Ndiyo yekutanga zvigaro zvina zverudzi rweSweden, uye ingangove inokurumidza zvigaro zvina papasi nekuzivisa kumhanya kwepamusoro kwe400 km/h. Izvi chete zvaizopa Koenigsegg Gemera nzvimbo huru munyika yemotokari, asi Gemera yakawanda kupfuura nhamba, uye kana tichiziva zvakawanda pamusoro payo, zvinonyanya kushamisa.
Kupfupisa nekurangarira, iyo Gemera i1700hp, 3500Nm plug-in hybrid monster (yakanyanya kukosha yakasanganiswa) - ine matatu emagetsi injini uye imwe injini yekupisa - uye ndiyo yekutanga Koenigsegg kuve nemavhiri mana-mavhiri pamwe nemavhiri mana anodhiraivha - ane 3.0 m wheelbase, zvinoita sekunge rubatsiro runogamuchirwa. ...
Asi kuti tizviratidze seizvi zvakanyanya kuderedza, saka takasarudza kushanyirazve Koenigsegg Gemera, zvichida chisikwa chinonakidza zvikuru chegore (kusvika pari zvino), panguva ino nekunyatsotarisisa cheni yayo yebhaisikopo, uye pamusoro pezvose, izvo. diki asi hombe matatu-cylinder.
TFG, hofori diki
Pasina kupokana, chinonyanya kukosha muKoenigsegg Gemera's powertrain ndiyo yakasarudzika injini yekupisa, inodaidzwa zvinoshamisa. Tiny Friendly Giant (TFG) kana kuturikira, The Friendly Little Giant.
Zita nekuda kwekukwanisa kwayo kuita 2.0 l nemasilinda matatu mumutsara - mumakore makumi maviri nematanhatu ekurarama, Koenigsegg yakangotipa V8 injini, parizvino ine 5.0 l kugona - asi inokwanisa kudhibhita "vanhu vakuru" nhamba, sezvakaratidzwa ne 600 hp uye 600 Nm inoshambadza, nhamba dzatinonyanya kuona mumainjini… V8.
Nyorera kune tsamba yedu
Aya masimba uye torque kukosha anodudzira mune yakakwira chaiyo kunyatsoshanda kwe 300 hp/l uye 300 Nm/l - rekodhi mumainjini ekugadzira - uyezve, iyo TFG inokwanisa kusangana nemazuva ano anoda emission standard. Unozviwana sei?
Chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru ndechekuti iyi ndiyo yekutanga-injini yekurova hapana camshaft . Izvi zvinoreva kuti, pachinzvimbo chekuvhura nekuvhara kwemavharuvhu ekupinza / ekupera simba achidzorwa nemuchina - chikonzero chekuvapo kwebhandi renguva kana cheni, iyo inobatanidza crankshaft kune camshafts - ikozvino inodzorwa yakazvimirira. kuburikidza nepneumatic actuators iyo inovhura huwandu hukuru hwemikana.
Takatotarisa munyaya iyi kare, uye hazvishamise kuti Koenigsegg ndiye akatanga kuburitsa hurongwa uhu, nekuti... Freevalve:
Nekuda kwemhinduro iyi, Koenigsegg inofungidzira kuti 2.0 l three-cylinder inoshandisa mafuta ari pakati pe15-20% pasi peinjini yefour-cylinder yakaenzana, ine jekiseni rakananga uye nenguva yakasiyana.
Iko kuchinjika kweFreevalve kwakadaro zvekuti inobvumira iyo TFG kuti imhanye paOtto cycle kana iyo Miller inoshanda zvakanyanya, zvichienderana nemamiriro. Inoshandawo mukuderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo, inodaro mhando, kunyanya mumasekonzi ekutanga uye akakosha masekonzi makumi maviri mushure mekutanga kutonhora, nguva iyo injini dzinopisa dzinosvibisa zvakanyanya.
Hazvisi zvese zvine mutsindo, sezvo sisitimu iyi inodhura uye yakaoma - kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvakave zvinogoneka kudzora mumwe nemumwe nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemugadziriso wekuvhura / kuvhara mavharuvhu, zvekuti Koenigsegg aitofanira kushandisa masevhisi eSparkCognition, inyanzvi yeAmerica mu… artificial intelligence . Ndiyo AI iyi inogara ichivimbisa optimal calibration zvinoenderana nemamiriro uye mamiriro.
Sequential Turbos… à la Koenigsegg
Asi iyo TFG, idiki muhukuru - uye huremu, ichiuya ichidzika kwazvo 70 kg - asi hofori mugoho, ine zvimwe… zvisingawanzo maitiro.
Chekutanga, inosanganisa yakakwira yuniti inokwana (660 cm3) ine yakanaka kwazvo yekutenderera kugona - yakanyanya simba pa7500 rpm uye limiter pa8500 rpm - uyezve, iri injini yakachajiwa iyo, kazhinji, isingapihwe zvakanyanya kune idzi hurumende. .
Uye kunyangwe mundima iyi, iyo yekuchajisa, Koenigsegg aifanira kuita zvinhu nenzira yake. Iyo TFG ine, inodaro mhando, maviri akateedzana turbos, asi mabatiro avanoita haana chekuita nehurongwa hwatinotoziva.
Nekumisikidza, injini ine sequentially inomhanya turbos zvinoreva kuva (angangoita) maviri turbos, imwe idiki uye imwe hombe. Iyo diki, ine inertia yakaderera, inotanga kushanda muhurumende dzepasi, neiyo turbo hombe ichingotanga muhurumende dzepakati - munhevedzano… Mugumisiro? Goho repamusoro, sezvingatarisirwa kubva kune injini ine turbo yakakura, asi pasina kutambura kunoenderana ne-turbo-lag ills, kuve zvakanyanya kufambira mberi.
Iyo inoteedzana turbo system paKoenigsegg Gemera's TFG inosiyana sei? Chekutanga, maturbos maviri aya ... akaenzana saizi, asi sezvatinoona mune mamwe masisitimu, maturbo anouya pakushanda panguva dzakasiyana. Iyo ndiyo inonyanya kunakidza chikamu uye inogoneka chete nekuda kweFreevalve system.
Saka, "zvakanyanya nyore", imwe neimwe turbo yakabatana nemavharuvhu matatu emhepo (ezvitanhatu aripo akazara), imwe yega yega silinda, ndiko kuti, turbo imwe neimwe inodyiswa nemagasi ekupedza evhavha matatu anoenderana.
Pa low revs imwe chete yeturbos inoshanda. Iyo Freevalve system inongovhura mavharuvhu matatu ekupera akabatana neiyo turbo, ichichengeta matatu asara (ayo akabatana kune yechipiri turbo) akavharwa. Nokudaro, magasi ose anopedza simba anogona kungobuda nepakati peimwe yevhavhavha yevhavha yega yega, iyo inotungamirirwa kune imwe turbine, kureva, "kupeta kaviri magasi eiyo turbine".
Chete kana paine kumanikidzwa kwakakwana ndipo iyo Freevalve system inovhura matatu asara mavharuvhu emhepo (zvakare, imwe pacylinder), zvichiita kuti yechipiri turbo itange kushanda.
Pakupedzisira, tasara nenhamba: kwete chete 600 hp yesimba asiwo 600 Nm ye torque yepamusoro inowanikwa pakati pepasi 2000 rpm uye… 7000 rpm, ine 400 Nm inowanikwa kubva ku1700 rpm.
Ngatisiyei pasi kuna Jason Fenske weEngineered Explained, kuti atsanangure kuti zvese zvinoshanda sei paKoenigsegg Gemera's Tiny Friendly Giant (Chirungu chete):
nyika yakananga pasi
Kwete, tine rombo rakanaka kuti hatisati tasiya zvinoshamisa uye zvinonakidza Koenigsegg universe uko zvese zvinoita kunge… zvakasiyana. Iyo TFG ingori chikamu chimwe chese cheKoenigsegg Gemera cinematic cheni uye kuona panopinda hofori mu "grand scheme yezvinhu", tarisa pamufananidzo uri pazasi:
Sezvatinoona, injini dzose (magetsi uye kupisa) dziri shure, uye kusvika ikozvino, zvinhu zvose zvakajairika. Asi kana ukanyatsotarisisa, mavhiri maviri ekumashure, ane mota yemagetsi rimwe nerimwe (500 hp uye 1000 Nm) - uye rimwe nerimwe rine gearbox raro - harisisina chinongedzo kune injini yekupisa (munzvimbo yakareba) uye kumagetsi. mota (400 hp uye 500 Nm) "yakanamatira" kune crankshaft yayo.
Mune mamwe mazwi, iyo TFG nemagetsi ayo "lapa" anongomhanyisa ekisero yekumberi - pane chero rekodhi yekuve nechimwe chinhu chakadai kare? Tine mota dzine injini yekumberi ine rear drive axle, uye mota dzine injini iri pakati pechinzvimbo, kumashure kana kumashure ine maekisero maviri ekutyaira, asi gadziriso iyi inoita seisina kumboitika kwandiri: yepakati peinjini yekumashure inongofambisa mota yekumberi.
Iyo Koenigsegg Gemera ine ina injini yekuityaira, matatu emagetsi uye yemukati yekupisa TFG. Kurumidza kuverenga, kana tikawedzera masimba avo tinowana 2000 hp, asi Koenigsegg inozivisa "chete" 1700 hp. Chikonzero cheizvi? Sezvatakatsanangura pazviitiko zvakasiyana, musiyano wesimba uyu unokonzerwa nepamusoro pesimba repamusoro rinowanikwa pakukwirira kwakasiyana neimwe yeinjini:
Transmission… zvakananga
Iyo Koenigsegg Gemera, sezvatakatoona muRegera, iyo mhando yekutanga hybrid, zvakare haina giya bhokisi. Kutumira kwakananga (Koenigsegg Direct Drive), mune mamwe mazwi, pane hukama humwe chete hwekutora Gemera kubva ku0 km / h kusvika ku400 km / h (kumhanya kwayo kukuru).
Iyo sisitimu inoshanda zvakangofanana neiyo yeRegera, asi paGemera isu tine maviri ekutyaira axles. Iyo TFG uye yakabatana nayo mota yemagetsi inotamisa torque kumavhiri epamberi kuburikidza nedhiraivha shaft yakabatana kune torque inoshandura (inonzi HydraCoup), iyo inozobatana kune yekumberi musiyano.
Musiyano wepamberi zvakare une maclutch maviri akasungirirwa, imwe parutivi rumwe. Aya maclutches anovimbisa iyo Gemera yekumberi axle torque vectoring - chinhu chiripowo kumashure, sezvo mavhiri ekumashure achifambiswa akazvimirira.
Magiya mabhokisi emagetsi maviri emagetsi akabatanidzwa kumavhiri ekumashure, senge mutsauko wepamberi, ane reshiyo yakakwira zvakanyanya, zvichiteerana, 3.3: 1 uye 2.7: 1 - yakaenzana neyechitatu-4th giya mumotokari yakajairika. Mune mamwe mazwi, zvakawanda zvinobvunzwa nezvehukama hwakasiyana hwese seti mbiri dzeinjini: kuti inovimbisa ballistic accelerations (chete 1.9s kubva 0 kusvika 100 km / h), pamwe neiyo stratospheric yakanyanya kumhanya (400 km / h).
Mhinduro chete yekubatanidza izvo zviviri zvinopikisa zvinodiwa (kumhanyisa uye kumhanya), pasina bhokisi regiya rine mareshiyo akawanda, raingogoneka nemaindasitiri e torque: iyo Koenigsegg Gemera inogadzira 3500 Nm isati yasvika 2000 rpm (!) - iyo inoturikira ku11 000 Nm pamavhiri.
Kuti usvike panhamba hombe iyi, iyo yambotaurwa torque inoshandura, kana HydraCoup, iyo yakabatana neaxle yekumberi, inopinda mukutamba. Kunyangwe iyo 1100 Nm yakagadzirwa pamwe chete neTFG uye mota yemagetsi yakanamatira pairi, yaingove isina kukwana.
Chii chaanoita? Zvese zviri muzita: bhinari inoshandura (iyo imwe mhinduro inoshandiswa mumashini otomatiki ekutengesa). Iyo HydraCoup inokwanisa "kushandura" iyo 1100 Nm nekuita kaviri kusvika 3000 rpm, nekuda kwekumhanya mutsauko uripo pakati peimpeller (yakabatana kune transmission shaft) uye turbine (yakabatana kune yekumberi musiyano), iyo iri chikamu che zvikamu zveHydraCoup.
Kuti unzwisise kuti HydraCoup inoshanda sei, tarisa The Drive's movie paYouTube, apo Christian von Koenigsegg pachake anotsanangura kuti inoshanda sei (panguva yekuratidzwa kweRegera, iyo inoshandisawo iyi system)
Mhedzisiro yacho ndiyo inoonekwa mune data rakatoburitswa nemugadziri weSweden. Koenigsegg akaburitsa girafu, kwatinogona kuona simba uye torque mitsara yeinjini ina uye pesvedzero yeHydraCoup pakukurisa kweTFG uye nhamba dzemotokari dzemagetsi dzakabatana - mugirafu ndiyo mitsetse ine madoti.
Ziva zvakare kuti, nekuve nehukama humwe chete, tinogona kuona hukama hwakananga pakati pekumhanya kweinjini nekumhanya kunowanikwa. Kungodarika 8000 rpm iyo Gemera inosvika payakashambadzirwa 400 km/h - zvakaita sekubva pa0 kuenda pa400 nekufema kumwe…
Autonomy: 1000 km
Chekupedzisira, sezvo iyi iri plug-in hybrid, inonakidza zvakakwana, inofanirwa kunge iri iyo yakajairika chikamu cheKoenigsegg Gemera's cinematic cheni. Hakasi kekutanga kuona supercars inokwanisa kufamba makiromita gumi nemaviri mune yemagetsi modhi - "hutatu hutsvene" hwakazviita makore mashoma apfuura, uye nhasi tine Honda NSX uye Ferrari SF90 Stradale anoitawo, semuenzaniso. .
Mugadziri weSweden anozivisa 50 km yemagetsi emhando yeGemera, neruremekedzo rwe15 kWh bhatiri, yakaenzana ne800 V yePorsche Taycan. Zvinoshamisa zvinova kukosha kwekuzvitonga kuzere: 1000 km yekunyanya kuzvitonga yeiyi Mega-GT (sekudanwa kwayo) yezvigaro zvina. Mune mamwe mazwi, kukosha kunotaridza sarudzo yeinjini hombe yekupisa uye tekinoroji yainayo.
Koenigsegg Gemera haisiriyo chete mhando yekutanga yemhando ine zvigaro zvina uye mavhiri mana ekutyaira - uye masere emukombe, nyaya yerimwe zuva… Kunyangwe nemutengo unotarisirwa weinopfuura 1.5 miriyoni euros kune yega yega ye300 mauniti, hazvinga shamisike kuti vese vanokurumidza kuwana muridzi.
Kwete chete yemusanganiswa wekuita nekuwedzera usability, zvichienzaniswa nemamwe ma supercars, asiwo kune tekinoroji kugona kwairi.
Kunobva: Jalopnik, Injiniya Inotsanangurwa.
Chikwata cheRazão Automóvel chicharamba chiri pamhepo, maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, panguva yekubuda kweCCIDID-19. Tevedzera kurudziro yeGeneral Directorate yehutano, dzivirira kufamba kusingakoshi. Pamwe chete tichakwanisa kukunda chikamu chakaoma ichi.