Inkqubo esebenzayo yokulawula i-axle yangasemva, edityaniswe nenkqubo yokulawula imoto, ixhobisa ngakumbi nangakumbi izithuthi: ukusuka kwiPorsche 911 GT3/RS ukuya kwiFerrari 812 Superfast okanye nakwiRenault Mégane RS yamva nje.
Ezi nkqubo azintsha. Ukususela kwiinkqubo zokulawula ezihamba phambili ukuya kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo zamva nje, indlela yophuhliso kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko zale teknoloji iye yaba yinde, kodwa i-ZF iye yaphuhlisa oko kuya kuba yinkqubo yokuqala yokulawula esebenzayo ukuxhobisa ngokupheleleyo izithuthi zokuvelisa.
Iingqwalasela zophawu ecaleni, omnye wabavelisi becandelo lemoto abawongwa kakhulu kwihlabathi (isihloko se-8 ngokulandelelana ngo-2015), i-ZF, iguqule iinkqubo zokuqhuba ezisebenzayo ze-asi yangasemva ngenguquko yendalo yeenkqubo zangaphambili, ezinexabiso eliphantsi nezingantsonkothanga kangako.
Ingaba iqulathe ntoni iZF steering system?
I-Acronyms kunye ne-nomenclatures ecaleni, siya kubona iimpawu ezininzi zisebenzisa isiseko senkqubo yokulawula i-ZF, ebizwa ngokuba yi-AKC (i-Active Kinematics Control). Ukusuka kwi-brand ukuya kwi-brand, itshintsha igama kodwa iya kuba yinkqubo efanayo.
Igama elinikwe nguZF lide lisinike umkhondo omhle ngobume bale nkqubo. Ukususela kulawulo lwamandla e-kinematic, sinokutsho ngokukhawuleza ukuba inkqubo isebenza kumandla okunyakaza, kodwa asifuni ukuhlala kwimiba ye-Applied Physics okanye iSiseko se-Classical Mechanics. Nceda unga...
Le nkqubo ilawulwa yimodyuli yokulawula (ECS) ejongene nokulawula ngokusebenzayo, ngokusebenzisa iiparitha ezifunyenwe ngabavavanyi besantya, i-angle yevili kunye nentshukumo yesondo lokuqhuba - yonke imisebenzi kwinguqu ye-angle ye-toe-in kumavili angasemva.
Kwalo mahluko mnye kwi-engile yokuhlangana kwamavili angasemva unokunyuka aye kuthi ga kwi-3º yomahluko phakathi kweenguqu ezilungileyo nezingalunganga. Oko kukuthi, nge-engile engalunganga, amavili abonwayo ukusuka phezulu anokulungelelaniswa kwe-convex eyenza i-V, apho i-vertex yale V imele i-angle ku-0 °, iveza ukuvuleka kwamavili ngaphandle. Okuchasanayo kwenzeka kwi-engile echanekileyo, apho ulungelelwaniso lwenzwane yamavili lwenza i-Λ, iveza i-engile yevili ngaphakathi.
Ingaba inkqubo ye-AKC ye-ZF ilawula njani ukuguquguquka kwe-engile yozwane kumavili angasemva?
Njengeenkqubo zamandulo, zonke zisebenzisa i-hydraulic okanye i-electro-hydraulic actuators. ZF's is electrohydraulic kwaye ineendlela ezimbini ezahlukileyo: okanye njenge i actuator ephakathi okanye kabini . Kwimeko yezithuthi eziphezulu, ii-electro-hydraulic actuators ezibekwe ekumisweni kwevili ngalinye zisetyenziswa.
Enyanisweni, xa izithuthi zixhotyiswe ngee-actuator ezimbini, zithatha indawo yengalo exhonywe phezulu, apho enye ingalo ye-crosslink idibanisa iingalo eziphezulu. Ukusebenza kwee-activators kuphendula ngokuthe ngqo kwiimpembelelo ezivela kwimodyuli yokulawula ye-ECS, ngexesha langempela, itshintsha i-angle yokuguqulwa kweevili ze-axle yangasemva.
Isebenza njani inkqubo ye-AKC ye-ZF?
Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, igalelo esilinika kwivili lokuqhuba, ivili langaphambili lokujika i-angle kunye nesantya, ivumela imodyuli yokulawula ye-ECS ukumisela ukuhluka kwenkqubo yokulawula esebenzayo. Ukuqhuba, ngesantya esiphantsi okanye kwiindlela zokupaka, inkqubo yokuqhuba esebenzayo iyatshintsha-tshintsha i-engile yamavili angasemva kwicala elichaseneyo nangaphambili, inciphisa i-engile yokujika kwaye ithanda indawo yokupaka ngokunxuseneyo.
Xa uqhuba ngesantya esiphezulu (ukusuka kwi-60 km / h) i-feats yenkqubo yokulawula esebenzayo iqinisekisa ukuzinza ngakumbi kwiikona. Kweli nqanaba amavili angasemva ajikela kwicala elinye nelangaphambili.
Xa isithuthi siqhutywa ngaphandle kokuhamba kwevili lokuqhuba, imodyuli yokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo ithatha ukuba ayisebenzisi, ngaloo ndlela igcina ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ngapha koko, inkqubo yokulawula esebenzayo yeZF yinkqubo “yeSteering on Demand”, kodwa ikwayinkqubo “yePower on Demand”.
I-ZF ithathe iminyaka ukudemokhrasi le nkqubo yokulawula esebenzayo kwaye i-Porsche yayingomnye wabavelisi bokuqala ukuhlanganisa esi sizukulwana esitsha sokulawula okusebenzayo njengoluhlu ngo-2014. Ngo-2015, emva konyaka wokuvuthwa kwenkqubo, uFerrari walandela indlela efanayo. Kwixesha elizayo ingaba phantse yonke imodeli yezemidlalo enikwe ukuhambelana kwesisombululo sobugcisa esiphuhliswe nguZF.