BMW, Volvo, Google da Samsung SDI sune kamfanoni na farko da suka rattaba hannu kan dokar dakatarwar Asusun namun daji ta Duniya (WWF) na hakar ma'adinan zurfin teku.
A cewar wannan kungiya mai zaman kanta, wadannan kamfanoni sun yi alkawarin ba za su samar da wani ma’adanin da ke cikin teku ba, don ware irin wadannan ma’adinan daga hanyoyin samar da su da kuma ba da kudaden gudanar da ayyukan hakar ma’adanai a cikin teku.
Ka tuna cewa akwai wani yanki a cikin Tekun Pasifik, a zurfin tsakanin kilomita 4 zuwa 6 - a cikin wani yanki mai girman gaske wanda ya kai kilomita da yawa tsakanin Hawaii da Mexico - inda za'a iya samun adadi mai yawa na nodules na polymetallic.
Ba su wuce ƙananan duwatsu ba, amma sun ƙunshi duk kayan da ake bukata don yin baturi don motar lantarki.
Polymetallic nodules, menene su?
Wadannan nodules (waɗanda suka fi kama da ƙananan duwatsu ...), girmansu ya bambanta tsakanin 1 cm zuwa 10 cm, kawai adibas na ferromanganese oxides da sauran karafa, kamar waɗanda ake bukata don samar da batura.
Kasancewa a cikin dukkan tekuna har ma a wasu tafkuna, sun fice don kasancewa a kan tekun, don haka ba sa buƙatar kowane irin hakowa.
Wannan batu ne da muka yi bayani a baya, lokacin da DeepGreen Metals, wani kamfanin hakar ma'adinai mai zurfi na Kanada, ya ba da shawarar hakar ma'adinai mai zurfi a matsayin madadin hakar ma'adinan kan teku.
Yin la'akari da ƙarancin albarkatun ƙasa don yin duk batir da ake buƙata don amsawa ga karuwar matsin lamba na sanya motocin lantarki a kasuwa, hakar waɗannan nodules na polymetallic daga kasan teku ya zama mafita.
Menene kasantuwar?
Duk da haka, ba a san da yawa game da yanayin halittu da nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in) an san shi a cikin wuraren da ake tattarawa a kasan tekuna, don haka ba a san ainihin tasirin wannan al'ada ba a kan wannan yanayin. Kuma wannan shine babban dalilin da ke goyan bayan dakatarwar a yanzu "wanda aka tashe" ta WWF.
"Tare da yawancin yanayin yanayin teku mai zurfi har yanzu ba a bincika kuma a fahimta ba, irin wannan aikin ba zai zama gajeriyar hangen nesa ba," in ji wata kungiya mai zaman kanta, ta Automotive News.
Ta wannan ma'ana, dakatarwar ta yi kira da a haramta ayyukan hakar ma'adinan cikin teku har sai an fahimci haɗarin da ke tattare da shi kuma duk wasu hanyoyin sun ƙare.
BMW, Volvo, Google da Samsung SDI cikin haɗin kai
A cewar Automotive News, BMW ya riga ya sanar da cewa albarkatun kasa daga hako ma'adinai a teku "ba wani zaɓi bane" a halin yanzu saboda babu isassun binciken kimiyya don tantance haɗarin muhalli.
iX3, BMW na farko na lantarki SUV.
Samsung SDI ya kuma ce shi ne mai kera batir na farko da ya shiga cikin shirin WWF. Bi da bi, Volvo da Google ba su yi sharhi game da wannan "matsayi".
Amma duk da wannan bukatar dakatarwa da aka sanya hannu a yanzu, kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai na karkashin teku suna ci gaba da aikin shirye-shiryen da kokarin tabbatar da lasisin wadannan ayyukan.
Ya zuwa yanzu, daga cikin kamfanonin da ke da lasisin bincike don yankunan zurfin teku akwai DeepGreen - wanda aka riga aka ambata a sama -, GSR da UK Seabed Resources.
DeepGreen yana daya daga cikin manyan masu bayar da shawarar wannan mafita, wanda ya ce ya fi dorewa fiye da hakar ma'adinan kan teku, saboda yana haifar da ƙarancin sharar gida kuma saboda nodules suna da ƙarancin ƙarfe fiye da waɗanda aka samu a cikin ma'adinan kan teku.
GSR, ta hannun manajan darekta, Kris van Nijen, ya riga ya bayyana cewa "zata nemi kwangilar hakar ma'adinai ne kawai idan kimiyya ta nuna cewa, ta fuskar muhalli da zamantakewa, ma'adanai daga zurfin teku suna da fa'ida akan madadin. - wanda zai dogara ne kawai akan sabbin nakiyoyin kasa da na yanzu."
Volvo XC40 Recharge, farkon samar da wutar lantarki ta alamar Sweden.
Norway tana son ta zama majagaba
Norway, wacce a shekarar 2020 ta zama kasa ta farko a duniya inda motocin lantarki ke wakiltar sama da kashi 50% na sabbin motocin da ake siyar, tana son zama majagaba a harkar hakar ma'adinai a teku kuma tana iya ba da lasisi tun daga shekarar 2023.
Da yake zantawa da Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na Automotive News, Sakataren Harkokin Wajen Ma’aikatar Man Fetur da Makamashi ta Norway, Tony Christian Tiller, ya ki cewa komai game da wannan dakatarwar, amma ya tabbatar da cewa, tuni gwamnatin waccan kasar da ke arewacin Turai ta “fara wani tsari na bude kofa ga ma’adanai masu yawa a tekun. inda yanayin muhalli ya kasance muhimmin yanki a kimanta tasirin tasiri”.
