Kuva mu 2002 izina Supra yabayeho azwiho ibisekuruza bya A80, wagaburiraga tuneri nyinshi kwisi. Byahindutse bikunzwe cyane, kuko moteri yayo 3.0 inline ya silinderi itandatu yashoboraga kwihanganira ikintu cyose, ndetse nimyiteguro yatumaga umusazi 1000 hp. Ntabwo nigeze ntwara imwe muri izo verisiyo, ariko nagize amahirwe yo gutwara A80 isanzwe murugendo rwo mu Buyapani mugihe cya mirongo cyenda.
Niba imbere yo hepfo hamwe nibaba rirerire biracyafite ingaruka, hashize imyaka makumyabiri Toyota Supra kubaha. Akazu kari gafite imodoka nini nini, ariko umwanya wo gutwara wari ku mwanya, hamwe nubugenzuzi bwa kabiri bwikaraga hafi yumushoferi, nkindege yintambara.
Muri gahunda y'urwo rugendo, ikizamini cya Supra cyari inyandiko ngufi, atari ukubera ko imodoka itari ikiri shyashya, ariko abagabo ba Toyota bari barabyemeje kandi barashimangira ko abanyamakuru babigerageza. Igitekerezo cyari ugufata inshuro nke hafi ya oval kumurongo wikizamini cya Toyota, udashobora gufata imyanzuro myinshi.
Ndibuka urumuri rwa moteri nkuko turbos ebyiri zatangiye gukora hanyuma zitabishaka zisunika Supra imbere. Hp 330 ya 2JZ-GTE yashoboraga kugera kuri 100 km / h muri 5.1s, ariko igice natwaye cyagarukiye kuri 180 km / h, nkurikiza amategeko yisoko ryabayapani muricyo gihe. Mumaze kugera kuri uwo muvuduko, muri oval ntanubwo wafashe kimwe cya kane cyumuzingo, ibisigaye bisigaye byari hejuru yurwo rugabano. Ku mihanda yinjira nashoboraga gukomeza gutera inyuma gato, ariko sibyinshi, kuko nari mperekejwe mumodoka numutekinisiye wa Toyota ufite ubwoba.
nyuma yimyaka makumyabiri
"Byihuta-imbere" muri 2018 none ndi mumuzunguruko wa Espagne ya Jarama, inzira ishaje, ifite inguni yihuse hamwe no guhunga bigufi, guhumuka buhumyi, kumanuka ahantu hahanamye hamwe na radiyo ihindagurika, iguhatira kwiga inzira. Kuruhande rwanjye mfite Abbie Eaton, utoza, kugirango nshobore kubona byinshi muri Supra mumagambo make nemerewe. Imyambarire ye ni ugutanga amabwiriza kuruta inama, nka "ubuhejuru!" ubufasha bw'agaciro kugirango ubashe kwibanda cyane kumodoka kandi bike kumurongo. Nubwo ari muto cyane kundusha, agomba kumenya ibyo avuga, kuko yitabira neza "Shampiyona y'Ubwongereza GT".
Inzira ifite imiyoboro isanzwe yerekana uturere twa feri, ingingo zumugozi no guhagarika inzira mbi zishobora kurangira nabi. Ariko ijwi rya Miss Eaton rirakora neza kandi rinshishikariza gukora icyiciro cya kabiri vuba cyane kuruta icya mbere, aho nari naherekejwe numwigisha utuje. Moteri ya BMW irenze umurongo wa moteri itandatu ya BMW irazwi mubindi byitegererezo byinzu yubudage yarangiye muri M40i.
Toyota, ibinyujije muri Gazoo Racing, yakoze kalibrasi ivuga gusa ko ifite hp zirenga 300, ariko igomba kugira 340 hp nka Z4. Ntabwo byemewe ukundi, kubintu bibiri bizasangira moteri imwe, urubuga rumwe, rwubatswe kuri 5 na 7 Series ibyuma na aluminium CLAR yubatswe hamwe nuruganda rumwe rwa Magna-Steyr i Graz, Otirishiya. Imashini umunani yikora, hamwe na paddles kuri ruline, nayo ni imwe, itangwa na ZF.
Muri Jarama, nongera umuvuduko. Kuyobora birasobanutse neza nta bwoba, Eaton arambwira ngo ntakure amaboko kuri "icyenda na kimwe cya kane" kandi mubyukuri, sibyo. Amapine y'imbere aguma muri asfalt yongeye kuvugururwa kandi byoroshye kwerekana imodoka yerekeza munzira nziza. Hamwe nibindi bike kandi ndangije gukabya no kujya muburyo buke. Ariko kugabanura ibiro 50% kuri buri murongo byoroha guhindura imyifatire, hamwe na ruline hamwe na trottle ikinisha bigira ingaruka kumyanya yimodoka kumuhanda: munsi gato, ikuramo trottle; kurengana gato, kurwanya-kuyobora no kwihuta. Hano, na none, imiterere yuburemere bukomeye iragaragara, Toyota ivuga ko ihwanye na karubone “coke” ya super super ya Lexus LFA.
Ibyo Toyota Yabajije BMW
Icyifuzo cya Toyota kuri BMW kugira igipimo cya 1,6 hagati yikiziga (kigufi) n'umuhanda (ubugari) byagize ingaruka, kimwe na centre yo hasi ya rukuruzi, ibasha kuguma hafi yubutaka kuruta kuri GT86. Mugihe ufite aho utangirira, ntabwo bitangaje chassis yumva ishoboye gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi. Ibyo Tetsuya Tada, umuyobozi mukuru wumushinga, yaranyemeje: verisiyo ya GRMN iri mubikoresho, kuba ushobora gukoresha moteri yamarushanwa mashya ya M2, hamwe na 410 hp, ndavuga.
Tetsuya Tada, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Toyota SupraHano haribintu bitatu byingenzi bigena imikorere yiyi modoka, arirwo rugare rugufi, inzira yagutse hamwe na centre yo hasi ya rukuruzi. Kandi ibi bitandukanye cyane na Z4 yabanjirije. Twasabye rero BMW byinshi kugirango duhindure kugirango tugire ibi bintu bitatu nkuko twabishakaga.
Amashanyarazi ane muri Supra?
Toyota Supra yamye isobanura kimwe na silinderi esheshatu, ariko verisiyo idakomeye ya Supra iremezwa, hamwe na moteri ya turbo 2.0 ya moteri enye na 265 hp - bagomba kuyita Celica? Guhindura, nka Z4, ntabwo biri muri gahunda, byibuze kuri ubu.
Imodoka ntwaye nigice cya prototypes enye gusa, Toyota rero ntiyaretse ngo ikoreshe uburyo bwa Track (ituma ESP yemererwa cyane) ureke kuzimya kugenzura umutekano, byarangiye biza mubikorwa inshuro nyinshi. inshuro. Ariko hasigaye gukoresha uburyo bwo gutwara siporo, ihindura igisubizo, ubufasha bwo kuyobora no kugabanuka. Igenzura rya Supra rirasobanutse neza, ndetse no mu mfuruka yihuta cyane aho imbere ya stabilisateur imbere ifite imipaka yihariye. Muri feri yubukazi iherezo ryikigororotse, aho yageze kuri kilometero zirenga 220 / h, feri ya piston enye Brembo yarwanyije neza, ariko nigitero cyambere gishobora gufata icyemezo.
Ihererekanyabubasha ryikora, muburyo bwintoki, birihuta ariko ntabwo buri gihe byumvira tabs kugabanya, birashoboka ko nabazaga ibyo ntagomba. Igenamiterere ryo guhagarikwa ntabwo arimodoka yumunsi, kure yacyo, ariko ifite ubushobozi buhagije bwo kudasenya Michelin Pilot Super Sport (yihariye kuri Supra) kandi itanga umunezero wo gutwara mumuhanda. Byari kurushaho gushimisha iyaba byarashobokaga kubona uburyo itandukanyirizo rito-kunyerera ritwara iyo rihinduye "drift", abagabo ba Toyota bavuga, kumwenyura kwinshi, ko babiteguye kubwibi. Ubutaha birashoboka…
Igihe gitegerejwe cyane…
Moteri ya “O” BMW
Imirongo-itandatu ya moteri, moteri ya BMW mumyaka mirongo, irashobora kuvugwa neza. Byoroshye cyane kumuvuduko muke, hamwe na torque ikomeye hejuru ya 2000 rpm hanyuma hamwe nimbaraga zuzuye zanyuma zikwiriye gufata kugeza igihe ugabanije 7000 rpm. Moteri zose zirenze urugero nkiyi. Nkuko byari byitezwe, nabwo biroroshye cyane, bitanyeganyega, ariko abagabo ba Toyota barababajwe nuko, kubera amabwiriza y’umwanda, bidashobora kumvikanisha siporo. Birakomeye kandi birakomeye, ariko ntibitangaje.
Nyuma yumuhanda, umuhanda. Ba injeniyeri b'imishinga bavuga ko bamaranye umwanya munini batwara ingendo ndende kugirango Toyota Supra nayo ikore ingendo nziza. Mubirometero bike nakoze kumuhanda, ubu hamwe no guhagarikwa muburyo busanzwe, waje kubona ko damping itunganijwe neza, unyura hejuru yubutaka budatunguye umushoferi numugenzi. Kuyobora byerekanaga ibyiyumvo birenze urugero bitagira aho bibogamiye, ariko ibi birashobora kuba ikibazo cya kalibrasi itarangiye. Kuva ubu kugeza itangiye ry'umusaruro, byinshi byo guhindura ubu bwoko birashobora gukorwa.
Amashanyarazi atandatu kumurongo aganza mugihe cyo kwidagadura muri utwo turere, hamwe na purr ikora nk'amajwi yo gutera imbere bitagoranye. Akazu kameze neza "nkuko ubyifuza - hari ibisenge hejuru yinzu, kugirango wongere milimetero z'uburebure. Ntabwo igihe kirageze cyo kuvuga kubijyanye nubwiza bwibikoresho, nkuko ikibaho cyose cyari gipfundikijwe, usibye aho ukeneye kugera kuri buto zingenzi, hafi ya BMW yose ikomokaho, harimo iDrive, leveri ya gearbox hamwe ninkingi.
ngufi na siporo
Nibyo, umwanya wo gutwara ni muto, ariko ntabwo uri hasi cyane kandi ibizunguruka birahagaze neza, hafi ya vertical. Intebe iroroshye kandi itanga inkunga nziza kuruhande iyo inguni. Barahagera! Inzira Toyota yahisemo yarimo imihanda ya kabiri yubwoko butandukanye, ifite imitambiko kugeza aho ijisho ryabona, aho silinderi itandatu yashoboraga kwigaragaza mubwuzuye, muyandi magambo, mubwimbitse!… Ariko kandi iminyururu migufi, aho Supra ubwitonzi bwakomeje kugaragara.
Uburayi
Mu Burayi, Supra 3.0 ije isanzwe hamwe no guhagarika imihindagurikire y'ikirere, mm 7 munsi y'ibisanzwe, no kwifata wenyine.
Hatariho "stress" yumuhanda, gutwara byihuse kumuhanda uhindagurika byerekanaga ko siporo ya siporo ikora neza, ndetse no kubutaka budatunganye, ibasha kuva muburyo busanzwe, gusa mugihe ushaka kuzunguruka neza. Amashanyarazi abiri-ahinduka hamwe nimpinduka zihagarara hano zitanga amahirwe yo kukwereka uburyo bwo guhangana na kaburimbo mbi, guhinduka byihuse cyangwa byombi icyarimwe. Gukurura ntabwo ari ikibazo, ndetse no ku bifatizo bifatanye, hamwe na Toyota Supra itwara ibintu byose ifite hasi kandi ikerekana inzira ntoya mbere yuko ESP itangira.
Umwanzuro
Ikibazo gikomeye cya Toyota hamwe na Supra kwari ukwirinda ingaruka za GT86 / BRZ, impanga ebyiri zitandukanijwe gusa na grille n'ibimenyetso. Muri aya masezerano na BMW, gutandukanya ubwiza bisa nkaho bigaragara. Irangizwa rya gahunda ryagezweho kurwego rwa dinamike, muribyo ntagushidikanya, gushyira Supra mubice aho Porsche 718 Cayman S ivugwa. Supra ntabwo izaba igicuruzwa gikabije, ariko ni imodoka ya siporo ishoboye, ishimishije kandi yuzuye.
Kubijyanye nigiciro, Toyota ntabwo yatangaje igiciro, ariko ishyira Supra nkumunywanyi wa 718 Cayman S (ndetse na BMW M2 cyangwa Nissan 370Z Nismo), turagereranya ko ishobora gutwara amayero ibihumbi 80, iyo igeze, mu ntangiriro z'umwaka utaha.
Datasheet
| Moteri | |
|---|---|
| Ubwubatsi | Amashanyarazi 6 kumurongo |
| Ubushobozi | 2998 cm3 |
| Umwanya | Uburebure, imbere |
| Ibiryo | inshinge itaziguye, twin-umuzingo turbo |
| Ikwirakwizwa | Amashusho 2 yo hejuru, 24 valve, impinduka ebyiri |
| imbaraga | 340 hp (byagereranijwe) |
| Binary | 474 Nm |
| Kugenda | |
| Gukurura | inyuma hamwe no kwifata wenyine |
| Agasanduku k'ibikoresho | byikora umunani |
| Guhagarikwa | |
| Imbere | Amaboko arengana, imiterere yo guhuza n'imiterere |
| inyuma | Amaboko menshi, imashini ihindagurika |
| Ubushobozi nubunini | |
| Komp. / Ubugari / Alt. | 4380 mm / 1855 mm / 1290 mm |
| Intera. ibimuga | 2470 mm |
| umutiba | ntibishoboka |
| Ibiro | Ibiro 1500 (ugereranije) |
| Amapine | |
| Imbere | 255/35 R19 |
| inyuma | 275/35 R19 |
| Imikoreshereze n'imikorere | |
| Ikigereranyo cyo gukoresha | ntibishoboka |
| Umwuka wa CO2 | ntibishoboka |
| Umuvuduko mwinshi | 250 km / h (ntarengwa) |
| Kwihuta | ntibishoboka |