Gore rega rega bp inoburitsa chirevo chinoongorora mamiriro emisika yemagetsi, iyo “ bp Statistical Ongororo yeWorld Energy “. Sezvingatarisirwa, izvo zvave kuburitswa zvegore ra2020 zvinoratidza "kukanganisa kwakakura kwakaita denda repasi rose pamisika yemagetsi".
Kunyanya kushandiswa kwesimba uye kuburitsa kabhoni kubva mukushandiswa kwesimba kwakanyora kuderera kwakanyanya kubvira Hondo Yenyika II (1939-1945).
Simba rinovandudzwa, kune rumwe rutivi, rakapfuurira nzira yavo yekukura kwakasimba, nekusimbisa kumhepo uye simba rezuva, iro raive nekukura kwavo kwegore negore.
Mamiriro makuru enyika
Muna 2020, kushandiswa kwesimba kwekutanga kwakadzikira 4.5% - kudonha kukuru kubva 1945 (gore rakapera Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri). Kudzikira uku kwainyanya kufambiswa nemafuta, ayo akaverengera zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzvina zvekuderera kwemambure.
Mitengo yegasi yemasikirwo yadonha kusvika kune yakaderera-makore akawanda; zvisinei, chikamu chegasi musimba rekutanga chakaramba chichiwedzera, kusvika kune rekodhi yepamusoro ye24,7%.
Mhepo, solar uye hydroelectric kugadzirwa kwakanyoreswa kuwedzera, kunyangwe kuderera kwesimba repasi rose. Mhepo uye simba rezuva rakawedzera kusvika pa238 GW muna 2020 - inodarika makumi mashanu muzana yeimwe nguva munhoroondo.
Nenyika, United States of America, India neRussia zvakapupurira kudonha kukuru kwekushandiswa kwesimba munhoroondo. China yakanyora kukura kwayo kwakanyanya (2.1%), imwe yenyika shoma uko kudiwa kwesimba kwakawedzera gore rapfuura.
Kuburitswa kweCarbon kubva mukushandiswa kwesimba kwakadzikira 6% muna 2020, kudonha kukuru kubva muna 1945.
Spencer Dale, Chief Economist ku bp"Kune chirevo ichi - sekune vazhinji vedu - 2020 ichacherechedzwa serimwe remakore anoshamisa uye akaomarara. Kuvharirwa kwaenderera mberi pasirese kwakakanganisa zvikuru misika yemagetsi, kunyanya emafuta, ayo ane chekuita nekufambisa akatsikirirwa. "
"Chirikukurudzira ndechekuti gore ra2020 raive zvakare gore rekuti renewables rimire mukugadzirwa kwesimba repasi rose, richirekodha kukurumidza kukuru kwakamboitika - zvichikonzerwa nemutengo une chekuita nekugadzira simba kubva mumarasha. Aya maitiro ndizvo chaizvo izvo nyika inoda kutarisana neshanduko yayo yekusarerekera kabhoni - kukura kwakasimba uku kunopa nzvimbo yakawanda kune anovandudza zvichienzaniswa nemarasha "
MuEurope
Nyika yeEurope inoratidzawo kukanganiswa kwedenda pakushandiswa kwesimba - mashandisirwo emagetsi ekutanga akadonha ne8.5% muna 2020, kusvika padanho rakaderera kubva muna 1984. inoratidza kukosha kwayo kwakaderera kubvira 1965.Pakupedzisira, kushandiswa kwemafuta uye gasi kwakawirawo, pamwe nemadonhwe e, maererano, 14% uye 3%, asi donho guru rakanyoreswa pamwero wemarasha (akadonha ne19%), ane chikamu chakawira ku11%, pasi. kekutanga kune renewables, inova 13%.
70 makore ebp Statistical Ongororo yeWorld Energy
Yakatanga kuburitswa muna 1952, iyo Statistical Ongororo rondedzero yanga iri sosi yechinangwa, ruzivo rwakakwana uye ongororo inobatsira maindasitiri, hurumende nevaongorori kunzwisisa zviri nani uye kududzira zviri kuitika mumisika yemagetsi epasi rose. Nekufamba kwenguva, yakapa ruzivo pamusoro pezviitiko zvinoshamisa munhoroondo yeWorld Power System, kusanganisira Suez Canal dambudziko ra1956, Dambudziko reOiri ra1973, shanduko yeIran ya1979, uye njodzi yeFukushima ya2011.
Zvimwe zvakakosha
PETROLEUM:
- Avhareji mutengo wemafuta (Brent) yaive $41.84 padhiramu muna 2020 - yakaderera kubva 2004.
- Pasi rose kudiwa kwemafuta kwakaderera ne9.3%, nekudonha kukuru kwakanyorwa muUnited States of America (-2.3 mamiriyoni b / d), Europe (-1.5 mamiriyoni b / d) neIndia (-480 000 b / d). China ndiyo yaitove iyo chete nyika uko kushandiswa kwakakura (+220,000 b/d).
- Refineries yakanyoresawo kudonha kwe8.3 muzana, yakamira pa73.9%, iyo yakaderera kubva 1985.
NATURAL GASI:
- Mitengo yegasi yechisikigo yakanyoreswa kudonha kwemakore akawanda: mutengo wepakati weNorth America Henry Hub waive $1.99/mmBtu muna 2020 - wakaderera kubva 1995 - nepo mitengo yegasi rechisikigo muAsia (Japan Korea Marker) yakanyoresa mwero yakaderera, ichisvika rekodhi yayo. yakaderera ($4.39/mmBtu).
- Nekudaro, chikamu chegasi rechisikigo sesimba rekutanga rakaramba richikwira, richisvika rekodhi yepamusoro ye24.7%.
- Kupihwa kwegasi rechisikigo kwakakura 4 bcm kana 0.6%, pasi peavhareji yekukura yakanyorwa mumakore gumi apfuura, ye6.8%. Kupihwa kwegasi rechisikigo muUS kwakawedzera 14 bcm (29%), zvishoma zvakaderedzwa nekudzikira kunoonekwa mumatunhu mazhinji, akadai seEurope neAfrica.
Marasha:
- Kushandiswa kwemarasha kwakadonha ne6.2 ex joules (EJ), kana kuti 4.2%, inosundwa nekubatsira kudonha muUS (-2.1 EJ) neIndia (-1.1 EJ). Kushandiswa kwemarasha muOECD kwasvika padanho rakaderera munhoroondo, maererano neruzivo rwakaunganidzwa nebp kubvira 1965.
- China neMalaysia dzaive dzakasiiwa dzakasarudzika sezvo vakanyora kuwedzera kwemarasha e0.5 EJ uye 0.2 EJ, zvichiteerana.
ZVINOTSVADZWA, MVURA NENUCLEAR:
- Simba rinodzokororwa (kusanganisira biofuels, asi kusasanganisa hydro) yakakura ne9.7%, zvishoma nezvishoma pane avhareji yekukura kwemakore gumi apfuura (13.4% pagore), asi nekukura kwakakwana kwesimba remagetsi (2.9 EJ), inofananidzwa ne kukura kwakaonekwa muna 2017, 2018 uye 2019.
- Magetsi ezuva akakura kuita 1.3 EJ (20%). Nekudaro, mhepo (1.5 EJ) yakabatsira zvakanyanya mukukura kwezvinovandudzwa.
- Simba rekugadzira simba reSolar rakawedzera ne127 GW, ukuwo simba remhepo richikura ne111 GW - rinenge rakapetwa kaviri kukura kwekukura kwakamborekodhwa.
- China ndiyo yaive nyika yakabatsira zvakanyanya mukukura kwezvinogonekazve (1.0 EJ), ichiteverwa neUSA (0.4 EJ). Sedunhu, Europe ndiyo yakanyanya kubatsira mukukura kwechikamu ichi, iine 0.7 EJ.
ELECTRICITY:
- Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwakadonha ne 0.9% - kudonha kwakanyanya kupfuura iyo yakanyorwa muna 2009 (-0.5%), iyo chete gore, maererano bp's data rekodhi (kutanga muna 1985), iyo yakaona kuderera kwekudiwa kwemagetsi.
- Mugove wezvinovandudzwa mukugadzirwa kwesimba wakakwira kubva pa10.3% kusvika 11.7%, ukuwo marasha akadonha 1.3 percent kusvika 35.1% - kumwe kuderera kwebp zvinyorwa.