Toyota, iyo yakanga iri pamberi mukushanduka uye shanduko yemotokari kuenda kune imwe nharaunda uye yakagadzikana paradigm - maive muna 1997 apo Toyota Prius yakatanga kushambadzira kwayo, yekutanga nhevedzano-yakagadzirwa hybrid -, yave zvakare "kupeta." maoko”.
Danho repasi rose rinoshanda nerudzi rweJapan riri kukurumidza kushanduka uye matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza atinotarisana nawo anofanira kusangana - kudziya kwepasi rose, kusvibiswa kwemhepo uye zviwanikwa zvishoma.
Hybrid tekinoroji chete hairatidzike seyakakwana, kunyangwe kukanganisa kwenhamba yepamusoro yemotokari dzakasanganiswa dzakagadzirwa kubva 1997 - dzinopfuura mamirioni gumi nemaviri, zvinoenderana nekuderedzwa kwe90 mamirioni ematani eCO2 akabudiswa. Nhamba inotarisirwa kukura zvakanyanya mumakore anotevera, nekuwedzera kwehunyanzvi kune mamwe mamodheru - chinangwa chekutengesa 1.5 miriyoni emagetsi mota pagore muna 2020 yakasvikwa kare muna 2017, saka kudiwa hakutarisirwe kuderera.
Ko Toyota ichakurumidzisa sei kuiswa kwemagetsi emhando dzayo?
Toyota Hybrid System II (THS II)
Iyo THS II inoramba iri nhevedzano / parallel hybrid system, nemamwe mazwi, ese ari maviri injini yekupisa uye injini yemagetsi zvinoshandiswa kufambisa mota, neinjini yekupisa ichikwanisa kushanda sejenareta remagetsi pakushanda kweiyo. mota yemagetsi. Injini dzinogona kumhanya zvakasiyana kana pamwe chete, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, nguva dzose uchitsvaga kushanda kwakanyanya.
Urongwa uhwu hwakatodhirowa makore gumi anotevera (2020-2030) uye chinangwa chakajeka. Pakazosvika 2030 Toyota ine chinangwa chekutengesa motokari dzinopfuura 5.5 mamiriyoni emagetsi pagore, iyo miriyoni imwe ichave 100% yemagetsi emagetsi - angave ane bhatiri kana mafuta emafuta.
Urongwa uhwu hwakavakirwa pakukurumidza kukurumidza mukuvandudza uye kutangwa kwedzimwe mota dzakasanganiswa (HEV, hybrid yemagetsi mota), plug-in hybrid mota (PHEV, plug-in hybrid yemagetsi mota), bhatiri mota dzemagetsi (BEV, bhatiri yemagetsi mota. ) uye mafuta emotokari emagetsi emagetsi (FCEV, mafuta emotokari yemagetsi).
Nekudaro, muna 2025, ese mamodheru mumhando yeToyota (kusanganisira Lexus) achave nemagetsi akasiyana kana modhi ine magetsi ekupa chete, ichidzikisa kusvika zero mamodheru akagadzirwa pasina kutora magetsi.
Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekutangwa kwe10 100% yemhando dzemagetsi mumakore anotevera, kutanga kuChina neshanduro yemagetsi yeC-HR yakakurumbira muna 2020. Gare gare 100% yemagetsi eToyota ichaiswa zvishoma nezvishoma muJapan, India, States United of America. , uye zvechokwadi, muEurope.
Kana tichitaura nezvemagetsi, tinobva tabatanidza mabhatiri, asi paToyota zvinoreva zvakare fuel cell . Muna 2014 Toyota yakatanga Mirai, yekutanga mafuta cell saloon yakagadzirwa munhevedzano, uye parizvino iri kutengeswa muJapan, USA neEurope. Sezvo isu tichipinda mumakore gumi anotevera, huwandu hwemafuta emagetsi emagetsi emotokari huchawedzerwa kwete chete kune dzakawanda mota dzevatakuri asiwo kumotokari dzekutengesa.
Yakasimbiswa bheti yakasanganiswa
Kubheja pamahybrids ndiko kuenderera mberi nekusimbisa. Maiva muna 1997 apo takasangana nemhando yekutanga-yakagadzirwa yakasanganiswa, Toyota Prius, asi nhasi mahybrid range kubva kuYaris diki kusvika kune yakakura RAV4.
Iyo Toyota Hybrid System II, yatovepo mune yazvino Prius uye C-HR, ichawedzerwa kune mitsva mamodheru ari pedyo nekurova musika, seyakadzoserwa (uye nyowani) Corolla. Asi iyo inozivikanwa 122 hp 1.8 HEV ichabatanidzwa neyakasanganiswa ine simba zvakanyanya. Zvichava kuToyota Corolla itsva kutanga iyo itsva 2.0 HEV, ine juicier 180 hp.
Iyi nyowani nyowani yehybrid inovaka pane kusimba kweyechina chizvarwa hybrid system, senge yakaratidza kushanda kwemafuta, uye mhinduro yakagadziridzwa uye mutsara, asi inowedzera. simba rakawanda, kukurumidza uye mafungiro ane simba. Sekureva kweToyota, ichi chirevo chakasarudzika, pasina imwe injini yakajairwa inokwanisa kupa musanganiswa wakafanana wekuita uye kuburitsa kwakaderera.
Iyo 2.0 Dynamic Force combustion injini, zvisinei nekuzvipira kwakajeka pakuita basa, haina kukanganwa kushanda zvakanaka, ine yakakwirira compression reshiyo ye14: 1, uye inosvika pabenchmark 40% kupisa kwekushanda, kana 41% kana yasanganiswa neiyo hybrid system, nekuda kuderedzwa kwekurasikirwa kwesimba kwakabatana neiyo exhaust uye kutonhora system. Injini iyi inosangana nemirairo yezvino uye yeramangwana yekuburitsa.
Chikumbiro chitsva ichi chichatanga neToyota Corolla, asi chichasvika kune mamwe marudzi, seC-HR.
Sezvatinopinda mumakore gumi anotevera, kuwedzera kweiyo hybrid tekinoroji kune mamwe mamodheru kuchaenderera mberi, zvese neiyi 2.0 nyowani, uye kune rimwe divi reiyo spectrum, tichaona kuunzwa kweiyo yakapusa hybrid system, kuvhara marudzi ese e. vatengi.
Izvi zvinotsigirwa ne