Mu myaka ya vuba aha, hari byinshi byahindutse mu nganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, kandi itara ntiryakingiwe iyi mpinduramatwara. Amatara ya Halogen, yakoreshaga ibikoresho byinshi bishya byavuye muruganda, byatanze uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo byikoranabuhanga kandi byiza, nka xenon, LED cyangwa amatara ya laser. Ariko, ntabwo buri gihe byoroshye gutandukanya ubu bwoko bune bwamatara. Reka duhere ku ntangiriro.
halogen
Niba ubungubu ureba mu idirishya ugahitamo imodoka ku bushake, birashoboka rwose ko ifite amatara ya halogen. Mubyukuri, iki gisubizo cyatangiye mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana gishize kandi cyakomeje kugeza na n'ubu.
Kimwe n'amatara yo murugo, ayo matara yaka arimo tungsten filament imbere yigituba cya gaze (halogen). Mu myaka ya za 90, igitereko cyamatara cyatangiye gukorwa muri polyakarubone - nubwo gikunda guhinduka umwijima kandi / cyangwa umuhondo, ibi bikoresho biroroshye kandi birwanya cyane ibirahuri kandi bituma uhindura urumuri binyuze mumashanyarazi.
Nubwo atari igisubizo cyiza muri iki gihe, ntabwo ari impanuka ko amatara ya halogen yamaze igihe kirekire - usibye kuba ahendutse kandi yoroshye kubungabunga / gusimbuza igisubizo, bafite ubuzima bwamasaha 500 kugeza 1000. Ingaruka nyamukuru ni ugutakaza ingufu, ahanini muburyo bwubushyuhe.
Xenon
Ugereranije n'amatara ya halogene, itara rya xenon ritandukanijwe no gutanga urumuri rwinshi kandi rukomeye, ibyo bikaba ari ibisubizo byo gushyushya imvange ya gaze, zimwe murimwe zikaba ziri no mwikirere muke.
Yatangijwe na BMW 7 Series mu 1991, ubu bwoko bwo kumurika xenon bwabaye demokarasi mu nganda z’imodoka mu ntangiriro ziki kinyejana, biva muburyo bwo guhitamo ibikoresho bisanzwe muburyo bushya bwo gukora. Usibye kumara igihe kirekire (kugeza kumasaha 2000) no gukoresha ingufu, itara rya xenon naryo rirahenze.
LED
Amagambo ahinnye yerekana urumuri rwa Diode, amatara ya LED nubwoko bukunzwe cyane bwo kumurika muriyi minsi - kandi ntabwo ari mubikorwa byimodoka gusa. Kubwimpamvu ebyiri zingenzi: ingufu zingirakamaro hamwe nubunini buto.
Kuberako ari diode ntoya ya semiconductor itanga urumuri mugihe amashanyarazi akoreshejwe, amatara ya LED arashobora kugenzurwa cyane. Urashobora kubikoresha mumatara, amatara ya feri, guhinduranya ibimenyetso, amatara yibicu cyangwa ikindi gice cyimodoka; birashoboka guhindura ibara cyangwa igishushanyo cyayo; birashoboka kandi gucana uduce tumwe na tumwe muburyo butandukanye, kugirango tutazimya urujya n'uruza, kurugero. Ibyo ari byo byose… inzozi z'ishami iryo ari ryo ryose.
Mu ntangiriro yihariye ya moderi nziza, bake ni moderi zubu zidatanga amatara ya LED nkuburyo bwo guhitamo - ndetse no mu gice cya B. Ariko ntabwo byose ari byiza: ibibi nyamukuru byerekanwe kumatara ya LED nigiciro kandi birashoboka kubyara ubushyuhe budakenewe hafi yibice byegeranye.
Laser
Inzozi z'abafana bose ba Star Wars saga: kugira imodoka ifite amatara ya laser. Kubwamahirwe, imirasire ya laser ntabwo ikoreshwa hano kugirango isenye inkubi y'umuyaga cyangwa imodoka imbere, ahubwo ni ukubona ubukana nurwego rwo kumurika biruta kure amatara gakondo. Kandi muri iyi "ntambara yumucyo", Audi niyo yatsinze.
BMW niyo yabanje gutangaza iki gisubizo muburyo bwo gukora, muriki gihe BMW i8, ariko Audi yateganyaga ikirango cya Bavarian itanga ikoranabuhanga kuri R8 LMX, kubyara umusaruro muke.
Iri koranabuhanga rituruka kumirasire ya laser igamije gushiraho indorerwamo, ishinzwe guhindura icyerekezo cyumucyo no kwohereza mu gicu cya gaze ya fosifore yumuhondo. Igisubizo: urumuri rwera rukomeye cyane (muri BMW i8 rushobora kumurika kugera kuri metero 600, ukurikije ikirango), rukora neza kandi rugabanya amaso.
Ingaruka nini ni… igiciro. Nuburyo bushobora gushika kumayero 10.000.