kuwana maviri sitiroko injini mumotokari tinofanira kudzokera kure kure nenguva - mumwe wemienzaniso inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye diki mbiri- uye nhatu-cylinder DKW. Mazuva ano imhando yeinjini iyo inonyanya kuganhurirwa kune midhudhudhu diki, lawn mowers, mabhoti madiki, nezvimwe.
Kune zvakare mahombe maviri emukati anopisa injini, kutaura zvazviri, imwe yeinjini hombe, kana isiri iyo hombe yemukati inopisa injini munyika ine mbiri-stroke injini: iyo Wärtsilä-Sulzer 14RT-flex96C.
Pakanga pachine kuyedza kumuka mu90s, uye akati wandei prototypes akaunzwa munzira iyi, semuenzaniso, neFord neBMW, asi ivo vaizosiiwa nekuda kwechikonzero chimwe chete: kuburitsa.
2-stroke injini.
shamhu mbiri shamhu ina
Injini mbiri-stroke dzinodanwa kudaro, sezvadzinoita kupisa kwehumburumbira inozadzwa nemhepo mune imwe shanduko, kusiyana nemainjini mana-marokero (zvakajairika nhasi), izvo zvinoda marevolutions maviri kuti aite kudaro.Nyorera kune tsamba yedu
Vane mabhenefiti akati wandei pamusoro pemajini mana: ari nyore uye akareruka, ari nyore kuchengetedza, anowana simba rakawanda kune mana-maroke injini yehuwandu hwakaenzana, uye anogona kushanda chero chinzvimbo sezvo pasina hanya nezve. kuyerera kwemafuta (Kuzora kunoitwa nekusanganisa mafuta nemafuta uye havana mavharuvhu).
Asi sezvatakataura, kuburitsa kwavo nderimwe rematambudziko avo makuru. . Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushanda kwayo apo, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, injini inogadziriswa nekuvhenganisa mafuta pachayo nemafuta, kururamisa maitiro e-bluish-toned magasi anodzingwa kubva pakubuda, kunze kwekuti mafuta haanawo kupiswa zvakanaka.
Kudzoka?
Injini dzine mastroke maviri dzakaita sedzaparara, kunyange pamamopedhi, asi mumakore achangopfuura takaona kumukazve kweidzi, kunyanya pamavhiri maviri. Zvigadzirwa zvakaita seKTM zvave kumberi kwekushanduka-shanduka kweinjini, kuunza matekinoroji akadai sejekiseni remafuta.
Aya magadzirirwo, pakati pezvimwe, ari kukonzera kuti injini dzemainjini maviri dzidzoke uye kutopfuura mainjini ane mana-marokero mumhepo uye kunyangwe kushanda zvakanaka, saka kune kutariswa patsva pamhando idzi dzeinjini… kunyangwe muFormula 1.
Ndozvatinotora kubva mumashoko aPat Symonds, Formula 1 technical director, pamusangano wesimba paMotorsport Industrial Association.
Sekureva kwake, pamwe nzira yakanakisa yeramangwana reFormula 1 powertrains inogona kurara mumainjini maviri-anorova (chiyero chiri kutariswa sechikamu chepamusoro cheMoto GP zvakare) - shanduko, kana zvese zvikafamba sezvakarongwa. kutanga kwa2025:
Zvakawanda zvakanyanya, ruzha rukuru runobva mukuneta, uye mazhinji ematambudziko ane mbiri dzekare haachina basa nhasi. Direct jekiseni, supercharging uye matsva ekubatidza masisitimu ari kugonesa mafomu matsva emainjini maviri-marokesheni kuti ashande zvakanyanya uye ane hushamwari hwekuburitsa. Ndinofunga kuti pachava neramangwana rakanaka kwavari.
Asi isu tese hatifanire kunge tichifunga nezvemagetsi?
Formula E, inoumbwa ne100% yemagetsi-seat-seat, yatora kutarisisa kwese, ichipa muono wekuti ramangwana remota dzakachena uye dzinoshanda zvingave chii.
Pat Symonds anotenda kuti, uchichengetedza bheji painjini dzinopisa (mazuva ano dzakaiswa magetsi zvishoma), mumwaka unotevera Formula 1 ichaonekwa (yakawanda) "girinhi" nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemafuta ekugadzira - yakatokurukurwa muMota Yechikonzero - inosanganisa. carbon dioxide (CO2) inotorwa kubva mumhepo nehydrogen.
Remangwana reFormula 1 rinogona kuve, nekudaro, iine injini dzinorova-maviri, Symonds ichitaurawo mukana wekuve nemainjini ane mapistoni akatarisana (kusiyana nemasilinda akatarisana) - nekugona kunosvika makumi mashanu%. Kubva pamaonero ake, injini yekupisa yemukati ichine remangwana refu pamberi:
Hapana chakaipa nemagetsi emagetsi, asi pane zvikonzero nei ivo vasiri mhinduro kune wese. Iyo injini yekupisa yemukati ine remangwana refu. Ramangwana rakareba kupfuura vazhinji vezvematongerwo enyika vanofungidzira, nekuti vezvematongerwo enyika vari kubheja zvese pamotokari dzemagetsi. Ndinofunga kuti pane mukana wakasimba zvikuru kuti pachava nejini inopisa mukati. Asi pamwe inoshanda pahydrogen.