Nibizamini byanyuma kubantu barindwi barangije mumodoka Yumwaka 2020 - amarushanwa ararangiye. Ku ya 2 Werurwe, mbere y’ifungura ry’imurikagurisha ryabereye i Geneve, pavilion y’ibisigaye byerekana imideli ikomeye mu Burayi bizaba ari byo bizamenyekanisha uwatsinze uyu mwaka.
Ku gicamunsi, perezida wimodoka yumwaka, Frank Janssen, azakora amajwi yanyuma, ukurikije igihugu, gato nkibibera mumunsi mukuru windirimbo za Eurovision. Ariko nta sano ihari kuri buri gihugu 23, aho 60 bagize inteko y'abacamanza baturuka, babiri muri bo bakaba Abanyaportigale, umwe muri bo akaba ari we wanditse iyi raporo idasanzwe.
Na none, twari mu kizamini cya nyuma cyimodoka Yumwaka, ibirori ngarukamwaka biba ibyumweru bibiri mbere yuko amatora arangira.
Muri rusange hari abacamanza barenga 60 batora imodoka mpuzamahanga yumwaka.
amahirwe yanyuma
Numwanya kuri twe, abacamanza, kugirango tubashe kuyobora Imodoka zirindwi zose zumwaka wa nyuma wanyuma. Byose ahantu hamwe no kumunsi umwe. Ikibanza kimaze kuba icyiciro cyimodoka yumwaka, ikizamini cya CERAM ikurikirana, ikoreshwa nibirango byinshi byimodoka mugutezimbere imiterere yabo mishya. Iherereye muri Mortefontaine, hafi ya Paris.
Imiterere ikoreshwa muri iki kizamini yerekana umuhanda wo mu gihugu cy’Ubufaransa, ufite umuhanda ugana impande zose, ariko ukoreshwa mu cyerekezo kimwe - kugirango wirinde guhura… Ntabwo ifite icyuho, gusa ibyatsi, ubusanzwe bitose hanyuma bikarinda gari ya moshi.
Ntabwo ari ahantu ho gutwara byihuse, ariko hamwe nabanyamakuru 60 bazobereye mumodoka, abanyamwuga bose mugupima imodoka nshya (ibisabwa kugirango ube umucamanza) ntibishoboka kubuza umuvuduko kuba mwinshi.
Nta radar cyangwa abapolisi bahari, ariko hariho marshal track, badafite ikibazo cyo kwinjira mukuzunguruka no gukora "umuvuduko-imodoka" mugihe bigaragara ko umuyaga uri hejuru cyane.
Iyandikishe mu kanyamakuru kacu
Umuzunguruko ufite ubuso bwiza, usibye zone ya parallel, ariko ntabwo itunganye, nkumuhanda usanzwe. Hano haribintu bitinda cyane, impinduka nyinshi ziciriritse, chicane eshatu (ebyiri zikorana cyane, kugirango zigutinde) kandi ndende igororotse. Igishishwa kuri keke ni ukuzamuka cyane kurangirira mu gihumyi gihumye, hagakurikiraho kumanuka cyane no kwikuramo ubugome hepfo, bikurikirwa niburyo bwihuse.
Imodoka yitwara neza kuriyi nzira yitwara neza kumuhanda uwo ariwo wose.
Icyiciro cya 2020: byose, kuri buri wese
Uyu mwaka, barindwi barangije Imodoka Yumwaka 2020 bari BMW 1 Series, Ford Puma, Peugeot 208, Porsche Taycan, Renault Clio, Tesla Model 3 na Toyota Corolla , ukurikije inyuguti.
Kugirango bagere hano, abacamanza bahisemo abatsinze kurutonde rwabakandida 30. Mu modoka Yumwaka, ibirango ntibiyandikisha (cyangwa ntibishyura kwiyandikisha); ni byo byujuje ibisabwa, byasohotse kurubuga rwumuryango (www.caroftheyear.org) bigena niba imodoka yinjira cyangwa ititwa urutonde runini.
Guhitamo abazarangiza uyu mwaka byaviriyemo amamodoka atandukanye kandi "intambara" zigaragara: Renault Clio na Peugeot 208, kuruhande rwa SUV "zagurishijwe cyane" i Burayi; na Porsche Taycan irwanya Tesla Model 3, kuruhande rwumuhanda. Imodoka za SUV ntizishobora kubura, hamwe na Ford Puma, cyangwa Premium compact, hamwe na BMW 1. Series kandi hariho na Toyota Corolla idashobora kwirindwa.
iminsi ibiri yuzuye
Ibirori byanyuma bigabanijwemo ibice bibiri. Mubwa mbere, buri kirango gifite iminota cumi n'itanu yo kwerekana ibicuruzwa byanyuma kubacamanza, hanyuma ugasubiza bimwe mubibazo bikurura kandi byubugome byabajijwe mubinyamakuru byimodoka.Ku munsi wa kabiri, igihe kirageze cyo gutwara imodoka. Hagati aho, hari amahirwe menshi yo kuganira muburyo budasanzwe aho amakuru yize yiga, amwe muri embargo hamwe namatsiko mato mato n "amabanga".
Ikaye yanjye buri gihe isiga Mortefontaine ifite impapuro nyinshi zanditse kandi uyumwaka ntiwari usibye. Dore inyandiko zanjye zingirakamaro, zaciwe nicyitegererezo.
BMW 1 Series
Kuboneka kwipimisha ni 116d, 120d, 118i na M135i. Nkuko nari maze kuyobora moderi fatizo, peteroli na mazutu muri Porutugali, nibanze M135i , kugirango wumve niba gutererana ibinyabiziga byinyuma byari ikinamico nini, muri iyi siporo.
Izina ryuzuye ryiyi verisiyo ni M135i xDrive, ni ukuvuga ko ifite ibiziga bine. BMW ntiyigeze yinjira mu ntambara itaziguye ya 300 hp yimodoka-yimodoka.
Moteri ikimara gutangira, amajwi ahita ashimisha, hamwe no guturika hamwe n "igipimo" gishyiraho amajwi. Bimwe ni amajwi ya synthesizer, ariko biraryoshye kimwe.
Moteri irasa cyane, iraboneka cyane kubutegetsi bwose, ubwikorezi bwikora bwubahiriza amabwiriza ya paddles, hamwe nihuta ryiza no gukira. Understeer igenzurwa neza cyane iyo yinjiye mu mfuruka kandi kuyobora bifite ibyiyumvo bya BMW yose.
Gufata bitinze, mubishyigikire, M135i ireka kunyerera inyuma nkimodoka nziza yimbere hanyuma igashyira imbaraga mubutaka nta nkomyi. Mbabajwe nuko gusohoka mu mfuruka bidafunzwe na gato birenze, ariko iyi sisitemu ya 4WD ntabwo ibimwemerera.
Tugarutse kuri base, abajenjeri ba BMW bemeje ko kuva muri 1 Series bikajya imbere yimodoka byatewe no gukenera umwanya munini w'imbere, kunegura abakiriya b'ibisekuru byombi. Kureka kandi hypothesis (birashoboka cyane) gusohora verisiyo ya PHEV vuba. Mubarangije bose, niyo yonyine idafite ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose.
Ford Puma
Kuboneka byari bibiri "byoroheje-bivangavanze" 1.0 Ecoboost, hamwe na 125 na 155 hp. Nkuko nari maze kwitoza cyane mubufaransa, nahisemo gufata 125 hp. Ibyiyumvo ni bimwe, buhoro buhoro. Nubwo bimeze bityo, moteri ifite imbaraga nubushake bwo kuzamuka mubikoresho, ariko ikintu gitangaje cyane ni umusanzu wigice cyamashanyarazi mumuvuduko muke cyane: Nshyize ibikoresho mubikoresho bya gatatu, hafi guhagarara no kwihuta. Aho “kuniga”, Puma ishyira umuriro w'amashanyarazi ku ruziga kandi igatwara imodoka imbere hamwe n'umuvuduko mwinshi.
Nibyo, dinamike ihora ishimishije kuri moderi ya Ford, kuri Puma birarenze kuberako B-SUV. Nta munywanyi uri ku isoko ndetse yegera hafi yubukorikori bwayo, gutera imbere, kuvugana numushoferi no kwishimira gutwara kumuhanda usaba.
Kimwe mu bicuruzwa bya Puma ni Mega Box, “umwobo” hepfo ya ivalisi, itwikiriwe na plastiki yogejwe hamwe n'umuyoboro hepfo, kugirango ukure amazi yoza. Kugeza ubu, verisiyo ya Hybrid ifite Mega Box ntoya, kubera ko bateri iri munsi yurubanza, hejuru. Hagati yumwaka, bateri izagenda munsi yintebe yinyuma kandi Puma yose izaba ifite Mega Box imwe.
Peugeot 208
Urutonde rwuzuye rwitondewe kugirango rusuzumwe, Peugeot yashyizeho sitasiyo yo kwishyiriraho e-208s, irimbishijwe neza. Umuyobozi mukuru w’iki kirango, Jean-Philippe Imparato, yatanze ijambo ashishikaye aho yavuze ko 208 izaba umuyobozi w’ibicuruzwa mu Burayi, bityo igatsinda Renault Clio. Tuzareba…
Igishimishije kurushaho ni ukumva icyo umwe mubo ayoboye yavuze kubijyanye nihindagurika ryumuriro w'amashanyarazi murwego. Mu magambo ye, bategereje ibitekerezo byabakiriya ba mbere e-208, kubikoresha buri munsi, mbere yo gufata icyemezo. Mugihe cyamezi atandatu bazaba bafite amakuru yo guhitamo inzira yo kunyuramo verisiyo ya kabiri ya e-208: imwe ifite ubwigenge bwinshi, cyangwa verisiyo yoroshye, ihendutse kandi ifite ubwigenge buke. Muganira twasanze bishimishije cyane ibyo Honda ikora n'amashanyarazi yayo make ...
Kuburyo, nafashe "ugurisha neza", ni ukuvuga 1.2 PureTech 100 hp. Moteri ikomeje gushimisha ubworoherane bwayo, urusaku ruke nigisubizo cyiza mubutegetsi bufite akamaro kanini. Agasanduku k'intoki karoroshye gukoresha kandi kapimye neza. Kugenda kugera kuri 70% yubushobozi bwayo, 208 ifite imikorere myiza kandi ihimbye. Ariko iyo usuzumye imipaka, imikorere yumubiri iragenda kurenza uko ubyifuza, cyane cyane murukurikirane rwibihuru.
Porsche Taycan
Yari yatwaye gusa verisiyo ya 4S ku kiyaga cyakonje no mumihanda ya shelegi, bityo amahirwe yo gutwara Turbo na Turbo S kumuzunguruko amutegereje afite amatsiko menshi. Muri iyi miterere, itandukaniro riri hagati yundi ntirinini, igitekerezo gisigaye kirasa.
Imbaraga zo kwihuta nimwe rwose isubiza umutwe inyuma kandi igafatisha umugongo ku ntebe, bibiri muri ibyo bibanza byumvikana neza hano.
Ariko ntabwo aribyo byanshimishije cyane. Ihinduka rya mbere ryafashwe vuba rivuga ibintu byose ukeneye kumenya kuri Taycan: ni Porsche ibaho kuba amashanyarazi.
Ukuri n'umuvuduko wo kwinjira mu mfuruka birashimishije, kubura uruhande rufite ibintu bitangaje hamwe no gukwega iyo usohotse kuruhande. Nshobora kuguma hano guta inyito byihuse kuruta uko nataye amashanyarazi nanyuzemo. Ariko ukuri ni uko uburambe bwo gutwara Taycan butuma umushoferi yibanda kuri dinamike no gukora cyane kandi agasiga ko ari imodoka yamashanyarazi inyuma. Nyuma yo gukabya gukabije, birumvikana ko nageze aho imbere itangira gusuzugura gato, kubera uburemere.
Porsche ikomeje gushimangira ko Taycan ishoboye gusubiramo 0-100 km / h gutangira inshuro icumi zikurikiranye, nta gutesha agaciro imikorere, yonyine ibikora. Kandi navuze byinshi, ko mu kizamini cyakozwe n'ikinyamakuru cyihariye, itsinda ry’ibizamini ryasohoye ryashoboye gukora 26 gutangira bikurikiranye no gutakaza amasegonda 0.8 gusa, kuva ku ya mbere kugeza ku ya nyuma.
Renault Clio
Umuyobozi w'icyiciro cya karande mu Burayi ntateganya kuva aho hantu, cyane kuri Peugeot 208. Kugira ngo abigereho, yagumanye ubwiza, ariko ahindura ibindi byose. Ku itegeko ry'abacamanza b'imodoka y'umwaka, hari lisansi, Diesel hamwe na verisiyo nshya ya E-Tech Hybrid, nzabivugaho birambuye vuba aha, hano kuri Razão Automóvel.
Kumuhanda nafashe 1.0 TCe ya 100 hp, ako kanya mbere yo gutwara 208 hamwe na moteri yingufu zimwe. Kuri Clio, burigihe ukunda dinamike, byihuse cyane guhindukira hamwe no kumva ko birenze urugero kububasha buboneka, butanga umutekano wumutekano mwiza. Imbere yarateye imbere cyane kurugero rwabanje kandi ubu iri hejuru yicyiciro (hamwe na 208) iyo bigeze kumiterere, ibidukikije no kugezweho.
Moteri nshya 1.0 ntabwo ari ingingo ikomeye ya Clio, cyane ugereranije na 208, cyangwa garebox yintoki, itinda gato.
Clio yagurishije miliyoni 15 kuva igisekuru cya mbere. Iyi verisiyo nshya iri muri gahunda yo gutangiza igihe gito cyimodoka cumi na zibiri zifite amashanyarazi. Ibikurikira bigomba kuba Mégane SW E-Tech Gucomeka.
Tesla Model 3
Kurangizwa no gukubita indorerwamo, bintera guhitamo iyi "imikorere" kuri monite nini yo hagati hanyuma ngakoresha imwe mungingo izunguruka, narangiza nkora kuri curb munzira igana umuzenguruko no guhanagura ipine iburyo.
Hamwe nikibazo cyakemutse, nshobora noneho gufata umuzunguruko verisiyo ya Model ya 3. Kwihuta mubwimbitse, muburyo bwa Track birakomeye kandi ako kanya, guhatira ikindi kigeragezo cyangwa bibiri kugirango ubwonko bwihindurize kuri uku kwihuta. Ariko ibyo bibaho vuba, kandi nahise ntwara Tesla Model 3 nkimodoka ya siporo. Ihagarikwa rya verisiyo hamwe na feri birarusha izindi, nabyo byari bihari byo kwipimisha.
Intebe, ngufi kandi hamwe n'inkunga ntoya, ntabwo aribyiza kuriyi myitozo. Kuyoborwa byihuse, guhagarikwa ntigukomeye kurenza ibikenewe kugirango ugenzure misa ningendo neza kuriyi nzira. Model 3 iranyeganyega kurenza uko nabitekerezaga, imaze kuyitwara mumezi make ashize mumuhanda.
Igenzura rihamye ryitwa kandi kandi, iyo risohotse buhoro, inyuma iranyerera gato, ariko igenzurwa nabi. Ntakintu gikomeye, gusa gato guhagarikwa.
Ikintu kidashobora gukorwa "hejuru yikirere" nkibikorwa byinshi bya Model 3, umutekinisiye wikirango byatwaye iminota igera kuri cumi n'itanu kugirango anyereke. Imwe muma vuba aha: ukanda buto hanyuma sisitemu yijwi isohora urusaku rwumupira uhindagurika, uherekejwe na animasiyo ijyanye na monite.
Byongeye kandi, abagabo ba Tesla baremeza ko basanzwe bafite charger 500 yihuta i Burayi kandi Model 3 niyo modoka ya gatatu yagurishijwe cyane mukuboza gushize kumugabane wa kera.
Toyota Corolla
Hybride 1.8 na 2.0, muri "hatchback", salo cyangwa imiterere ya van, Corolla nshya niyo ifite ubwenge bwinshi mubarangije, ariko kugeza ubu amateka menshi muri Hybride. Ikibazo cya mbere kwari ukumenya impamvu hariho ibyifuzo bibiri hafi. Umuyobozi wumushinga yashubije ko bafite amahitamo ya siporo hamwe na 2.0 Hybrid Dynamic Force.
Ukuri kuragoye kuruta ibyo, birumvikana. Moteri nshya ni iy'ibisekuru bishya, byahindutse mu turere twose, ariko haracyakenewe 1.8, none kuki utatanga byombi?
Amakuru yavuzwe mumagambo igice nuko Corolla nayo izaba ifite verisiyo ya 1.5 ya Hybrid, ikoresheje sisitemu ya Yaris. Ariko nta matariki aracyafite.
Ku murongo, Corolla ntabwo irabagirana, nubwo ifite imyitwarire igenda itera imbere kandi igenzurwa neza. Ukuri nuko ibyiza byayo biri muburyo bworoshye bwo gutwara, gukora neza, guhumuriza nubukungu, ibiranga byose bigaragara mumodoka nyayo.
Umwanzuro
Umunsi urangiye, abacamanza batashye bafite andi makuru yerekeye abantu barindwi barangije muri Car of the Year 2020. Birashoboka ko ari amakuru y'ingenzi mu kumenya icyerekezo cy'amajwi yabo.
Buri wese muri twe afite amanota 25, tugomba gukwirakwiza byibuze moderi eshanu (ushobora gutanga zeru ebyiri). Ugomba gutanga amanota menshi kurenza ayandi kandi ntarengwa kuri buri modoka ni amanota 10. Ibisigaye bizaba imibare yo gukemura.
Ntibishoboka ko umuntu yumva imyumvire y'abacamanza, kuko ari benshi kandi kubera ko bafite ubushishozi kuri iki kibazo, kugeza umunsi batoye. Ariko, kuri uriya munsi, bagomba gusobanura amanota bahaye buri modoka, izashyirwa ahagaragara kugirango habeho gukorera mu mucyo.
Ninde uzatsinda?… Urebye kunganya igihe cyanditswe muri 2019 hagati ya Jaguar I-Pace na Alpine A110, kikaba cyarakuweho nibintu byacitse, ntibishoboka guhanura. Ku ya 2 Werurwe, “ibanga” rizashyirwa ahagaragara.