Mumavhiki achangopfuura gakava riri seri kwemhino itsva dzeFormula 1 kwave kuri kukuru. Kana kune vakawanda, mhino itsva dzinoita sedzakafanana, kune vamwe dzinotora maumbirwo anotiendesa kune zvakasikwa kana zvinhu zviri muchimiro chenhengo inokahadzika.
Hatidi kukunetsa nemibvunzo mikuru yeinjiniya uye masvomhu akaoma, saka ngatiite kuti chidzidzo chive chakareruka sezvinobvira, semhino pachadzo, izvo zvatisingadiwo kutaura nezvazvo panyaya dzeotolaryngology dziri pedyo nadzo. .
Williams Mercedes FW36
Chokwadi ndechekuti pane zvikonzero zvakanaka nei rudzi urwu rwekugadzira rwakabata muna 2014 uye isu tinogona kutotenda izvozvo. zviviri zvezvikonzero zvikuru zvinoenderana ne: FIA mitemo uye kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari.
Sei paine magadzirirwo akasiyana akadai pakati pemhino? Mhinduro iri nyore uye ingori yakachena aerodynamic engineering, "black art" iyo yakatora makore kuti igone, sezvo zvisingagoneki nguva dzose kusanganisa zvakanakisa mhedzisiro.
Sezvineiwo, iwo mainjiniya mamwechete akaunza hunyanzvi kunyika yeFormula 1 senge kabhoni fiber monocoque zvimiro, 6-vhiri rimwe-seaters, mapatya diffusers uye aerodynamic dhiza yekudzikisa masisitimu, varikudawo kuita chero chinhu kushandisa mabhenefiti ese ayo mirairo. bvumira, kuitira kuti motokari dzavo dzive dzinokurumidza munhangemutange.
Tyrell Ford 019
Asi ngatikutsanangurirei kuti takasvika sei padhizaini inotyisa kudaro, zvinoita kuti tibvunze pfungwa dzeavo vari kumashure kweFormula 1 engineering landscape. Zvese zvinodzokera kumashure makore makumi maviri nemana, neTyrell 019 inogara munhu mumwe, panguva ya1990 uye tekinoroji timu, ine director Harvey Postlethwaite uye mukuru wedhizaini Jean-Claude Migeo, akaziva kuti zvaigoneka kufambisa kunyange mweya wakawanda muchikamu chezasi cheF1 kana vakachinja dhizaini yemhino nekutarisa kuti une kukwirira kwepamusoro kana uchienzaniswa nebapiro. .
Nekuita izvi, kuyerera kwemhepo kutenderera munzvimbo yepasi yeF1 yaizove yakakwirira, uye kuburikidza nemhepo yakakura ichiyerera nepakati penzvimbo yepasi pane nzvimbo yepamusoro, zvaizokonzera kusimudza kukuru kweaerodynamic uye. muFormula 1 aerodynamics murairo unoyera mubhaibheri wechero mainjiniya . Kubva ipapo, mhino dzakatanga kusimuka maererano nendege yakatwasuka yebapiro remberi, chikamu chavanobatanidzwa.
RedBull ToroRosso Renault STR9
Asi shanduko dzekusimudza mhino idzi dzakaunza matambudziko, kunyanya mumwaka wa2010 kuValencia GP, apo Mark Webber's Red Bull, mushure mekumira pamakumbo mapfumbamwe, akaita kuti Webber atore pakupera mushure mekubuda mumakomba, iyo Lotus. of Kovaleinen. Webber akazvimisikidza kuseri kwaKovaleinen uye akatora mukana wekuyerera kwake kwakakwenenzverwa, kunozivikanwawo semhepo cone. Webber akafunga kuyedza ku overtake akamirira kuti Kovaleinen abve munzira, asi panzvimbo pezvo, Kovaleinen akarova mabhureki eLotus uye mhuno yaWebber's Red Bull yakabata vhiri reshure reLotus, ichiita kuti ibhururuke 180 degrees uye ichibhururuka ichienda. h vakananga kumudziyo wemavhiri.
Mushure mechiitiko ichi, zvakava pachena kune FIA kuti mhino dzakakwira kusvika pakakwirira kudaro, izvo chaizvoizvo zvaiisa njodzi kune vatyairi, sezvo vaigona kurova musoro wemutyairi pakaitika tsaona. Kubva ipapo, iyo FIA yakamisa mitemo mitsva uye kureba kwechikamu cheF1 kumberi kwakadzorwa pa 62.5cm, nehupamhi hwepamusoro hunobvumirwa mhino ye55cm maererano nendege yemunhu mumwe chete, inomiririrwa. neiyo yakaderera fairing yemotokari uye kuti zvisinei nekumisikidzwa kwekumisikidzwa, haigone kuve yakakwira kupfuura 7.5cm kubva pasi.
Kwegore rino, mhino dzakakwirira dzakaonekwa kusvika ikozvino dzakarambidzwa, zvichienderana nemitemo mitsva yekuchengetedza. Asi izvo zvinotyaira dhizaini dhizaini shanduko yekutonga: zvinoratidzika kuti mhino haigoni kudarika 18.5 cm pakureba maererano nendege yemotokari, iyo inofananidzwa negore 2013 inomiririra kuderera kwe 36.5 cm uye imwe kugadziriswa kwemitemo, muchikamu 15.3.4 chemutemo. , inotaura kuti F1 inofanira kuva nechikamu chimwe chete chemuchinjikwa pamberi pechiratidziro chakachinjika, chine hurefu hwe9000mm² (50mm kuseri kwekupedzisira kwepamusoro kureva muromo wemhino).
Sezvo zvikwata zvakawanda zvaisada kugadzirisa zvakare kumberi nekumberi kweF1 yavo, vakasarudza kudzikisa ndege kubva kumusoro kwemaoko ekumisa. Asi panguva imwe chete ivo vanoda kuchengeta mhino dzavo dzakakwirira sezvinobvira, mhedzisiro yacho magadzirirwo aya ane maburi emhuno akatanhamara.
Ferrari F14T
Muna 2015, mitemo ichave yakanyanya kuoma uye motokari chete inotoenderana navo ndiyo Lotus F1. MuLotus F1 mhino yatove nemutsara wekudzikisa kona kusvika kumuromo wekupedzisira, saka yakawanda rhinoplasty inotarisirwa mune yasara F1. Nepo kuchengetedza kuri iko kwekutanga muFormula 1, aerodynamics inoramba iri iyo inonyanya kukosha kune ese mainjiniya ayo.
Nekuchinja uku zvino zvinogoneka kumisikidza marudzi maviri eF1 zvigaro zvemotokari mwaka uno. Kune rimwe divi isu tine pointy-nosed F1 , inova zvechokwadi mota inomhanyisa pane yakatwasuka nekuda kweiyo diki kumberi kwepasi uye yakadzika aerodynamic kuramba, yakagadziridzwa kumhanya kwepamusoro, Ukuwo tine mota dzeF1 dzinokona dzichimhanya zvakanyanya , ine mahombe emhuno ayo akagadzirira kuburitsa simba guru remhepo, nekuda kwenzvimbo yakakura yepamberi. Ehe, isu tinogara tichitaura nezve misiyano mishoma pakati pemota, asi muFormula 1 zvese zvine basa.
Kana chiri chokwadi kuti F1 nasal cavities inotenderera nekumhanya kwakanyanya, nekuda kwehukuru hwadzo hwekugadzira masimba emhepo, semhedzisiro yekuyerera kwemhepo yakawandisa munzvimbo yepasi, ichokwadi zvakare kuti inononoka pamhepo. straights, kurangwa nekudhonza aerodynamics yavanozoburitsa. Aya achada kushandisa ekuwedzera 160 horsepower ye sisitimu (ERS-K) kubhadhara, nepo vamwe vese vachizoda yakawedzera system simba (ERS-K) kunze kwemakona kuti ikurumidze kuwana kukurumidza nekuda kweiyo yakaderera aerodynamic simba mukati memakona.
Simba India Mercedes VJM07