Icyemezo cy’aya masezerano, cyihariye kuri moteri ya litiro 2, gishobora gukomeza nko mu gihe cyizuba gitaha, nyuma y’urukiko rwemejwe burundu.
Uribuka ikibazo cyoherezwa mu kirere cya Diesel ya Volkswagen? Birumvikana ko yego. Igice cyo kugenzura imikorere ya moteri, isesengura urukurikirane rw'ibipimo, “yamenye” igihe ikizamini cyo kugenzura ibyuka bihumanya, hanyuma gitangira indi gahunda yemerera kubahiriza ibipimo mugihe cyizamini. Ikizamini kirangiye, porogaramu isanzwe yongeye gukora, bivamo indangagaciro za NOx (azote ya azote) zishobora kurenga inshuro 40 byemewe.
Uburiganya bwavumbuwe muri Amerika ariko bwihuse bugera ku isi. Imodoka zirenga miliyoni 11 zagize ingaruka, cyane cyane mu Burayi, aho kwishingikiriza kuri moteri ya mazutu ari byinshi. Inkubi y'umuyaga yari nini kandi iracyiyumvamo. Byabyaye kutizerana no kutizerana mu nganda, guhindura ingamba, guhindura ibicuruzwa, gushyira igitutu kubanyapolitiki n'amabwiriza. Kubitsinda rya Volkswagen, ingaruka za Dieselgate ziragaragaza cyane kandi zihenze.
Imibare yambere itangiye kugera neza neza muri USA, aho inkomoko ya "serwakira". Amasezerano - mubyukuri ni menshi - yatangajwe hagati ya Volkswagen Group, USA, Leta ya Californiya na FTC yo muri Amerika (komisiyo ishinzwe ubucuruzi muri Amerika). Ibisobanuro birambuye byamasezerano bisobanura ibikorwa nibiciro bifitanye isano Volkswagen igomba kubahiriza.
Muri rusange Volkswagen igomba kwishyura miliyari 14.7 z'amadolari (hafi miliyari 13.26 z'amayero) yatanzwe ku buryo bukurikira:
- kugeza kuri miliyari 10.03 US $ yo kwishyura indishyi
- Miliyari 4.7 z'amadolari mu ishoramari muri gahunda yo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere
Muburyo burambuye, kubireba abaguzi, hari amahitamo menshi. Niba bafite imwe mumodoka 475.000 yibasiwe, abakiriya barashobora kugurisha imodoka yabo muri Volkswagen kumadorari 12.500 na 44.000 (bitewe nurugero). Niba bafite amasezerano yubukode, barashobora gusesa amasezerano nta kiguzi kijyanye. Ku baguzi bafashe inguzanyo zo kugura imodoka, kandi niba amafaranga y'inguzanyo arenze agaciro k'ubucuruzi bw'ikinyabiziga, barashobora guhitamo kubabarirwa amafaranga y'inguzanyo atishyuwe, azafatwa na Volkswagen, izishyura 130 % by'agaciro, ukurikije inkomoko y'inguzanyo.
Ubundi buryo ni ugusana ibinyabiziga niba Volkswagen ibonye igisubizo cyemejwe na EPA (Ikigo gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije) cyangwa CARB (California Air Resources Board). Hamwe n’ibipimo by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, hamwe n’itandukaniro riri hagati ya moteri ku migabane yombi, igisubizo gikoreshwa mu Burayi ntabwo kizakemura ikibazo muri Amerika. Kugirango iki gice cyamasezerano gitangire gukurikizwa, byibuze 85% yimodoka zose zangiritse zigomba gushyirwa muburyo butandukanye bwerekanwe. Mugihe hatubahirijwe ibipimo, amafaranga menshi agomba kuboneka kugirango gahunda yo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya.
Muri miliyari 4.7 z'amadorali y'Amerika yagenewe gahunda yo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, miliyari 2.7 z'amadolari y'Amerika azahabwa ikigega mu mishinga y'igihugu, mu gihe cy'imyaka itatu, kizibanda ku kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere aho biherereye cyangwa bikiri EA189 2.0 moteri ikoreshwa. Hashyizweho ikigo cyigenga cyo gucunga iki kigega. Miliyari 2 zisigaye zizashorwa mu guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo no muri gahunda zo kugera no kumenyekanisha ibinyabiziga bitangiza ikirere. Icyemezo cy’aya masezerano, cyihariye kuri moteri ya litiro 2, gishobora gukomeza nko mu gihe cyizuba gitaha, nyuma y’urukiko rwemejwe burundu. Kandi inzira nyinshi zikomeje kubera mubice bitandukanye byisi, ntabwo ari ukugenzura gusa iyubahirizwa cyangwa kutubahiriza amategeko nindishyi nindishyi zikwiye, hamwe nuburyozwe bwimbonezamubano ninshinjabyaha.
Nyuma yibi bibaye, ntakintu kizaba kimwe. Imbaraga za politiki n’inganda z’imodoka bigomba kumvikana kugira ngo dusuzume hamwe amategeko yo kwemeza ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, bikaba byarateje umutwe wa Volkswagen gusa, ariko n'inganda zose.