Porsche iri kushingairira kuongorora tekinoroji yekudhinda 3D uye ikozvino, kekutanga, inoishandisa kune zvakanyanya kusimbiswa zvinofamba zvinhu zvakaita sepiston. Ivo vachiri prototype, asi yekutanga mhedzisiro yebvunzo pamapiston akadhindwa ari kuvimbisa.
Mhedzisiro yekudyidzana kwebudiriro pakati pePorsche, Mahle naTrumpf (vanogadzira nzira dzekugadzira nekudhinda), kuti vaedze tekinoroji iyi, mugadziri weGerman akaunganidza mapiston aya muflat-nhanhatu ye "monster" 911 GT2 RS.
Iwe unogona kunge uchibvunza, sei kudhinda pistons?
Mapistoni akagadzirwa muinjini ye911 GT2 RS atoshandisa tekinoroji yekugadzira inosanganisa kureruka, simba uye kusimba. Akakosha maficha ekumira kuomarara kweakavimbiswa kuita kwepamusoro.
Zvisinei, zvinokwanisika kuenda mberi. 3D kudhinda kana yekuwedzera kugadzira (nematanho) inobvumidza iwe kukwenenzvera dhizaini yepiston, kunyanya padanho rekuumbwa, kushandisa zvinhu chete uye chete uko mauto anobata piston. Iyo optimization isingagone kuwanikwa nenzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira, zvinogoneka chete nekuti 3D kudhinda "inogadzira" chinhu chakaturikidzana mushure mechikamu, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kuongorora mafomu matsva.
Nyorera kune tsamba yedu
Iyo dhizaini optimization inoguma mune yakawanda organic kupfuura geometric maumbirwo anoita seanouya zvakananga kubva kune zvakasikwa, nekudaro kudomwa kwebionic dhizaini.
Mukupedzisira, isu tine chikamu chine hunhu hunodiwa kutendeseka - Porsche inoti mapistoni ayo akadhindwa akatosimba pane akagadzirwa - asi zvinhu zvishoma zviri kudiwa kuti zvizadzise izvi zvinokonzeresa chikamu chakareruka.
Kuenzaniswa kwepiston yekunyepedzera (kuruboshwe) nepiston yakadhindwa (kurudyi).
10% yakareruka, yakawanda 300 rpm, yakawanda 30 hp
Panyaya yemapistoni akadhindwa ePorsche, tekinoroji iyi yakavabvumidza kudzikisa huwandu hwavo negumi muzana kana zvichienzaniswa nemapiston akagadzirwa anoshandiswa muyero 911 GT2 RS, asi sekureva kwaFrank Ickinger wePorsche's advanced development department "mienzaniso yedu inoratidza kuti pane. mukana wekusvika 20% wekuchengetedza huremu".
Mumotokari, uremu, kana kuti uremu, muvengi-zvimwe chete ndezvechokwadi muinjini. Iyo piston inhengo inofamba, saka kubvisa misa kunounza zvakanakira. Nekureruka kune inertia shoma, saka, mumutemo, kuedza kushoma kuchadiwa kuifambisa.
Mhedzisiro yacho ndeyekuti mapiston akadhindwa ePorsche akabvumira 911 GT2 RS's 3.8 biturbo flat-six kuti imhanye pa300 rpm pamusoro peinjini yekugadzira, zvichikonzera imwezve 30 hp yesimba guru, kana 730 hp pachinzvimbo che700 cv.
Asi zvakanakira hazviperi nekureruka kukuru kwepiston. Sezvatakambotaura, 3D kudhinda kunobvumira nzira dzisingagoneke kuwanikwa nenzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzira. Panyaya yeaya mapistoni akadhindwa, kugadzirwa kwemusara kwakabvumira kuwedzerwa kwegomba rekutonhorera kuseri kwezvindori zvepiston. Yakafanana nechubhu yakavharwa mukati mepiston, ine mbiri chete yekupinza uye yekubuda kuvhurika yedunhu remafuta.
Neiyi nzira yekuwedzera kutonhora, tembiricha yepiston kana ichishanda yadzikira neinopfuura 20 ° C chaizvo painoiswa pasi pepamusoro pemafuta ekupisa. Nekuwana yakadzika tembiricha yekushanda yepiston, Porsche yakakwanisawo kukwidziridza kupisa, kuwedzera kudzvanywa uye tembiricha, zvichikonzera kushanda kwakawanda. Sezvakataurwa naFrank Ickinger:
"Uyu muenzaniso wakanaka wekuti injini yekupisa ichine mukana mune ramangwana."
Mapistoni ePorsche anodhindwa sei
Kudyidzana naMahle - iyo yakagadzira uye yakagadzira mapistoni akagadzirwa e911 GT2 RS - akavabvumira kugadzira simbi yehupfu inoshanda se "inki" kudhinda mapistoni. Iyo poda inoshandisa Mahle's M174+ aluminium alloy, yakafanana nemapiston akagadzirwa e911 GT2 RS. Saka, maitiro emapistoni akadhindwa anofananidzwa neaya episton akaumbwa.
Iyo laser inonyungudutsa simbi yehupfu uye, dhizaini neyakagadzika, mapistoni anotora chimiro.
Pinda Trumpf, uyo akagadzira kugadzirwa uye kudhinda maitiro. Iyo yepamusoro-chaiyo Trumpf TruPrint 3000 3D Printer inosanganisa hupfu, layer after layer, kuburikidza nenzira inonzi LMF, kana laser metal fusion. Mukuita uku hupfu hunonyungudutswa nelaser beam ine ukobvu hwe 0.02 mm kusvika 0.1 mm, layer by layer.
Panyaya iyi panodiwa 1200 layers izvo zvinotora maawa gumi nemaviri kuti idhindwe.
Muchina wekudhinda weTrumpf unobvumira kudhinda mapistoni mashanu panguva imwe chete uye mushure mekunyatsoongorora mapistoni akadhindwa, mukubatana neZeiss, zvakasimbiswa kuti hazvina kusiyana nemapistoni akagadzirwa.
Printer yaTrumpf inogona kudhinda mapistoni mashanu panguva imwe chete.
test, test and test
Mushure mekunge vaiswa pafurati-nhanhatu ye911 GT2 RS, yave nguva yekuvayedza kunze. Neinjini yakaiswa pabhenji rokuedza, yakaedzwa mukuedzwa kwokutsungirira kwemaawa 200.
Pakati pemiyedzo yakasiyana-siyana yakaitwa, mumwe wavo akateedzera nhangemutange yemaawa makumi maviri nemana padunhu rinomhanya-mhanya: "yakafamba" ingangoita 6000 km yedaro paavhareji yekumhanya ye250 km / h, kunyange kutevedzera kumira kwekuwedzera mafuta. Imwe bvunzo yaisanganisira maawa e135 pamutoro wakakwana uye maawa makumi maviri neshanu pamitengo yakasiyana.
Mugumisiro wemuedzo wakaoma uyu? Muedzo wakapasa, nepistons dzese dzakadhindwa dzakapasa bvunzo pasina kunyoresa chero rudzi rwematambudziko.
Tichaona mapiston akadhindwa aya achirova musika?
Hongu, tichaona, asi hapana yakatarwa nguva. Tekinoroji yekudhinda ye3D yanga iripo kwemakumi mashoma emakore uye yakatoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemotokari, asi chokwadi ndechekuti yakangokwenya pamusoro pekugona kwayo.
Tichaona mapistoni akadhindwa pane ramangwana rePorsche modhi? Zvingangodaro.
Ikozvino yakajairika tekinoroji mune prototyping. Iyo inokutendera iwe kuti ugadzire chaiwo mameseji uye kunyange kuongorora akasiyana akasiyana muchikamu dhizaini nekukurumidza pasina kugadzira michina yekuagadzira, kuvhura iyo nyika yese yezvinobvira.
Porsche inotoshandisa tekinoroji iyi mune dzimwe nzvimbo zvakare, senge mumakwikwi uye emhando yepamusoro. Porsche Classic inotogadzira zvikamu makumi maviri (mupurasitiki, simbi uye mamwe masimbi alloys) emhando dzemhando yepamusoro kuburikidza ne3D kudhinda, izvo zvanga zvisisagadzirwe uye zvaisazokwanisika kugadzira zvakare.
Tichaonawo tekinoroji iyi ichishandiswa mune akakosha kana akaderera-ekugadzira modhi, kana kunyangwe maererano nesarudzo kana kugadzirisa - semuenzaniso, gore rino, chigaro chebaquet chinoshandisa 3D kudhinda chave kuwanikwa senge sarudzo ye718 uye 911 -, sezvo rudzi urwu rwekugadzira ruchizove rwehupfumi uye nehunyanzvi hunonakidza.
Iyo prototype yedhiramu bhenji uchishandisa 3D kudhinda
Porsche iri kushandawo kuita tekinoroji iyi mumhando dzepamusoro-soro, chimwe chinhu chichaitika mukufamba kwenguva. Kusvika papi? Ndizvo zvatakabvunza Frank Ickinger, uye mhinduro yake, pasina kupa chokwadi chakakwana, "angangoita makore gumi (2030)" - isu tinofanirwa kumirira, asi kugona kwe3D kudhinda pamwe nekukanganisa kwayo hazvirambike.