Injini dzedhiziri hadzina kumbotaurwa nezvazvo. Zvingave nekuda kweDieselgate, kana nekuti vamwe vagadziri vanoraira kupera kweinjini dzedhiziri, kana kuti panguva imwe chete mhando dzakadai seMercedes-Benz dzava kutanga madhizaini eDiesel, kana zvese zvichiita senge zvichipesana nezviyo - kunze kweMazda. , senguva dzose.
Ichokwadi kuti mitemo yakasimba yekudzivirira kusvibiswa yakasimbisa kubata kweinjini dzedhiziri, nevagadziri vachifanira kubatana kuti vawane, kuwedzera, kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo.
Anti-kusvibisa masisitimu - EGR vharafu, particulate mafirita uye anosarudza anobatsira kuderedza - vanga vari vanobatana zvikuru kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvinoda. Tekinoroji dzine zvipingaidzo zvadzo, kunyanya kana isu tisingazive maitiro ekuita nazvo ...
Kukanganisa kwakaomarara uye kunodhura muma anti-kusvibisa masisitimu, kunyanya muchetura sefa, ndiko kutya kukuru kana uchitenga mota yeDiesel, asi izvi zvinogona kudzivirirwa.
Chinyorwa chacho chakakura, asi zvichave zvakakosha kuti uwedzere hupenyu hwezvikamu uye zvemotokari yako yedhiziri, uye chengetedza imwe shanduko muchikwama chako, kuwedzera pakuziva imwe neimwe yehurongwa.
EGR (Exhaust Gasi Recirculation) valve
Sezvinoreva zita racho, iyo EGR valve (exhaust gas recirculation valve) - tekinoroji inotangira kuma1970s - inokonzera chikamu chemagasi emhepo anogadzirwa panguva yekupisa kuti adzokere mukamuri yekupisa kuti apise zvidimbu zvinosvibisa. .
Ndiyo imwe yenzira inobvumira kutonga kweNOx emissions (nitrogen oxides), iyo inogadzirwa muhuwandu hwakaderedzwa hwekushisa kwepamusoro uye kudzvinyirira mukati mehumburumbira.
AIHWA x ndeimwe yezvinosvibisa zvakanyanya kuhutano hwevanhu.
Iyo magasi anodzoserwa kune inopinza, iyo inopiswa zvakare mukamuri yekupisa, iyo inobvumira kutonhora mukati mekamuri kudzikiswa panguva yekupisa, nokudaro kuderedza chizvarwa cheNOx uye, panguva imwechete, kupisa NOx yakatogadzirwa uye. mumagasi mamwe chetewo emhepo.
Zvikonzero nemigumisiro
EGR valve yakaiswa pakati pekupopota kwakawanda uye kuwanda kwekutora , uye inewo zvipingamupinyi zvayo. Iyo huru ndiyo chaiyo "kudzoka" kwemagasi emhepo, zvichiita kuti muunganidzi uye dunhu rose rekutora riunganidze tsvina, iyo inogona kudzora simba rejini uye kushanda zvakanaka. Iwe unowanzo kuwana yambiro kana injini yechiedza ichiuya.
Izvi zvinogona kureva kuti EGR valve haisi kushanda pa100%.
Kana iwe ukaona kuti tembiricha yejinjini yakakwira zvishoma pane yakajairwa, zvinogona zvakare kureva tsvina yakawandisa muvharuvhu yeEGR. Chinhu chimwe chete chinoitika nekudyiwa. Hunhu hwepamusoro pasina chikonzero chiri pachena hunogona kururamiswa nekumwe kuvharirwa kweEGR.
Kusagadzikana kushanda pasina basa, uye kutadza kupindura kune yakaderera uye yepakati hutongi kungangove kumwe kutadza muEGR.
Muchiitiko chekusagadzikana, usati watsiva EGR valve, unofanira kuchenesa valve. Zviri nyore uye zvinowanzova nemhedzisiro yakanaka, mumotokari uye pachikwama chako.
Sekudzivirira, uye kunyangwe iwe usina matambudziko makuru, chenesa iyo EGR mune wongororo. Dzivisa kuedza kana injini ichiri kutonhora uye dzivirira kugara uchityaira pakaderera rpm.
Particle Sefa (FAP)
Iyo Diesel Particulate Filter yakagadzirirwa kubvisa soot particles kubva kune exhaust magasi, uye iri mune exhaust system. Iyo tekinoroji nyowani kupfuura tekinoroji yeEGR, uye yakave inosungirwa kubva muna 2010 zvichienda mberi kutevedzera zviyero zveEuro 5 zvekurwisa kusvibiswa.
Kusiyana necatalyst umo magasi anopfuura nematanho akazaruka muceramic kana metallic monoliths, izvi hazviitike mune particulate sefa. Chinangwa chemasefa aya ndechekuteya soot yobva yaibvisa nekuipisa pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Sesefa chero ipi zvayo, masisitimu aya anodawo kucheneswa nguva nenguva kuitira kuchengetedza basa rawo. Iyo nzira yekuvandudza ndeye periodic, inokonzeresa mushure mekunge soot yakaunganidzwa yasvika pane imwe nhanho. Zvinokwanisika kubvisa, panguva iyi, kusvika ku85% ye soot uye mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu anenge 100%.
Zvikonzero nemigumisiro
Nzira yekuita iyi kuvandudzwa kwesefa inosiyana zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hunoshandiswa nevagadziri vemotokari, zvisinei ivo vanogara vachitora imwe tembiricha yejini uye magesi emhepo (pakati pe650 ne1000 ° C) uye imwe nguva yenguva. Saka mashandisiro atinoita mota anotarisisa hutano uye hupenyu hurefu hwechikamu ichi.Kakawanda nzira dzemuguta (kazhinji ipfupi) kana kusawanzo shandiswa kwemota zvinoreva kuti mafirita haasvike painodziya tembiricha kuti awane kuvandudzwa uye kupisa zvimedu.
Izvi zvakaunganidzwa musefa, zvichiwedzera kumanikidzwa kwemashure mukupedza, zvichiita kuti motokari irasikirwe nekushanda uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemafuta. Kana kugadzirwa patsva kukasaitika, mwenje wepaneti yekusashanda zvakanaka inogona kuuya, ichikuzivisa iwe kuti chimwe chinhu hachina kumira zvakanaka nechikamu chesefa.
Zvinokwanisika kutanga nzira yekuvandudza kana tikatyaira kweanenge maminitsi gumi, nekumhanya pamusoro pe70 km / h, kumanikidzira injini kuti imhanye pane imwe nguva yakakwirira kudarika yakajairika.
Kusateerera yambiro, mamwe marudzi ekutadza kushanda angamuka. Motokari inogona kupinda mune yakachengeteka mode. Kana izvi zvikaitika, sarudzo inogona kutoda rwendo rwekuenda kumusangano kuti uite kuvandudzwa.
Kana kuberekwa patsva kusingachagoneki, sezvo chiyero chezvikamu musefa chakanyanya kukwirira, kutsiva kwayo kuchave kwakakosha, izvo zvinosanganisira mari yakawanda.
Hupenyu hunobatsira hwemafirita hunoenderana zvakanyanya, zvese pamota uye munzira yainotyairwa, uye inogona kubva 80 zviuru zvemakiromita, kusvika 200 zviuru zvemakiromita (kutonyanya) . Iko kutsiva kunogona kuitwa zvakare kana yaonekwa kuti haichakwanise kudzoreredza, kana nekuda kweimwe mamiriro einjini kana masensa akakuvadza zvisingagadzirisiki sefa.
Kudzivirira kuparara
Dzivisa nzendo pfupi uye kushandisa kushoma kwemota yako, pamwe nekugara uchityaira pane yakaderera revs. Shanduko kuECU uye reprogramming zvakare inogona kunge isina mhedzisiro inobatsira pane particle filter.
SCR uye AdBlue
Ichi chinowedzera - hachisi mafuta anowedzera, sezvinotaurwa nevamwe - akauya kwatiri munguva pfupi yapfuura, mu2015, uye zvakare yakasikwa kuti iwane mazinga anodiwa ekubudisa, kunyanya nitrogen oxides (NOx) munyaya yeDiesel, yatova pasi peEuro. 6 standard. Kusvika panguva iyoyo yaingoshandiswa mumotokari dzinorema.
Mhinduro inoenda kuburikidza ne SCR system - Selective Catalytic Reduction - iyo kushanda kwayo kunoitika kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweAdBlue fluid. Iyo SCR system imhando yekukonzeresa, yakaiswa mu exhaust system, iyo inopwanya magasi anobva mukutsva, kuparadzanisa nitrogen oxides (NOx) kubva kune mamwe.
AdBlue is an aqueous solution ye urea (32.5% pure urea, 67.5% demineralized water) iyo inopindwa mumhepo inopera, zvichiita kuti kemikemike iite kana ikasangana nemagasi. , kupatsanura NOx kubva kumagasi akasara uye kuashandura, kuashandura kuva magasi asingakuvadzi - mhute yemvura uye nitrogen.
Mhinduro yacho haina chepfu, asi inoparadza zvakanyanya, ndosaka kuwedzera refueling kuchiwanzoitwa mumusangano, uye vagadziri vanogadzira sisitimu kuitira kuti tangi yekuzvimiririra ikwane kuvhara makiromita pakati pekugadzirisa.
Iyo sisitimu yakazvimirira zvachose uye haikanganise kupisa mukati meinjini, inokwanisa kubvisa kusvika ku80% yenitrogen oxide emissions, pasina kukanganisa kushanda uye kushandiswa.
Zvikonzero nemigumisiro
Zvikanganiso zvinozivikanwa muhurongwa uhu hazviwanzo, zvisinei, semafirita, matambudziko akafanana anogona kuitika, senge kuganhurwa kwesimba uye kunyangwe kusakwanisa kutanga mota. Izvi zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwekushayikwa kweAdBlue "yekuwedzera", iyo inotoita kuti motokari iite immobilize, kana imwe mhando yeanomaly muhurongwa, uye iyo iri kuita kuti SCR system process igoneke.
Ona kurudziro yekushanda kwakanaka kweAdBlue system mune ino gallery:
Muchiitiko ichi, nzira dzemuguta uye kushandiswa zvishoma kwemotokari kunongotungamirira kukushandiswa kwepamusoro kweAdBlue, nekuda kwemamiriro asina kunaka. Haasi ese emotokari anoshandisa iyi system ane AdBlue level chiratidzo, asi ese akagadzirira kuzivisa mutyairi kana AdBlue level yakaderera, panguva iyo zvichiri kugona kufamba zviuru zvishoma zvemakiromita kuzadza.
AdBlue matangi madiki, sezvo kunwiwa kungangoita marita maviri pamakiromita chiuru, uye mutengo werita imwe neimwe ingangoita euro.
Pano, kudzivirira kunoitwa kungongwarira kuti usarega AdBlue mvura ichipera. Makiromita akanaka!