Izvo hazvitore nguva yakareba kutarisa data remusika mumakore gumi apfuura kuona kuti SUV/Crossovers iri kuwedzera kuve "simba guru" mumusika wemotokari wepasi rose.
Kubudirira hakusi kutsva uye kwakavakirwa kubva pakutanga kwezana ramakore, asi ingori mumakore gumi apfuura iyo SUV/Crossover craze yakakwira.
Uye hapana mhando inoita seisina kudzivirirwa - panofanira kunge paine vanhu vasati vanzwa nezvenyaya yekuti Porsche yakatanga Cayenne kutanga kwezana rino ramakore, kunyangwe iri muchizvarwa chechitatu. Nekudaro, kungave kuzvarwa kweNissan Qashqai (2006) uye Juke (2010) izvo zvaizonyatso kusimudzira typology iyi.
Ikozvino, nepo zvikamu B neC "zvafashama" neSUV (Sport Utility Vehicle) neCrossover, iyo yaiita kunge fashoni iri kuwedzera kuratidzwa se "nyowani" yemusika wemotokari, kunyanya patinoona izvo zvinoita senge. remangwana reindasitiri - electrification - iri kuvakwa, pamusoro pezvose, muchimiro chemuviri uyu.
Dzimwe nhamba dzedomasi
Mushure memakore gumi ekuona kukosha kweSUV / Crossover mumusika kukura, kutanga kwe2021 kwakasimbisa huremu hwezvikumbiro izvi mumusika weEurope, neSUV / Crossover inomiririra 44% yekunyoresa muna Ndira, sezvakaratidzwa nedata kubva kuJET Dynamics. .
Nhamba idzi dzinongosimbisa maitiro agara achitarisirwa. Sekureva kweJATO Dynamics, muna 2014, padanho repasi rose, maSUV aive nechikamu chemusika che22.4%. Zvakanaka, mumakore mana chete nhamba iyi yakakwira kusvika pa36.4%, uye ... inoramba ichikwira.
Nekudaro, sekune zvimwe zvese, pane chimwe chiitiko pane maitiro uye kukura kwekutonga kweSUV/Crossover kuri kuitwa nekurasikirwa kwemamwe maitiro akajairwa emuviri kana mafomati (nekupfuura), mamwe acho ari munjodzi yekunyangarika. pamwe chete.
"Vakabatwa" veSUV/Crossover kubudirira
Hapana nzvimbo yemunhu wese pamusika uye kuti vamwe vabudirire vamwe vanotozokundikana. Ndizvo zvakaitika nechimiro chakatodaidzwa kunzi “mota yeramangwana”, MPV (Multi-Purpose Vehicle), kana semaziviro atinovaziva pano, maminivan.
Naivowo vakasvika, vakaona uye vakakunda, kunyanya muma1990 nemakore ekutanga ezana rino remakore. Asi zvaisatombokoshera kumirira kupera kwemakore gumi apfuura kuona maMPV achideredzwa kuita mashoma ezvikumbiro mu "kondinendi yekare", anyangarika muzhinji kubva muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvemusika wavaigara.
Asi vatakuri vevanhu handivo voga vakatsamwira kubudirira kweSUV/Crossover. Mu "vortex" maSUVs aivewo chikamu chakakosha chekudzikira kwakanyanya kwema sedans (matatu-vhoriyamu bodywork), ayo kutengeswa kwakabvumiranwa gore rega rega, zvichikonzera mabhureki mazhinji (kunyanya generalist) kusiya pazviri.
Iwo (chaiwo) coupés kana miviri yemagonhi matatu ine sportier contours yakaonawo nzvimbo yavo ichitorwa muchidimbu nema stylistic mahybrids ari "SUV-Coupé" neEuropean bastion anga ari (uye achiri) mavhani, akawanda kwazvo. vakabudirira kupfuura hatchbacks / sedan kwavanobva, ivo vakatamburawo.
Kunyangwe isu tichigona kutovatora sevanofanotungamira veiyo SUV pfungwa mune yavo "yakamonerwa bhurugwa" shanduro, munguva pfupi yapfuura mavhani akafuratirwa neavo vari kutsvaga chirevo chemhuri. Uye ikozvino, kunyange mabhureki ane tsika yakasimba mumhando iyi yemuviri, seVolvo, "vachifuratira" pavari - matatu matatu anotengeswa zvakanyanya emhando yeSweden nhasi maSUV ayo.
Pakupedzisira, mazuva ano inoratidzika seyakajairika hatchback (double-volume bodywork), yakambotonga uye isingasvikike, kuve mukutyisidzirwa, kunyanya muzvikamu zvepasi zvemusika, uko kune yega yega yemhando yeB uye C segment zvinotogoneka. kuverenga imwe kana mbiri dzimwe nzira mu "fashion format".
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, ndiyo SUV/Crossover inovimbisa nhamba huru yekutengesa maererano nemotokari "yakajairika" iyo inobva.
B-SUV, injini yekukura
Izvo chaizvo muchikamu cheB, muEurope, isu tinogona "kutaura" chikamu chikuru chebasa rekukura kweiyo SUV / Crossover musika. Kana makore gumi apfuura maB-SUV pamusika akaverengerwa anenge paminwe yeruoko rumwe, nhasi kune zvinopfuura gumi nemaviri zvirevo.
Iyo "trigger" yaive kubudirira kusingatarisirwi kweNissan Juke uye, makore mashoma gare gare, yeFrench "cousin", iyo Renault Captur. Yekutanga, yakatangwa muna 2010, yakagadzira chikamu chidiki chaidiwa nemhando dzese kana kuti chaifanira kutevedzera mushure mekuona kubudirira kwayo kukuru; nepo wechipiri, akaberekwa muna 2013 aine chitarisiko chakanyanya, akasimuka pahutungamiriri muchikamu uye akauya kuzoratidza kuti ramangwana rechikamu cheB rakarara muB-SUVs.
Muchikamu chiri pamusoro apa, Qashqai yakanga yatoteya nheyo dzekusimuka kweSUV / Crossover uye, chokwadi ngazvitaurirwe, mumakore gumi akatevera yakaramba "ichiisa mutemo", pasina kupokana. Isu taizofanira kumirira kusvika pakupera kwemakore gumi apera kuti tione mamwe maSUV/Crossovers ari muchikamu achirwisa hutongi hwavo hwekutengesa, hwakauya muchimiro cheVolkswagen Tiguan, “yedu” T-Roc uyezve chizvarwa chechipiri Peugeot. 3008.
Muzvikamu zvekumusoro, maive nemhando dzakati wandei "dzakaendesa" nzvimbo yepamusoro-yepamusoro-soro muEurope kune SUV, senge South Korean Kia neHyundai ine Sorento neSanta Fe, kana Volkswagen neTouareg, iyo yakabudirira. uko Phaeton yetsika yakakundikana.
Zvikonzero zvekubudirira
Kunyangwe paine akawanda petrolhead uye mana mavhiri vanofarira vasiri SUV/Crossover mafeni, chokwadi ndechekuti ivo vakunda musika. Uye kune nharo dzakawanda dzinobatsira kuona kubudirira kwayo, kubva pane zvakanyanya kunzwisisika kusvika kune zvepfungwa.
Kutanga, tinogona kutanga nechitarisiko chayo. Zvichienzaniswa nemotokari dzavanobva, pane musiyano wakajeka wekuti tinozviona sei. Zvingave nekuda kwehukuru hwadzo, mavhiri makuru, kana kunyange mapurasitiki "nhoo" anoaperekedza senhumbi dzokurwa, anoita seakasimba uye anokwanisa kutidzivirira zvirinani - "zvinotaridzika" ndiro izwi rakakosha...
Isu tichiri kubatanidza SUV/Crossover nemamwe manzwiro ekunzvenga kana kutiza, kunyangwe vazhinji vasingasiyi "sango" remaguta. Vazhinji vedu tinogona kuwirirana nemanzwiro aya, kunyange kana tisingamboaiti maererano nawo.
Chechipiri, kureba (kurebesa kwevhu uye kureba kwemuviri) kunopa nzvimbo yepamusoro yekukwira, iyo vazhinji vanoona seyakachengeteka. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yekutyaira inobvumirawo maonero ari nani emugwagwa, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuona uri kure.
Chechitatu, uye sezvatakataura muchinyorwa chatakaburitsa makore mashoma apfuura, pane yakakosha physiological nyaya kumashure kwekubudirira kweSUV/Crossover: zviri nyore kupinda nekubuda mumotokari . Nepo ikoko kusiri kwechokwadi kwavari vose, vatyairi vazhinji vanoonga idi rokuti havafaniri “kukotama” zvikuru kana kuti “kudhonza” netsandanyama dzemakumbo kuti vabude mumotokari yavo. Sirogani inoita kunge… “kutsvedza nokubuda” uye pasina kudzvanya chiremerera chemunhu, sezvinoitika mumotokari dzepasi.
Zvinonzwika sechishuwo, asi hazvisizvo. Huwandu hwevanhu vari munyika dzekumavirira vari kuchembera uye izvi zvinoreva kuti kune vanhu vakawanda vane matambudziko makuru ekufamba uye kufamba. Motokari yakareba ine nzvimbo yekutyaira yepamusoro inogona kubatsira zvakanyanya, kunyangwe iyo yakawedzera kucheneswa kwepasi kweSUVs inogona zvakare kukonzera kunetsa - dambudziko iro maMPV akange asina…
Uchishandisa yakanyanyisa muenzaniso, zviri nyore kupinda muNissan Qashqai pane Alpine A110. Kunyangwe kana ichienzaniswa nemota dzakaenzana, zviri nyore kupinda nekubuda muCaptur pane Clio, kana T-Roc pane Gorofu.
Asi pane zvimwe. I-B-SUVs, semuenzaniso, iye zvino ine zvigadziro zveimba zvinopikisana nevemhuri maduku muchikamu cheC. -SUV inodhura kupfuura mienzaniso yavanobva.
Pakupedzisira, purofiti. Kubva kudivi reindasitiri (yeavo vanoagadzira) iyo SUV/Crossovers zvakare yakaguma yave kukosheswa zvakanyanya, sezvo vachivimbisa mibairo yepamusoro. Kana pamutsetse wekugadzira vachidhura zvakanyanya kana zvishoma kudarika motokari dzavanobva, mutengo wevatengi, zvisinei, wakakwirira zvikuru-asi vatengi vanoda kupa iyo inokosha-kuvimbisa purofiti yepamusoro pachikwata chinotengeswa.
Mumakore gumi apfuura uye zvakare mune ino yave kutanga, iyo SUV/Crossover inoonekwa nevazhinji vaongorori sebharumu reokisijeni kuindasitiri yemotokari. Mutengo wayo wepamusoro uye purofiti yakakura yakabvumira vagadziri kuti vatarise zvirinani uye kutora mutengo uri kukura wekusimudzira nekugadzira (tekinoroji uye anti-emissions zviri mumotokari zviri kuramba zvichikura), pamwe nekutarisana nekudyara kukuru kunodiwa shanduko kuenda kumagetsi nedhijitari. kufamba.
"Marwadzo" ekukura
Zvisinei, hazvisi zvose "roses". Kubudirira kweSUV/Crossover kwakavewo nemhedzisiro isingatarisirwe mumakore gumi apfuura apo zvakawanda zvakataurwa pamusoro pekudzikisa kuburitswa kweCO2. Ivo havasati vari ivo vakakodzera mota yekuzadzisa chinangwa ichi.
Zvichienzaniswa nemotokari dzemazuva ose dzavanobva, dzine nzvimbo yakakura yepamberi uye aerodynamic drag coefficient, uye inorema, izvo zvinoreva kuti kushandiswa kwavo kwemafuta uye, naizvozvo, CO2 emissions inogara yakakwirira.
Muna 2019, JATO Dynamics yakayambira kuti budiriro yeSUVs (yakazongoita makumi matatu nesere muzana emotokari dzakanyoreswa muEurope) ndechimwe chezvinhu zvaikonzera kuwedzera kweavhareji yekuburitsa kwezvibodzwa zviri kuramba zvichidiwa zveEuropean Union.
Nekudaro, "kuputika" kweplug-in uye mahybrids emagetsi, mazhinji acho ari muSUV/Crossover fomati, akabatsira kudzikisa dambudziko iri - muna 2020, CO2 emissions yaive yakadzikira 12% zvichienzaniswa ne2019, kudonha kwakanyanya, asi kunyangwe zvakadaro. , dzakanga dziri pamusoro pechipfuro che95 g/km.
Pasinei nerubatsiro rwemagetsi, ichokwadi kuti iyi typology ichagara isinganyanyi kushanda pane mamwe echinyakare, uko mota dzakaderera uye dziri pedyo nepasi. Kunyangwe mune ramangwana remagetsi riri kuwedzera uye tichifunga nezve mabhatiri emazuva ano (uye kwemakore anotevera), zvinoramba zvakakosha kutsvaga nzira dzakasimba dzekudzikisa huwandu hwemotokari dzatinotenga, kuitira "kusvina" mamwe makiromita akawedzera. yemhosva imwe chete.
Ramangwana
Kana iyi Yakakosha "Yakanakisa yemakore gumi 2011-2020" iri mukana wekumira nekufungisisa pane zvakaitika muindasitiri yemotokari mumakore gumi apfuura, hatigone kuramba, mune iyi nyaya, kutarisa kuti makore gumi aya chii. chengetedzo yeramangwana reSUV/Crossover.
Kune vagadziri vakati wandei, kuburikidza nezwi revatungamiriri vavo vakuru uye vagadziri, avo vari kutotaura mune post-SUV nyika. Zvinorevei izvo? Tichazofanira kumirira imwe nguva yemhinduro dzekongiri, asi zviratidzo zvekutanga zvinoratidza kusimuka kubva kune yechinyakare SUV formula, kuenda kune yakareruka fomula, ichiri pachena Crossover, rudzi rwemotokari yakasanganiswa: iyo crossover saloon.
Kubva paCitroën C5 X itsva kusvika kuFord Evos, kuburikidza nePolestar 2, Hyundai Ioniq 5 uye Kia EV6 kana kunyange ramangwana reMégane E-Tech Electric, zvinokwanisika kufanoona kupera kwechinyakare saloon uye van, ine rudzi rwe fusion inoonekwa munzvimbo yayo yemhando dzakasiyana mumotokari imwe, yakaoma kuisa mumapoka.