"Inokuba ndiyibonile into engalunganga... Ixabisa malini?" Kumele kube yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokufunyanwa nguwe kwiimvavanyo ezininzi esizipapashe apha kunye nakwijelo lethu likaYouTube. Ewe yinyani, iimoto ziyabiza.
Ukuba ixabiso eliphezulu leemodeli ezithile alisamangalisi nakubani na, njengabo bavela kwiimpawu zeprimiyamu - nangona nathi, ngamanye amaxesha simangaliswa ngexabiso elipheleleyo leenketho abaziphetheyo - kwezinye iimodeli, ngakumbi ukusuka kumacandelo asezantsi. kwaye ngaphandle kwamabhongo "enkqubela phambili yentlalontle", ibali lahlukile.
Ukuze ube nokufikelela kumhlali wesixeko oxhotyiswe ngokufanelekileyo, i-euro eyi-15,000 sele iqala ukuba mfutshane. Umsebenzi ofanayo woncedo? I-euro ezingama-20 okanye isondele kakhulu kuloo nto kwaye mhlawumbi sithintelwe kweyona njini ifikelelekayo, ayisoloko iyiyona ilunge kakhulu kusetyenziso olucetywayo. Yenza umtsi ukuya kwi-B-SUV “efashonini”? Yongeza amawaka ambalwa eeuro ngaphezulu kwenguqulo ehambelanayo - ngokwenyani kwinqanaba elifanayo njengecandelo C. Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukuba "luhlaza", i-euro eyi-30 ye-euro ye-100% yombane ibonakala ngathi (okwangoku) i-Olimpiki. ubuncinane.
Kaloku, abanye basenokuthi namhlanje amaxabiso awabalulekanga njengokuba ebenjalo ngaphambili. Kwaye ngokuyinxenye yinyani. Ziya zisanda iinkampani zabucala zikhetha iindlela ezinjengokurenta, kwaye ezinye iibhrendi ziye zeza neenkonzo zazo zokurhuma, ngokungathi ngumqhubi wefowuni okanye nawuphi na omnye umnikezeli wosasazo.
Kwabo bakhetha ukuthenga, kukwayinyaniso ukuba asiyi kushiya i-stand kunye nemoto entsha kwixabiso loluhlu, njengoko kungekho ukungabikho kwamaphulo okukhangisa okanye kunye nomda wezaphulelo.
Kodwa nangona kunjalo, ixabiso leemoto lihlala liyinto ephambili kwisigqibo sokuthenga.
Bhalisa kwincwadana yethu
Sisigqibo esinengqiqo kuphela esinokuthi sifike xa "siqhekeza" iitafile zentengiso, hayi ePortugal kuphela, kodwa naseYurophu. Ukuba asibandakanyi ukuthengiswa kweemoto ezintsha kwiinkampani kunye neenqwelo - sele zimele malunga ne-60% yeemarike ezipheleleyo - sifumana itafile yokuthengisa apho iimodeli ezithengisa kakhulu azikho ezo siqhele ukuzibona.
Endaweni yokuba iiVolkswagen Golf kunye neRenault Clio zikhokele kwiitshathi zentengiso, njengoko bezinjalo ngo-2020, siza kubona iDacia Sandero kunye neDuster kwezo ndawo zinye. Ngokuchanekileyo iimodeli ezinendawo yokuthengisa ephambili… ixabiso labo eliphantsi. Umbuzo uhlala uhleli...
Kutheni iimoto zibiza kakhulu kwaye zibonakala zingayeki ukunyuka?
Kuya kuba lula ukukhomba umnwe ePortugal kwirhafu yethu, kodwa kumacandelo asezantsi, apho yonke into ibonakala ngathi iza ne-turbo encinci, ubunzima be-ISV ayisiyiyo eyona sigqibo. Umahluko kwamanye amazwe, anje ngeSpain engummelwane, awukho phezulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, iimoto zombane aziyihlawuli i-ISV kwaye i-hybrids ine-40% "isaphulelo" kwixabiso lerhafu, elinyuka liye kwi-75% ye-plug-in hybrids - kwaye, njengoko sele uqaphele, kuninzi. .Abo banoxanduva lweemoto ezixabisa kakhulu nangaphezulu, ngaphezu kwako konke, amanyathelo okulwa nokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo kunye nokusabela kwiimfuno ezinkulu malunga nokhuseleko. Zezona ziphambili, kodwa kukho ezinye…
Izibane zeHalogen azikhanyi ngokwaneleyo? Ngokuqinisekileyo ii-LED zingcono, kodwa zibiza malini? I-Apple CarPlay kunye ne-Android Auto zinyanzelekile kwezi ntsuku kwaye ngakumbi amazibuko e-USB ngaphakathi kwesithuthi ngcono. Uqhagamshelwano luya lubaluleka ngakumbi nangakumbi, kunye nezinto zokuthuthuzela, xa sele zikhethekile kwizithuthi zodidi oluphezulu, njengezihlalo ezishushu, sele zifumaneka kubahlali basezidolophini. Yongeza kwi-I-ayi-phoswa-inkqubo yesandi se-XPTO, okanye amavili amakhulu ngokwaneleyo ububanzi ukwenza itafile yesine. Ihlala isongeza.
Imoto "eluhlaza" = imoto ebiza kakhulu
Umlo ochasene nokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo uye wenziwa ngokuphakamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi - ezingazange zibe phezulu njengoko zinjalo namhlanje -, kunye neenkqubo zokunyanga igesi yokukhupha igesi ekhulayo (i-catalysts, i-particle filters kunye neenkqubo ezikhethiweyo. ukunciphisa i-catalytic). Isiphumo esihle kukuba asizange sibe neenjini ezigcinwe kwaye "zicocekile".
Rekhoda amazinga oxinzelelo, izixhobo ezintsonkothileyo/ukwaleka ukunciphisa ukukruneka kwangaphakathi, ukucima isilinda, amaqhinga okutsha, ukutshaja okuphezulu, phakathi kwezinye, vumela olu hlobo lweziphumo, kodwa isiphumo secala kukuba ixabiso le-powertrain namhlanje liphezulu kakhulu. -15 kwiminyaka eyadlulayo.
Ufake umbane ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi? "Intlekele" ngokweendleko. Nokuba i-hybridization ilula kakhulu, inkqubo ye-mild-hybrid, ifaka iindleko ezongezelelweyo phakathi kwe-500 kunye ne-1000 ye-euro ngemoto nganye kumgca wemveliso. I-Hybrids enye i-3000-5000 ye-euro ngeyunithi nganye. Kwaye kuthekani ukuba senza ngaphandle kwe-injini yokutsha ngokupheleleyo, oko kukuthi, i-100% yombane? Inokubiza i-9000 eyongezelelweyo kwi-euro ye-11 000 ukwenza imoto xa kuthelekiswa nesithuthi esilinganayo kunye ne-injini yokutsha.
Le meko yokugqibela iyatshintsha, kunye noqikelelo lokuba iindleko ezinxulumene nokufakelwa kombane ziya kuhla. Nokuba ngokunyuka kweentengiso kunye noqoqosho olukhulu lwesikali; okanye ngenxa “yokudilizwa” okubonwe kwangaphambili ukuveliswa kweebhetri kumlinganiselo omkhulu kushishino lweemoto kule minyaka ilishumi izayo. Nangona behla ukuya kwindawo apho bangaphantsi kweendleko zeenjini zokutsha, baya kuzibeka kwinqanaba eliphezulu kunokuba bekucetywayo - qaphela ukuba i-ambition ye-2025 kukuba ube nomnini wesixeko sombane ngaphantsi kwe-20 yamawaka eeuro.
Ukhuselekile kwaye phantse uwedwa
Asizange sibe neemoto ezikhuselekileyo njengoko zinjalo namhlanje kwaye emva kwamashumi eminyaka yokuzivelela kwisahluko sokhuseleko (izakhiwo ezinokukhubazeka, i-airbags, njl.), ukhuseleko olusebenzayo luye lwaba ngumlinganiswa oyintloko kule nkulungwane (oko kukuthi, ukubakho kokuphepha iingozi indawo yokuqala. indawo). Abancedisi bokuqhuba abakaze babe baninzi kwaye banobunkunkqele, kodwa ukubenza basebenze kufuna ukuba songeze izinzwa, iikhamera kunye neerada - ewe, ubonile apho iya khona, iindleko ezingaphezulu.
Kwaye ukuba, kude kube mva nje, sinokukhetha ukuzongeza okanye hayi - nokuba i-Euro NCAP "ibanyanzela" ukuba bafikelele kwiinkwenkwezi ezintlanu - ukusuka kwisiqingatha sesibini sika-2022 uninzi lwaba bancedisi baya kunyanzeliswa ngokunyanzeliswa kweYurophu. Akukhathaliseki nokuba sisixeko esinexabiso eliphantsi okanye iSUV XL yodidi oluphezulu, zombini kuya kufuneka zibe nezinto kunye neenkqubo ezisuka kwikhamera engasemva ukuya kwi-autonomous emergency emergency braking system, zihamba ngokongezwa kwebhokisi emnyama okanye ugcino. emgceni, kunye nezinto eziphikisanayo ngakumbi njengomncedisi wesantya okrelekrele okanye ufakelo lwangaphambili lwezitshizi zomoya ezithintela ukuvutha.
Ngubani ohlawula yonke le nto?
Ikamva alibonakali lilula kuye nabani na okhangela imoto entsha, enexabiso eliphantsi. Kukho amakhulu kunye namawaka eeuro ezongezwa kwiindleko zokwenziwa kwemoto ukuze icoceke, ikhuseleke kwaye isebenziseke ngakumbi. Iimoto zibiza kakhulu kwaye ziya kuqhubeka zibiza kakhulu, nokuba kungenxa yokumiselwa kwemimiselo okanye ukunyanzeliswa kweemarike.Abakhi abanalo inkululeko ingako. Okanye bathatha iindleko ezongezelelweyo (okanye inxalenye) yeendleko, ukunciphisa kakhulu imida yabo - leyo, njengomthetho, abaqhelekanga kakhulu -; okanye uhlawule loo ndleko kumthengi.
Yiloo ndlela ke esifikelela ngayo kwimeko yemicimbi kule mihla yethu, apho sixoxa nokuba abantu abahlala edolophini baza kunyamalala na okanye hayi. Kuyasixabisa ukwamkela umhlali wedolophu oxabisa phakathi kwe-15-20 ye-euro lamawaka, kodwa ukuyiphuhlisa, iinkcukacha zomenzi zihambelana namanqaku amaninzi kunye ne-E-segment executive saloon - zombini zixhomekeke kwimimiselo efanayo.
Kutheni kuphehlelelwa umntu ohlala edolophini obiza imali eninzi ukwenza njengesithuthi esiluncedo aze asithengise ngemali encinane, angenzi mali ngokuyithengisa? Akumangalisi ukuba akukho zicwangciso kwixesha elizayo labemi abatsha (abafikelelekayo) abahlala edolophini ngabakhi baseYurophu - kunye ne-Smarts entsha, engazange ifikeleleke kakhulu, iya kuphuhliswa kwaye iveliswe eChina - kwaye ubomi babo bathengiswayo buyaqhubeka. zandiswe ngaphaya kwesizathu, de zikhutshelwe ngaphandle kwemarike ngomgaqo.
Akumangalisi ukuba ezinye iindlela ezifana ne-quadricycles zombane zivela kubenzi beemoto, uhlobo lwesithuthi esinganyanzelekanga ukuba sithobelane nemithetho enzima efana nemoto. Nangona kunjalo, zizithuthi ezisetyenziswa kancinci kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ewe, isizukulwana esitsha sabahlali basezidolophini silungiselelwa ukuba sifikelele phakathi kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo, i-100% yombane kunye nokunqoba kuya kubangwa kuba, njengoko nditshilo, baya kulawula ukuhlala ngaphantsi ... i-euro eyi-20 lamawaka.
"Usindiso" lwala macandelo asezantsi, uthanda okanye awufuni, kwi-crossover kunye ne-SUV. Ngoba? Ewe, nabani na othenga imoto entsha uzimisele ukunika amawaka ambalwa eeuro ngakumbi kule typology - ukuthengisa kuyaqinisekisa - nangona, ngokobuchwephesha, abahluke kwii-SUV ezivela kuyo. Oko kukuthi, impembelelo yeendleko zazo zonke izongezo zolawulo kunye nezobuchwepheshe ziyathotywa.
into emnandi
Ungandivi kakubi. Uninzi lwezi zongezo kwiimoto zangoku ziyimfuneko ngokwenene, kodwa nangona kunjalo… izongezo. Ke ngoko, baneendleko ezinxulumeneyo.
Uhlaziyo olumandla lwemoto alukafiki kwixesha elifutshane ukuze kuguqulwe indlela enyukayo yeendleko ebesisoloko sizingqina. Ukuba kukho nantoni na, siya kubona ukuhambelana okukhulu kobugcisa ukuqhubela phambili ukukhuthaza uqoqosho olukhoyo lwesikali kunye nokugudisa eli jiko lokukhula. Ishumi leminyaka elizayo njengoko silungiselela ukungena siya kuqhubeka nokuba leleenguqu zokufakelwa kombane. Akumangalisi ukuba uqikelelo luqhubeka lubonisa ukunyuka kweendleko ezinxulumene nokuveliswa kweemoto.
Ngaphezu koko, ngayo yonke imida kunye nezithintelo ezilindelekileyo kwiimoto ze-injini yokutsha ezifikelelekayo, sityhalelwa ngenkani kwezo zombane. Kodwa nangona inkuthazo yerhafu yesisa eyenzekayo kulo lonke elaseYurophu, amaxabiso abo asephezulu kakhulu - kwaye abonakala ebiza kakhulu ePortugal, apho imivuzo ingaphantsi komndilili waseYurophu.
Njengoko uCarlos Tavares, umlawuli olawulayo we-Groupe PSA, wathi: "umbane awukho idemokhrasi". Kuya kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba babe.
Iimoto ziyabiza kwaye ziya kuqhubeka, ngakumbi, kwikamva elibonakalayo.