
Nkibisanzwe muri "full-hybrid", gutangira bikorwa buri gihe muburyo bwamashanyarazi, mugihe cyose bateri ifite amafaranga akenewe, ni ukuvuga, burigihe. Hano hari "reuge" margin kugirango ibi bibeho.
Ukurikije igitekerezo cyibanze, E-Tech hari ukuntu ikurikiza igitekerezo cyashyigikiwe na Hybride ya Toyota: hariho itumanaho rihuza moteri ya moteri ya lisansi na moteri ya moteri yamashanyarazi, ikabihuza ikohereza mumuziga. muburyo bwiza cyane.
Ariko ibice bigize sisitemu ya E-Tech biratandukanye cyane, kuko ingamba za gahunda zishingiye kubyingenzi bikubiyemo ibiciro, haba mubishushanyo, umusaruro, igiciro cyangwa imikoreshereze.
Kugabanuka 40%
Uburambe bwungutse mumyaka yashize hamwe na Zoe ntabwo bwabaye impfabusa. Mubyukuri, moteri nyamukuru yamashanyarazi ya sisitemu ya E-Tech, kimwe na moteri hamwe nubugenzuzi bwa batiri ni kimwe na Zoe.
Nibyo, E-Tech yakozwe kugirango ihuze na platform ya CMF-B, mugice cya mbere. Ariko impinduka ni nke, zemerera gukora verisiyo ya Hybrid kumurongo umwe wo guterana nkizindi. Kurugero, kubijyanye nisahani, gusa "iriba" ryuruziga rwakuweho, kugirango habeho umwanya wa bateri ishyirwa munsi yumutiba.
Ihagarikwa ntiryari rikeneye impinduka, gusa feri yagombaga guhinduka, kugirango ishobore kubyara munsi ya feri.
Sisitemu ya E-Tech, kuba "yuzuye-hybrid" ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gutwara, harimo 100% y'amashanyarazi. Ibi bituma Renault itangaza ko igabanuka rya 40%, ugereranije na moteri isanzwe hamwe nibikorwa bisa.
Ibice nyamukuru
Ariko reka dusubire mubice byibanze, bitangirana na moteri ya lisansi 1.6, idafite turbocharger. Igice gikoreshwa hanze yuburayi, ariko cyoroshye kuri E-Tech.
Batare ni litiro-ion ya batiri ifite 1,2 kWh, ikora kuri 230 V kandi ikonjeshwa na sisitemu yo kurwanya ikirere imbere. Ifite ibiro 38.5 kandi ifite imbaraga za kilowat 35 (48 hp) moteri / generator.
Iyi moteri nyamukuru yamashanyarazi ishinzwe kohereza torque kumuziga kandi, muri feri no kwihuta, ikora nka generator kugirango yishyure bateri.
Hariho na moteri ya kabiri yamashanyarazi, ntoya kandi idakomeye, hamwe na 15 kWt (20 hp), umurimo wingenzi ni ugutangiza moteri ya lisansi no guhuza ibikoresho byahinduwe mumashanyarazi ya robot.
Mubyukuri, "ibanga" rya sisitemu ya E-Tech iri no muri iyi garebox, ishobora no gushyirwa mubikorwa nka Hybrid.
"Ibanga" riri mu gasanduku.
Renault yita "uburyo-bwinshi", kuko bushobora gukora haba mumashanyarazi, imvange cyangwa ubushyuhe. "Icyuma" nicyo cya garebox idafite intoki: ibyuma bikoreshwa namashanyarazi, nta shoferi abigizemo uruhare.
Ntabwo kandi ifite syncronizer, kuko ni moteri ya kabiri yamashanyarazi ishyira ibyuma kumuvuduko ukwiye kugirango buri gikoresho gihindurwe neza.
Ku ruhande rumwe rw'urubanza, hari uruziga rwa kabiri ruhujwe na moteri nkuru y'amashanyarazi, hamwe n'ibikoresho bibiri. Kurundi ruhande, hari uruziga rwa kabiri rwa kabiri, ruhujwe na crankshaft ya moteri ya lisansi nubusabane bune.
Ni ihuriro ryibi byombi byamashanyarazi nubushuhe bune butuma sisitemu ya E-Tech ikora nkamashanyarazi asukuye, nkibivangavanze, ibivangavanze, gukora ibishya, moteri ya lisansi ifasha kubyara cyangwa gukora gusa na moteri ya lisansi.
Mu nzira
Muri iki kizamini, uburyo butandukanye bwagaragaye cyane. Uburyo bw'amashanyarazi butangira kandi ntibureka moteri ya lisansi itangira munsi ya 15 km / h. Ubwigenge bwayo, guhera, ni nka 5-6 km. Ariko, kimwe na "full-hybrids" zose ntabwo aribyingenzi.
Nkuko Pascal Caumon yabidutangarije, mumakuru yakusanyijwe na Renault mugukoresha nyabyo, Clio E-Tech ibasha gukoresha 80% yigihe hamwe na zeru zangiza , iyo bikoreshwa mumujyi. Muri iki kizamini, byashobokaga kwemeza ko sisitemu ishingiye cyane kumuriro w'amashanyarazi, ntigabanuke cyane mumasanduku ya lisansi, nubwo ibi bisa nkibisanzwe.
Mu gutwara ibinyabiziga bisanzwe, hari ibihe byinshi aho moteri ya lisansi yazimye kandi gukurura bigahabwa moteri yamashanyarazi gusa, ifite imbaraga zo kubikora kugera kuri 70 km / h, "mugihe inzira iringaniye kandi umutwaro kuri umuvuduko waragabanutse, ”ibi bikaba byavuzwe na Caumon. Guhitamo uburyo bwa Eco, muri Multi-Sense, ibi birasobanutse neza, hamwe nibisubizo byoroheje byoroheje hamwe nibikoresho byoroshye.
E-Tech ifite kandi umwanya wo gutwara "B", ihujwe nigikoresho cyikora cyikora, cyongera imbaraga mugihe ukizamuye ikirenge kuri moteri. Mu mihanda yo mumujyi, imbaraga zo kuvugurura zirahagije kugirango ugabanye gukoresha feri ya feri. Muyandi magambo, urashobora gutwara hamwe na pedal imwe gusa, niba traffic ari fluid.
Yafashijwe kuvuka bushya, niki?
Ubundi buryo bwo gukora bubaho iyo bateri igabanutse kugera kuri 25% yubushobozi bwayo. Niba kuvugurura feri bidahagije kugirango ushire vuba, sisitemu itangira gukora nkurukurikirane rwibivange. Muyandi magambo, moteri ya lisansi (idakuwe mu ruziga) itangira gukora nka generator ihagaze, ikora kuri 1700 rpm ihagaze, ikagenda gusa moteri nyamukuru yamashanyarazi, itangira gukora nka generator kugirango yishyure bateri.
Ibi ndetse byabaye rimwe mugihe cyibizamini, moteri ya lisansi ikomeza kuzunguruka, ndetse na nyuma yo kuzamura ikirenge cyawe kuri moteri: "twifashishije ko moteri yamaze gupakira, kugirango dukore ibikorwa bifasha kuvugurura, twirinda kubikora. tangira kandi ukoreshe gaze nyinshi, ”nk'uko Caumon yabisobanuye.
Mu nzira twanyuzemo, byari byoroshye no kubona uburyo ibipimo byerekana umuriro wa batiri byazamutse mugihe sisitemu yakoraga muri ubu buryo.
Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa, icyambere Clio E-Tech ijya gukora muburyo bubangikanye, bityo moteri ya lisansi ifashwa na moteri yamashanyarazi, hagamijwe kugabanya ibyo ukoresha.
Muguhitamo uburyo bwo gutwara siporo, umuvuduko wihuta biragaragara cyane kuruhande rwa moteri ya peteroli. Ariko umusanzu w'amashanyarazi uracyoroshye kubona: nubwo ukanda byinshi kuri moteri yihuta, garebox ntabwo ihita ikora hasi, banza ukoreshe amashanyarazi kugirango wihute. Ndetse no kurenga ibi byagaragaye.
Kandi mu nzira?
Biracyari muburyo bwa Siporo, kandi ubu bimaze kumuhanda wa Mortefontaine, bityo ugahitamo gutwara siporo, birumvikana ko bateri igabanuka vuba kurwego rwo hasi, kuko amahirwe ufite yo kwishyuza ari make. Ariko inyungu ntizangirika.
Muri ubu bwoko bwo gukoresha, tabs kumasanduku irabuze. Ariko igiteranyo cyuzuye cyo kugereranya, hagati ya bine ya moteri ya lisansi, ebyiri za moteri yamashanyarazi, hamwe na neutre ebyiri, byaje 15 bishoboka. Noneho ibi ntibishoboka kugenzurwa nintoki zabantu, "usibye no kwerekana ikiguzi cyinyongera, tutifuzaga guha abaguzi", Caumon yabisobanuye.
Usibye uburyo bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga bya Eco na Sport, hariho My Sense, nuburyo bwafashwe nkibisanzwe iyo moteri itangiye nimwe Renault yamamaza nkibikora neza. Nukuri ko, muburyo bwa Eco, habaho kugabanuka kwa 5% mugukoresha, ariko kumafaranga yo kuzimya umwuka.
Ku mihanda minini, iyo moteri yamashanyarazi itagikora neza, Clio E-Tech yimurwa na moteri ya lisansi gusa. Ariko, mugihe cyo kwihuta gukomeye, kurugero iyo urenganye, moteri ebyiri zamashanyarazi ziza mubikorwa hanyuma zigatanga "imbaraga" zinyongera za torque, zimara amasegonda 15 buri mwanya.
Haracyariho ibisobanuro birambuye
Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bya feri, kugenzura ibyuma byikora byikora byari bike kandi bidatinze: “ibi bihurirana no kuva kumurongo wa kabiri ujya kubikoresho bya mbere kuri moteri yamashanyarazi. Turacyakomeza guhindura icyo gice "bifite ishingiro Caumon, ibintu bibaho hagati ya 50 na 70 km / h.
Ku murongo, Clio yerekanye imyitwarire yingirakamaro nkizindi verisiyo, hamwe no kugenzura byimazeyo imbaga ndetse no muburyo butunguranye bwo guhindura icyerekezo, kuyobora hamwe nibisobanuro byihuse kandi byihuse kandi nta kubura gukurura. Kurundi ruhande, ingaruka zihoraho zo guhinduranya abashoferi bamwe badakunda ntizihari muri sisitemu. Kubijyanye n'uburemere bwa batiri, ukuri ni uko bike cyangwa ntakintu bigaragara, cyane ko uburemere bwiyi verisiyo ari kg 10 gusa hejuru ya TCe ya 130 hp.
Renault itarashyira ahagaragara amakuru yose kuri Clio E-Tech, yavuze gusa ko ingufu zose hamwe ari 103 kWt, mu yandi magambo, 140 hp. Muri byo, 67 kWt (91 hp) ikorwa na moteri ya lisansi 1,6 naho ibindi biva kuri moteri ya 35 kWt (48 hp).
Umwanzuro
Ikizamini kirangiye, Pascal Caumon yashimangiye igitekerezo cy'uko iyi Clio E-Tech igamije gukora byinshi hamwe na bike, mu yandi magambo, bigatuma "Hybride yuzuye" igera ku baguzi benshi bashoboka. Ubunararibonye bwo gutwara bwerekanye ko, nubwo hamwe na prototypes ebyiri zikeneye gukenera kalibrasi ya nyuma, ibisubizo bimaze kuba byiza cyane, bitanga imikoreshereze yoroshye kandi ikora neza, nta guhangayikishwa nubwigenge cyangwa ahantu ho kwaka batiri.