Moteri nyinshi zinonosoye zisaba ubuziranenge bwa lisansi

Wibuke lisansi iyobowe?

Kubuzima bwacu kandi nanone kubera guhinduranya catalitike, byabaye itegeko mumodoka zose nshya guhera mumwaka wa 1993, byari bibujijwe gukoresha no kugurisha lisansi.

Ariko, ibi ntibyabujije imodoka zikoresha kutagikora, kuko iyi nyongeramusaruro yasimbujwe no kongeramo izindi nyongeramusaruro kugirango ingaruka zimwe.

Abakora lisansi 'bahatiwe' guteza imbere ubundi bwoko bwinyongeramusaruro, ibyo bigatuma bishoboka ko habaho umubare munini wa octane utabanje kuyobora. Ibi bifasha gukoresha catalizator, kugumana ubushobozi bwo gukoresha igipimo cyo hejuru cyo kwikuramo, ngombwa kugirango ukomeze imikorere ya moteri, bityo, kugirango ugabanye ibyo ukoresha. Uru rugero rufatika rwerekana uruhare rukomeye ubushakashatsi niterambere ryibicanwa ninyongeramusaruro byagize - kandi bigakomeza kugira - muguhuza intego zangiza za moteri yaka imbere.

Luís Serrano, umushakashatsi muri ADAI, Ishyirahamwe ryiterambere ryinganda zindege

Kubwibyo, ikintu cya mbere cyingenzi cyo guteza imbere kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ni ukongera inyungu ya moteri. Kumenya ko moteri yaka ifite impuzandengo yikigereranyo cya 25%, ibi bivuze ko uko ubuziranenge bwibikomoka kuri peteroli, imikorere idahwitse kandi niko imyuka ihumanya ituruka kuri karbureti. Ibinyuranye, lisansi nziza ituma habaho gukora neza, kuko kwiyongera kwimikorere biboneka hamwe na peteroli nkeya, bigatuma igabanuka ryuka ryuka bitewe nicyiciro cyo gutwika neza.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe nigice cy’imiti cya BASF (“Kwiga Eco-Efficiency Study for Diesel Addives, Ugushyingo 2009) birerekana ibi: inyongeramusaruro ziboneka mu bicanwa ni igice cyingenzi mu kwemeza imikorere ya moteri, ntibisaba ibintu byinshi byongera kuri kugera kubisubizo birambye kandi birambye mugihe cyo gukoresha imodoka.

Symbiose hagati yabakora

Iyo ugereranije imikorere yinyongera na non-yongeyeho mazutu, iki gikorwa cyakozwe nitsinda ryabadage kivuga ko icyitwa "mazutu yoroshye" kidashobora gufasha gukora neza, kandi bigira ingaruka mbi kuramba kwibigize.

Moteri zigezweho zigizwe nibintu bifite kwihanganira inganda cyane, bityo rero ni ngombwa ko lisansi itanga isuku ijyanye kandi igateza imbere gukonjesha gukenewe mubice bitandukanye bigize sisitemu yo gutera inshinge, bikanarinda umutekano wa okiside no kwangirika kwibikoresho no kwemeza ko gusiga ibice.

Luís Serrano, umushakashatsi muri ADAI, Ishyirahamwe ryiterambere ryinganda zindege

Niyo mpamvu rero, "iterambere rya moteri hamwe na sisitemu yo gutwika ihatira guteza imbere ibicanwa bifite imiterere myiza, ibasha kwemeza imikorere myiza ya sisitemu na moteri bijyanye", uyu mushakashatsi akomeza.

Moteri ya injeniyeri itaziguye, aho lisansi ihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, bisaba inshinge nziza na pompe, ariko kandi bikunvikana cyane kubiranga nibiranga ibicanwa byakoreshejwe.

Ibi birashimangira ko hakenewe symbiyose hagati yiterambere ryibigize na moteri hamwe nuburyo bugenda butera ingufu za peteroli, bishimangira iperereza ryinyongeramusaruro zishobora gusubiza ibyifuzo byabakora moteri.

Kugirango ubone igitekerezo gifatika cyiterambere ryamavuta ninyongeramusaruro nakamaro kazo kwizerwa rya moteri (...) niba lisansi kuva mumyaka 15 cyangwa 20 yashize yakoreshejwe muri moteri iriho, mugihe gito cya gukoresha, iyo moteri yaba ifite ibibazo bikomeye byo gukora.

Luís Serrano, umushakashatsi muri ADAI, Ishyirahamwe ryiterambere ryinganda zindege

Wibande ku bidukikije

Hamwe n’intego z’ibyuka byoherezwa mu kirere bigenda byiyongera ku ruhande rw’abakora imodoka - guhera mu 2021, ibicuruzwa birasabwa kugabanya igipimo mpuzandengo cy’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bigera kuri 95 g / km, bihanishwa ihazabu iremereye -, Imyanda n’ibice. uburyo bwo kubika no kuvura buragenda bugorana kandi bworoshye.

Kandi bihenze cyane.

Mubyukuri kwemeza imikorere myiza yikoranabuhanga (abakora ibinyabiziga bagomba gukora ibirometero bigera ku bihumbi 160, nkurikije ibyifuzo by’i Burayi) ni uko ibicanwa bigira uruhare runini kandi bigahora bitezwa imbere kandi bikazamurwa mu mikorere yabyo.

DUKURIKIRA KURI YOUTUBE Kwiyandikisha kumuyoboro

Muri iki gikorwa cyakozwe na BASF, lisansi yongeweho igera kubisubizo byiza mubijyanye ningufu kandi, nkigisubizo, no mubyuka bihumanya.

Ariko, icy'ingenzi kuruta uyu mwanzuro, ni ukugaragaza uburyo imikorere n'imikorere ya lisansi yiyongera ari nini nkuko moteri ikorerwa imitwaro myinshi. Bikaba bishimangira akamaro ka lisansi yizewe mumodoka yubucuruzi cyangwa moderi zishobora gukora cyane.

Ubushakashatsi niterambere ryibicanwa ninyongeramusaruro bikomeje kugira uruhare runini muguhuza intego zangiza za moteri yaka imbere. Kurugero, kubijyanye na mazutu, igabanuka rya sulferi riragaragara, rikuraho rwose ibyuka bihumanya bya sulfure, byanduza cyane kandi byagezweho rwose nabakora lisansi. Amazi ya sufuru ni ikintu gisanzwe kigizwe namavuta yibanze (crude) kandi agaragara cyane muri mazutu, birakenewe rero gukuraho iki kintu muburyo bwo gutunganya. Muri ubu buryo byashobokaga kurandura iyi ngingo, kureba ko imyuka ihumanya ikirere kurwego rwa sulfure isigaye neza. Kugeza ubu, ubu bwoko bwoherezwa mu kirere ntibukiri ikibazo.

Luís Serrano, umushakashatsi muri ADAI, Ishyirahamwe ryiterambere ryinganda zindege

Menyesha Ikinyamakuru Fleet kubindi bisobanuro ku isoko ryimodoka.