Nechina masikati, kukurukurirana kwakasununguka paPastelaria do Marques muPorto Côvo (Costa Vicentina). Nyaya? Mota, hongu.
Zvese izvi litany kuunza chitsauko chitsva mune yedu Autopédia: Sei mota dzemashure-mavhiri dziri nani mitambo pane yekumberi-mavhiri?
Chikonzero chatinoziva kare(!) kusimbisa chirevo ichi ndechekuti hazvisi nyore nguva dzose. Ndozvataita masikati ano. Kutsigira, kusimbisa zvakawanda… Mhedzisiro yacho yakaumbwa mumitsara iyi.
Pane chimwe chinhu chiri nani pane kutyaira mota yakanaka yekumashure-mavhiri? Zvakaoma…
Chakanyanya bhenefiti rekumashure-vhiri kutyaira ndechekudzikamisa masimba ekushushikana ari kushanda pamatayi kubva kumberi - verenga masimba ekukweva uye masimba anotungamira. Mumotokari dzinodhonza kumashure, mavhiri ekumashure ndiwo ane basa rekudhonza simba, ukuwo mavhiri emberi anongobata nemasimba ekutungamirira.
Mumota dzinotyaira mavhiri emberi, hazvisisirizvo. Matayi epamberi anofanira kutarisana nemasimba maviri aya, uye zvakadaro zviri nyore simba rekunamatira rinopfuudzwa. Zvichakadaro matai ekumashure anenge atora "zororo".
Nyorera kune tsamba yedu
Mumotokari dzinotyaira mavhiri kumashure, kuedza uku kwakakamurwa pakati pemaakisi maviri. Matai ekumberi anongobata nemasimba ekutungamira ukuwo matai ekumashure achibata nekudhonza kwemota chete. Ichi chinhu chinoita kuti zvikwanise kushandisa zvizere kugona kwekubata kwemasero ese ari maviri, ayo anoturikira mumakona epamusoro ekumhanya. . Ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru. Mamwe ndeechipiri asi achiri kushanda.
Kugovera uremu kuri nani:
Mota zhinji dzinodhonza kumashure dzine injini kumberi uye zvinotakura zvinhu kumashure — muenzaniso wakanaka ndewe Lexus LFA iyo ine gearbox paekisero yekumashure — ukuwo dzemberi dzine zvese kumberi. . Nekuita kuti zvikamu zvigovaniswe pamusoro pematemo maviri, hunhu hwemotokari hunowedzera kutarisika uye kusarerekera nekuda kwekudzika kwayo kweinertia.Kuwedzera kurinani:
Mumamiriro ezvinhu angangoita ese, kukwidziridzwa kwemota yekumashure-inodhonza-inotanga kusimuka kwakakwirisa kupfuura kwemota inodhonza-mberi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kana uchikwevera kure kune kuendeswa kwehuremu kumashure, izvo zvinoshandura mukuwedzera kwekumanikidza pane rabha uye izvo zvinowedzera simba rayo rekudhonza. Mumotokari dzinotyaira mavhiri emberi chinhu chimwe chete chine mhedzisiro inoita kuti matai atsvedzeke.
Yakakura braking capacity:
Nekuda kwekugovewa kurinani kwehuremu, kurasikirwa kwechiyero pakati pemberi neshure mukukurumidzira braking kushoma, saka kuyedza kuri pakati pematayi emberi nekumashure kunowedzera kuenzana.Kukwanisa kukuru kutendeuka nekukurumidza:
Kusada kuve kudzokorora, kuenzana uremu kutamisa pakati peekisi kunoita kuti mota ive nehunhu hwakarerekera nekuda kweiyo yakaderera nguva inertia, iyo inoita kuti iwedzere kufambiswa. Tsika yekutiza kubva kumberi (understeer) ishoma sezvo mutoro uri pasi pemberi wakadzikira padanho rekukweva. Icho chokwadi chekuti ine traction pamatairi ekumashure zvakare inoibvumira kukotama nerubatsiro rwekudhiraivha kunodzorwa kubva kumashure.
Hapana torque-steer uye kunzwa kuri nani:
Sezvaunoziva, mota dzemberi dzinotyaira mota dzine bhiza rakakwirira dzese dzine dambudziko rimwe chete: kudzokororwa kwe torque muhunyanzvi hwekutungamira . Basa rekusiyanisa rinoita kuti unzwe uri pavhiri uye kazhinji rinotisiya isu tisingazivi zviri kuitika "kumberi".Mazuva ano, kuburikidza nekushandiswa kweakaomesesa ekumisa geometries uye akati wandei mapivots, mhedzisiro yakanaka inowanikwa mukuita kwekugayiwa kwesimba neaxle yekumberi, zvisinei izvi mhedzisiro inowanikwa neimwe mutengo. Kunyanya, "zvakaoma" chitubu uye kumiswa kugadzirisa kunoita kuti motokari isanyanya kugadzikana uye isingabvumiri kune kusaenzana kwedivi reasphalt. Sekumashure-vhiri dhiraivha mota, mainjiniya anogona kutarisa pakuwedzera manzwiro ekumberi uye kugona kwayo "kutendeuka" mota.
Zvirinani mechaniki kuwanikwa uye kusimba:
Hazvishamisi kuti vatyairi vetekisi vanosarudza mota neiyi gadziriso. Rudyi? Iti hongu...
Zvinonakidza-chinhu:
Pane chimwe chinhu chiri nani pane kutyaira mota yakanaka yekumashure-mavhiri? Zvakaoma…
Zvose zvakataura, sei panyika vakazogadzira motokari dzinotakura mavhiri epamberi? Nezvikonzero zviviri zvakakosha:
Chikonzero chekutanga ndechekuti zvakachipa kuunganidza uye kugadzira mota yekumberi-mavhiri. Iine zvikamu zvishoma uye gungano rayo rinosanganiswa.
Yechipiri ndiyo mibairo maererano nekugara kwemukati. Sezvo zvese zvikamu zvakamisikidzwa kumberi kwemota, nzvimbo inosunungurwa kune mikwende uye vafambi nekuda kwekushaikwa kwepakati mugero.
Sezvineiwo, nhasi kumberi-vhiri dhiraivha, nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwakaitwa mumagetsi uye kumiswa, hakuna chinhu chinofinha. Tarisa Renault Mégane RS, Seat Leon Cupra 280 kana mhando itsva yeHonda Civic Type R. Kune avo vanonyanya kufunga, handikwanise kutadza kudoma dzimwe epic dzemberi dzinotyaira mota: Citroen AX GT, Peugeot 106 Rally, Volkswagen. Gorofu GTI MK1, uye yekupedzisira asi isiri iyo Integra Type R!