Kuva ku ya 1 Nzeri 2017, ibizamini bishya byo gukoresha no gusohora ibyuka byatangiye gukurikizwa kugirango imodoka zose zishyirwe ahagaragara. WLTP (Harmonized Global Testing Procedure for Vehicles Light) isimbuye NEDC (New Europe Driving Cycle) kandi icyo bivuze, muri make, ni ikizamini gikomeye cyane kizazana imibare y’ibicuruzwa n’ibisohoka hafi y’ibigenzurwa mu bihe bifatika. .
Ariko icyemezo cyo gukoresha no gusohora ntikizahagarara aho. Guhera kuriyi tariki, ikizamini cya RDE kizinjira muri WLTP kandi nacyo kizafata icyemezo cyo kumenya ibiciro byanyuma nibisohoka.
RDE? Bisobanura iki?
RDE cyangwa Ibyuka Byukuri byo gutwara, bitandukanye na laboratoire nka WLTP, ni ibizamini bikorwa mubihe byo gutwara. Bizuzuza WLTP, ntibisimbuze.Intego ya RDE ni ukwemeza ibisubizo byagezweho muri laboratoire, gupima urwego rwumwanda mubihe nyabyo byo gutwara.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibizamini bikorwa?
Imodoka zizageragezwa mumihanda nyabagendwa, mubihe bitandukanye kandi bizamara iminota 90 kugeza 120:
- ku bushyuhe buke no hejuru
- ubutumburuke n'uburebure
- kumuvuduko muto (umujyi), hagati (umuhanda) n'umuvuduko mwinshi (umuhanda)
- hejuru no hepfo
- n'umutwaro
Nigute ushobora gupima imyuka ihumanya ikirere?
Iyo igeragezwa, Sisitemu yo gupima ibyuka byangiza (PEMS) izashyirwa mumodoka, niyihe igufasha gupima mugihe nyacyo umwanda uva mumuriro , nka okiside ya azote (NOx).PEMS ni ibikoresho bigoye bihuza abasesengura gazi igezweho, metero zitwara gaze zuzuye, sitasiyo yikirere, GPS hamwe na sisitemu ya elegitoroniki yimodoka. Ubu bwoko bwibikoresho bugaragaza, ariko, kunyuranya. Ibi ni ukubera ko PEMS idashobora kwigana urwego rumwe rwo gupima ukuri kuboneka mugihe cyagenzuwe na laboratoire.
Iyandikishe mu kanyamakuru kacu
Ntanubwo hazabaho ibikoresho bimwe bya PEMS bihuriweho na bose - birashobora guturuka kubatanga ibintu bitandukanye - bidatanga umusanzu mubisubizo nyabyo. Tutibagiwe ko ibipimo byawe bigira ingaruka kumiterere y'ibidukikije no kwihanganira sensor zitandukanye.
Nigute dushobora kwemeza ibisubizo byabonetse muri RDE?
Byatewe nuko ibyo bitandukanye, nubwo ari bito, ikaba yarahujwe mubisubizo ibisubizo ikosa rya 0.5 . Byongeye, a ikintu cyo kubahiriza , cyangwa muyandi magambo, imipaka idashobora kurenga mubihe nyabyo.
Icyo bivuze ni uko imodoka ishobora kugira ibyuka bihumanya kuruta ibiboneka muri laboratoire mugihe cya RDE.
Kuri iki cyiciro cyambere, ibintu byubahiriza imyuka ya NOx bizaba 2.1 (ni ukuvuga ko bishobora kohereza inshuro 2,1 kurenza agaciro kemewe n'amategeko), ariko bizagenda bigabanuka buhoro buhoro kugeza kuri 1 (hiyongereyeho 0.5 margin yikosa) muri 2020. Muri andi magambo, icyo gihe ntarengwa ya 80 mg / km ya NOx iteganijwe na Euro 6 igomba kugerwaho no mubizamini bya RDE ntabwo biri mubizamini bya WLTP gusa.
Kandi izi mbaraga zubaka kugirango zigere ku ndangagaciro ziri munsi yimipaka yashyizweho. Impamvu iri mu kaga ko ikosa rya PEMS rigizwe, kuko rishobora kuba hejuru kurenza uko byari byitezwe bitewe nuburyo bwihariye kumunsi icyitegererezo cyatanzwe.
Ibindi bintu byubahiriza bijyanye nibindi bihumanya bizongerwaho nyuma, kandi intera yamakosa irashobora gusubirwamo.
Bizagira izihe ngaruka ku modoka yanjye nshya?
Kwinjira mubikorwa byibizamini bishya bigira ingaruka, kugeza magingo aya, gusa imodoka zatangijwe nyuma yiyi tariki. Gusa guhera ku ya 1 Nzeri 2019 imodoka zose zagurishijwe zigomba kwemezwa ukurikije WLTP na RDE.
Bitewe nuburemere bukomeye, tuzabona neza igabanuka ryukuri ryuka rya NOx nibindi bihumanya kandi ntabwo biri kumpapuro. Bisobanura kandi moteri izaba ifite sisitemu yo gutunganya gazi igoye kandi ihenze. Kubijyanye na Diesels ntibikwiye ko bidashoboka guhunga iyemezwa rya SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) no mumodoka ya lisansi tuzabona kwamamara kwinshi muyungurura.
Nkuko ibi bizamini bivuze kuzamuka muri rusange kumikoreshereze yumutungo n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, harimo na CO2, niba nta gihindutse mu ngengo yimari itaha ya Leta, moderi nyinshi zizashobora kuzamuka hejuru imwe cyangwa ebyiri, kwishyura ISV nyinshi na IUC.