Itsinda rya Volkswagen rizashyira ahagaragara amashanyarazi 100 100% mumyaka 10 iri imbere; Daimler yatangaje moderi 10 z'amashanyarazi muri 2022 na Nissan zirindwi; itsinda rya PSA naryo rizaba rifite irindwi, muri 2025; ndetse na Toyota, kugeza ubu yibanze kuri Hybride, izarekura igice cyamashanyarazi kumashanyarazi muri 2025. Gusa uburyohe bwibizaza, bituma twabaza: hazaba hari ibikoresho bihagije byo kubyara bateri nyinshi?
Ni uko tutigeze tuvuga Ubushinwa, muri iki gihe bukaba bukoreshwa cyane n’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, kandi bukaba bukora “byose” mu binyabiziga by’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi - hari abarenga 400 bakora ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi biyandikishije uyu munsi (a bubble hafi kuza) guturika?)
Bamwe mubagize uruhare runini mubintu byose birimo gukora bateri muburayi no muri Amerika ya ruguru bagaragaje ko bahangayikishijwe cyane n’amashanyarazi yatangajwe "guturika", bikaba byanatuma habaho kugabanuka kw'ibikoresho fatizo bikenerwa na batiri y'ibinyabiziga. Amashanyarazi, nkuko tubikora ntabwo ufite ubushobozi bwashizweho kurwego rwo hejuru rwibisabwa - ibi bizakura, ariko ntibishobora kuba bihagije guhaza ibikenewe byose.
Kugeza ubu, itangwa rya lithium, cobalt na nikel - ibyuma by'ingenzi muri bateri y'uyu munsi - birahagije kugira ngo ibyifuzo bishoboke, ariko mu myaka iri imbere, hamwe n’uko biteganijwe ko izamuka ry’ibisasu byiyongera mu gukora ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, ukuri gushobora kuba gutandukanye cyane, nk'uko hamwe na raporo ya Wood Mackenzie kubyerekeye kubura ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora bateri.
Iyandikishe mu kanyamakuru kacu
Bitewe nubunini bwishoramari rikorwa nabakora imodoka mumashanyarazi, bafata ingamba zikenewe kugirango batizere gusa itangwa rya bateri (mugukorana amasezerano menshi nabakora bateri zitandukanye cyangwa bakerekeza mubikorwa bya batiri bonyine. ), kimwe no kwemeza itangwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo kugirango hatabaho guhungabana mu musaruro.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko abubatsi babona uruhande rwubucuruzi nkimpamvu nyinshi. Kandi ntago bigoye kubona impamvu, kuko no kuzirikana izamuka ryateganijwe ryongerwaho ubushobozi kuri bimwe mubikoresho fatizo, nka nikel sulfate, biteganijwe ko, nubwo bimeze bityo, ibyifuzo bizarenga kubitangwa. Kwiyongera kwa cobalt nabyo bishobora gutera ibibazo mubitangwa kuva 2025.
Igishimishije, nubwo ubwiyongere bwibikenewe, ibiciro bya bimwe mubikoresho fatizo nka cobalt, byagaragaye ko igiciro cyacyo cyagabanutse cyane mumezi ashize, bitera ingaruka mbi. Ishyaka ryo gushora imari mu mishinga mishya y’ubucukuzi n’amasosiyete acukura amabuye y'agaciro ryaragabanutse, bityo bikaba byagira ingaruka zikomeye kumuhanda, urebye ibikenewe mu myaka iri imbere.
Batteri yimodoka yamashanyarazi yagiye ikura, bisaba ibikoresho byinshi. Kugirango wirinde ko hatabura ibikoresho fatizo, haba ikoranabuhanga rigomba guhinduka, ukoresheje umubare muto wibikoresho kugirango ubikore, cyangwa tugomba kongera ubushobozi bwihuse bwo gucukura ibyo bikoresho.
Inkomoko: Amakuru yimodoka.