Mushure mekunge Dieselgate yanyatsofukidza maDiesel mugore rakasviba - tinoti "chaizvoizvo", nekuti kutaura zvazviri, kupera kwayo kwanga kwatove nekukakavadzana zvakanyanya zvisati zvaitika - ikozvino inotsiva yakakodzera. Kuda kana kusada, chokwadi ndechekuti injini dzedhiziri dzaive uye dzinoramba dziri sarudzo yeruzhinji rwevatengi. Uye kwete, haisi muPortugal chete… Tora muenzaniso uyu.
Mutsivi: waida!
Zvichatora nguva isati yasvika magetsi ave "akajairika" kuindasitiri yemotokari - inofungidzirwa kuti muna 2025 chikamu che100% yemotokari yemagetsi ichiri kutenderera 10%, iyo isiri yakawanda.Naizvozvo, kusvika pakusvika kweichi "chakajairika" chitsva, mhinduro inodiwa inopa hupfumi hwekushandisa uye mwero wekubuda kweDiesel pamutengo wekutenga injini dzepeturu.
Ndeipi imwe nzira iyi?
Sezvineiwo, iVolkswagen, iyo mhando yaive papicenter yekudengenyeka kwemhepo, iyo inouya neimwe nzira yeDiesel. Maererano neGerman brand, imwe nzira inogona kunge iri injini yako itsva yeB-cycle. Saka kuwedzera imwe mhando yekutenderera kune avo vagara varipo muinjini dzepeturu: Otto, Atkinson naMiller.
Mabhasikoro uye mamwe matenderedzwa
Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyeOtto kutenderera, iyo inonyanya kudzokororwa mhinduro muindasitiri yemotokari. Iwo maAtkinson naMiller matenderedzwa anoratidza kuve anoshanda zvakanyanya pamutengo wekuita chaiko.
Kuwana (mukubudirira) uye kurasikirwa (mukuita) nekuda kwekuvhura nguva yevhavha yekupinda muchikamu chekumanikidza. Iyi nguva yekuvhura inokonzera danho rekumanikidza iro rakapfupika pane chikamu chekuwedzera.
Chikamu chemutoro muchikamu chekumanikidza chinodzingwa nevhavha inopinza iyo ichiri kuvhurika. Iyo piston saka inowana kushomeka kushoma kwekudzvanywa kwemagasi - chikonzero nei kunyatsoshanda kwakadzikira, ndiko kuti, kunokonzeresa kushomeka kwebhiza uye Nm. Apa ndipo apo Miller cycle, inozivikanwawo se "five-stroke" injini. inopinda mukati. iyo, kana ichishandisa supercharging, inodzosera iyi yakarasika chaji kukamuri yekupisa.
Nhasi, nekuda kwekutonga kuri kuwedzera kweiyo nzira yekupisa, kunyangwe injini dzeOtto cycle dzatove kukwanisa kutevedzera Atkinson cycles kana mitoro yakadzikira (nekudaro kuwedzera kugona kwavo).
Saka cycle B inoshanda sei?
Chaizvoizvo, kutenderera B ndiko kushanduka kweMiller kutenderera. Iyo Miller kutenderera inovhara mavharuvhu ekutora nguva isati yapera yekudya sitiroko. Iyo B kutenderera inosiyana kubva kuMiller kutenderera mukuti inovhara mavharuvhu ekupinza kare kare. Chigumisiro chacho chakareba, kupisa kunobudirira pamwe chete nekukurumidza kwemhepo kune magasi ekudya, izvo zvinovandudza mafuta / mhepo musanganiswa.
Imwe yemabhenefiti eiyi B-kutenderera kutsva kugona kuchinjika kuOtto cycle kana simba rakawanda richidiwa, kudzokera kune yakanyatso shanda B-kutenderera panguva yakajairika kushandiswa kwemamiriro. Izvi zvinogoneka chete nekuda kweaxial displacement yecamshaft - iyo ine makamera maviri evhavha yega yega - ichibvumira nguva dzekuvhurwa kwemavharuvhu ekupinda kuti ichinje kune imwe neimwe yematenderedzwa.
Nzvimbo yekutanga
Injini yeEA888 ndiyo yaive yekutanga mhinduro iyi. Inotozivikanwa kubva kune mamwe maapplication muboka reGerman, iri 2.0 l turbo injini ine masilinda mana mumutsara. Injini iyi yainyanya kugadziridzwa padanho remusoro (yakagamuchira camshafts itsva uye mavharuvhu) kuti ishande zvinoenderana nemiganhu yeiyi kutenderera kutsva. Shanduko idzi zvakare dzakamanikidza kugadziridzwazve kwepistoni, zvikamu uye kamuri yekupisa.Kuitira kutsiva chikamu chipfupi chekumanikidza, Volkswagen yakasimudza reshiyo yekumanikidza kusvika pa11.7: 1, kukosha kusati kwamboitika kune injini yakachajiswa, inopembedza kusimbiswa kwezvimwe zvikamu. Kunyangwe iyo iripo EA888 haipfuuri 9.6:1. Jekiseni rakananga rakaonawo kudzvanywa kwayo kuchiwedzera, iko zvino kwasvika 250 mabara.
Sekushanduka kweEA888, chizvarwa chechitatu chemhuri iyi injini inozivikanwa se EA888 Gen. 3B.
ngatiende kunhamba
Iyo EA888 B inochengeta ese mana masilinda mumutsara uye 2.0 l yekugona, pamwe nekushandiswa kweturbo. Inounza kutenderera 184 hp pakati pe4400 ne6000 rpm uye 300 Nm ye torque pakati pe1600 ne3940 rpm. . Injini iyi ichatanga yavavarira kutsiva 1.8 TSI iyo inoshongedzera mhando zhinji dzerudzi rweGerman dzinotengeswa mumusika wekuNorth America.
Kudzikisira kuitira kushanda zvakanaka? Kana kumuona.
Zvichasvika kune itsva Volkswagen Tiguan kutanga injini itsva muU.SA. Maererano nechiratidzo, iyo 2.0 itsva ichabvumira kuita zviri nani uye kushandiswa kwakaderera uye kubudiswa kwemhepo kana ichienzaniswa ne1.8 iyo inorega kushanda.
Parizvino, hapana data repamutemo maererano nekushandisa. Asi mhando inofungidzira kudzikiswa kwekushandisa kunosvika 8%, nhamba inogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya nekuvandudzwa kweB-cycle itsva.