Litiyumu, cobalt, nikel na manganese biri mubikoresho nyamukuru bigize bateri yimodoka zamashanyarazi. Ariko, mumyaka yashize, kubera igitutu kinini cyo kwiteza imbere no kuzana ku isoko izindi modoka nyinshi zamashanyarazi, hari akaga nyako ko nta bikoresho fatizo byo gukora bateri nyinshi.
Ikibazo kimwe twigeze gusuzuma mbere - ntabwo dufite ubushobozi bwashyizweho kwisi kugirango dukuremo ibikoresho nkenerwa byateganijwe kubinyabiziga biteganijwe, kandi bishobora gutwara imyaka myinshi mbere yuko tubibona.
Nk’uko Banki y'Isi ibivuga, icyifuzo cya bimwe mu bikoresho dukoresha mu gukora bateri gishobora kwiyongera inshuro 11 mu 2050, hamwe na nikel, cobalt hamwe n’umuringa byahanuwe nko mu 2025.
Kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika ibikenerwa byibanze, hari ubundi buryo. Isosiyete ikora ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro ya DeepGreen Metals, itanga igitekerezo cyo guhitamo ubucukuzi bw'ubutaka ubushakashatsi ku nyanja, cyane cyane inyanja ya pasifika. Kuki inyanja ya pasifika? Kuberako irahari, byibuze mugace kamaze kugenwa, ko kwibanda cyane Polymetallic nodules.
Nodules… iki?
Nanone bita nodules ya manganese, nodules ya polymetallic ni ububiko bwa okiside ya ferromanganese hamwe nibindi byuma, nkibikenewe mu gukora bateri. Ubunini bwazo buratandukanye hagati ya cm 1 na cm 10 - ntibireba amabuye mato - kandi byagereranijwe ko hashobora kubikwa toni miliyari 500 hejuru yinyanja.
Birashoboka kubisanga mu nyanja zose - kubitsa byinshi bimaze kumenyekana kwisi yose - ndetse byabonetse mubiyaga. Bitandukanye no gukuramo ubutare bushingiye ku butaka, nodules ya polymetallic iherereye ku nyanja, bityo ntibisaba ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwo gucukura. Ikigaragara ni uko byose bisaba gusa… kubikusanya.
Ni izihe nyungu?
Bitandukanye n'ubucukuzi bw'ubutaka, ikusanyirizo rya polymetallic nodules rifite inyungu nyamukuru yibidukikije. Ibyo ni ibyatangajwe n’ubushakashatsi bwigenga bwashinzwe na DeepGreen Metals, bwagereranije ingaruka z’ibidukikije hagati y’ubucukuzi bw’ubutaka no gukusanya nodules ya polymetallic kugira ngo hakorwe amamiliyaridi ya batiri y’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.
Iyandikishe mu kanyamakuru kacu
Ibisubizo biratanga ikizere. Ubushakashatsi bwabaze ko imyuka ihumanya ikirere ya CO2 yagabanutseho 70% (0.4 Gt yose hamwe aho kuba 1.5 Gt hakoreshejwe uburyo buriho), 94% munsi na 92% munsi yubutaka n’amashyamba birakenewe; kandi amaherezo, nta myanda ihamye muri ubu bwoko bwibikorwa.
Ubushakashatsi buvuga kandi ko ingaruka ku nyamaswa ziri hasi ya 93% ugereranije no gucukura ubutaka. Nyamara, DeepGreen Metals ubwayo ivuga ko nubwo umubare wubwoko bwinyamanswa uba muke mukarere kegeranirijwe hejuru yinyanja, ukuri nuko kutamenyekana cyane kubwoko butandukanye bushobora kuhatura, ntabwo rero aribyo bizwi. izi ingaruka nyazo kuriyi ecosystem. Nintego ya DeepGreen Metals gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse, mumyaka itari mike, ku ngaruka ndende ku nyanja.
Gerard Barron, Umuyobozi mukuru akaba na Perezida wa DeepGreen Metals"Gukuramo ibyuma by'isugi biva ahantu hose, mubisobanuro, ntibishoboka kandi byangiza ibidukikije. Twizera ko nodules ya polymetallic ari igice cyingenzi mubisubizo. Irimo nikel nyinshi, nikel, cobalt na manganese; ni bateri kuri imodoka y'amashanyarazi ku rutare. "
Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bubyerekana, nodules ya polymetallique igizwe hafi 100% y’ibikoresho byakoreshwa kandi ntabwo ari uburozi, mu gihe imyunyu ngugu yakuwe ku isi ifite umuvuduko muke kandi irimo ibintu bifite uburozi.
Igisubizo gishobora kuba hano kugirango tubone ibikoresho bibisi byo gukora bateri nyinshi nkuko tuzakenera? DeepGreen Metals ibitekereza.
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